scholarly journals Species composition of Trichinella in domestic and wild animals in Bulgaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
N. Lalkovski
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis

Four Trichinella species cause trichinellosis in Europe: Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nativа and Trichinella pseudospiralis. The aim of our study was to determine the preponderance of Trichinella species in Bulgaria. The research covered the period 2010–2016. Molecular analysis was performed with 120 Trichinella isolates. Two species were discovered: Trichinella britovi and Trichinella spiralis. T. britovi predominated over T. spiralis – 113 isolates (94.17%) and 7 (5.83%) respectively. Both species were identified in domestic pigs and wild boars, with T. britovi: T.spiralis ratios in 45:1 in wild boars and 1:1 in domestic pigs. T. britovi was the geographically more widespread species. It was found in samples from domestic and wild animals from all over the country, while T. spiralis has only been found in several areas.

Trichinella nativa in sylvatic wild boars

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pozio ◽  
C.M.O. Kapel
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Nativa

Of 17 Trichinella isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in regions where Trichinella nativa is widespread among sylvatic animals, two wild boars from Estonia were found to be naturally infected with this Trichinella species. The other 15 animals were infected with Trichinella spiralis. Trichinella nativa is tolerant to freezing when in the muscles of carnivores. The biological characteristics and temperature tolerance of this species in swine need to be further investigated if pork is certified for consumption following freezing.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Trichinella species (Trichinella spiralis/Trichinella britovi versus Trichinella pseudospiralis) using western blot

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angeles Gómez-Morales ◽  
Alessandra Ludovisi ◽  
Marco Amati ◽  
Simona Cherchi ◽  
Daniele Tonanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis

Spatial distribution of Trichinella britovi, T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis of domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary

2012 ◽  
Vol 183 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Széll ◽  
G. Marucci ◽  
A. Ludovisi ◽  
M.A. Gómez-Morales ◽  
T. Sréter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Britovi

First report of Trichinella britovi in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Cvetkovic ◽  
Vlado Teodorovic ◽  
Gianluca Marucci ◽  
Dragan Vasilev ◽  
Sasa Vasilev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
First Report ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Balkan Countries

AbstractIn Europe, Serbia ranks among countries with a high prevalence of Trichinella infection in pigs, which continues to be a serious human health problem. While in some Balkan countries, more than one Trichinella species/genotype has been described in both the sylvatic and domestic cycles, these data are lacking for Serbia. To date, only a few Serbian isolates of Trichinella have been genetically specified, and all were classified as T. spiralis. Although transmission of Trichinella from domestic pigs to wildlife could be assumed, neither the infection status nor the species of Trichinella circulating among wildlife in Serbia has been investigated. This study shows the presence of two Trichinella species, T. spiralis and T. britovi, in wild animals originating from five districts in Serbia, where Trichinella infections in domestic pigs and humans have been recorded. Trichinella spiralis was detected in jackals (n = 3), red foxes (n = 2) and a wild cat (n = 1). We also established that wolves (n = 4) and red foxes (n = 2) serve as sylvatic reservoirs for T. britovi. This is the first report on the presence of T. britovi in Serbia.

scholarly journals Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Gondek ◽  
Przemysław Knysz ◽  
Renata Pyz-Łukasik ◽  
Anna Łukomska ◽  
Anna Kuriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pig Carcasses

There is little or even no data in the global literature on the distribution of different species of Trichinella in the individual parts of the diaphragms and tongues in infected pigs. This is of particular importance from the food safety point of view and for the conduct of routine testing of pig carcasses for Trichinella as well as epidemiological surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Trichinella britovi (T. britovi), and Trichinella pseudospiralis (T. pseudospiralis) ML in various parts of the diaphragm (the pillars, costal, and sternal part) and the distribution of encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi) in various parts of the tongues (the tip, body, and root) of experimentally infected pigs. The diaphragm pillars were the most heavily parasitized part of the diaphragm both in groups of pigs infected with particular species of Trichinella and in groups of pigs presenting different levels of infection; however, statistical differences were observed only in the group of pigs with moderate (21–35 larvae per gram-lpg) or moderately high (35–55 lpg) intensity of Trichinella spp. infection in the entire diaphragm. In all groups of pigs, regardless of the infecting Trichinella species or infection level, larvae showed a homogeneous distribution on both sides of the diaphragm and excluding those of T. pseudospiralis, also in all three parts of the tongue. Histological examination showed features of a differential inflammatory response around larvae of the different Trichinella species. This study confirmed that for mandatory examination of pig carcasses using a pooled-sample digestion assay in which each pig is intended to be represented by a 1 gram sample taken from the diaphragm pillars, if that tissue is not available, the mass of the sample taken from the remaining diaphragm parts (costal or sternal) should be at least double that from the pillars. Histological findings confirmed that the inflammatory pattern of pig muscles varies depending on the Trichinella species triggering the infection and is less intense in the case of infections with T. pseudospiralis than in infections with encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi).

scholarly journals SPECIES COMPOSITION OF HELMINTHS OF THE JACKAL (CANIS AUREUS) IN THE WESTERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Suleimenov ◽  
Amanzhol
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Western Region

The article presents the results of studying the species composition of helminth fauna of the jackal (Canis aureus) in the western region of Kazakhstan. The studies were carried out by coprological methods, the method of complete helminthological dissection, and swabs from the limbs were carried out for oocysts of protozoa and helminth eggs. As study results showed, the highest infection rate is observed for helminth species such as Uncinaria stenocephala, Dipylidium caninum, Toxocara canis, and Trichinella spiralis. The epizootology of parasitic diseases of wild animals is poorly studied, and many unclear questions remain, in particular, what factors serve as triggers for outbreaks of invasive animal diseases. There are many types of helminths parasitizing in domestic animals and their wild relatives, which cause severe diseases in both groups of animals that are often fatal if they have appropriate qualitative and quantitative composition. They include causative agents of echinococcosis, fascioliasis, coenurosis, dictyocaulosis, dicroceliasis of gastrointestinal strongylatosis, etc. As a result, huge losses are caused to natural populations of wild animals and the country's economy in general due to lower productivity and death of animals. Given that the jackal helminth fauna shows a high degree of similarity to domestic carnivores, it should be assumed that when these wild animals come into contact with farm animals, they can exchange parasites. Therefore, it should be assumed that any studies regarding helminthiases of this animal of Kazakhstan form the material of undoubted scientific and practical interest.

scholarly journals Bacterial Pneumonia in Captive Wild Boars in Southern Brazil - Etiological and Pathological Causes

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalha Biondo ◽  
Karine Ludwig Takeuti ◽  
Julia Helena Montes ◽  
Laura Lopes de Almeida ◽  
Caroline Pinto de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship

Background: Respiratory diseases are one of the major health issues described in intensive pig production, causing important economic losses. However, there is little information on the prevalence, etiology and clinical-pathological presentation of these diseases in wild boars. For this reason, this work investigated the presence in captive wild boars of pneumonic lesions and bacterial pathogens commonly detected and associated with respiratory diseases in domestic pigs.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 226 captive wild boar lungs from two farms were examined in a slaughterhouse in Southern Brazil. The pneumonic lesions were classified as cranioventral, dorsocaudal, and disseminated, and the quantification of lesions was calculated. From the total of 226 lungs, 121 were collected for laboratory examination. Lungs with macroscopic lesions suggestive of pneumonia were collected for histological, bacteriological and molecular analysis. The molecular analysis was performed to detect the presence of Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella (G.) parasuis, Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma (M.) hyorhinis and Streptococcus (S.) suis serotype 2. The percentages of histological lesions and bacterial agents and their association were calculated. Cranioventral consolidation (75.2%) was the most prevalent macroscopic lung lesion, followed by disseminated (21.5%) and dorsocaudal (3.3%) distribution. Microscopically, chronic lesions were the most prevalent, representing 70.2% of the lungs. Moreover, BALT hyperplasia was present in 86.5% of the lungs, suppurative bronchopneumonia in 65.7%, and alveoli infiltrate in 46.8%. Six bacterial pathogens commonly described as agents of pig pneumonia were identified by bacterial or molecular methods: Pasteurella (P.) multocida, S. suis, M. hyopneumoniae, A. pleuropneumoniae, G. parasuis and M. hyorhinis. Twenty-eight different combinations of pathogens were identified in 84 samples (69.4%). The most common combinations were: M. hyopneumoniae and A. pleuropneumoniae (13.1%), M. hyopneumoniae, G. parasuis and M. hyorhinis (10.7%), and M. hyopneumoniae, A. pleuropneumoniae and G. parasuis (8.3%). Additionally, M. hyopneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen detected in this study, representing 58.7% of the samples. The detection of M. hyopneumoniae and M. hyorhinis by PCR was associated with the presence of BALT hyperplasia (P < 0.05) and there was also an association between the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR and suppurative bronchopneumonia (P < 0.05). In addition, a significant association (P < 0.05) between the detection of M. hyopneumoniae and A. pleuropneumoniae by PCR and the histological classification (acute, subacute or chronic lesions) was observed.Discussion: The results of this study were similar to those observed in slaughtered domestic pigs, although, the detection of opportunist pathogens was less frequent than that usually described in pig pneumonia. The high prevalence of pneumonia in captive wild boars at slaughter and the similar characteristics of pneumonia in captive wild boars and domestic pigs suggest that the close phylogenetic relationship between pigs and wild boars could influence the susceptibility of both species to the colonization of the same pathogens, indicating that captive wild boars raised in confined conditions could be predisposed to respiratory diseases, similar to domestic pigs. Keywords: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, lung consolidation, slaughter, Sus scrofa, swine.

Prevalence of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in wild boars in the northeast of Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atzahara Díaz ◽  
M. Teresa Tejedor ◽  
Arnau Padrosa ◽  
Joaquín Quílez
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Trichinella Britovi

Environmental and human influence on the ecology of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in Western Europe

Parasitology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pozio ◽  
G. La Rosa ◽  
F. J. Serrano ◽  
J. Barrat ◽  
L. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Sylvatic Cycle ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Domestic Cycle

SUMMARYSurveys on Trichinella parasites in domestic and sylvatic animals collected in France, Italy, and in the Extremadura region of Spain showed that the distribution of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi is influenced by both environmental and human behaviour factors. In France, both Trichinella species are prevalent in the fox population from mountain areas and natural parks but are infrequent in wild boars (< 0·001%). In Italy, only T. britovi is present in sylvatic animals (foxes, wolves, and mustelids) living 500 m above sea level. This species is rare in wild boars ( < 0·001%) in that area. Sylvatic trichinellosis is found in only 24% and 34% of French and Italian territory, respectively, while lowland areas may generally be considered Trichinella-free, because the domestic cycle is absent. The ecology of T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Extremadura shows a different picture from that observed in France and Italy because of the presence of both domestic and sylvatic cycles. The domestic cycle not only allows the maintenance of T. spiralis in the domestic environment, but it also has a great impact on the prevalence in wild boar populations. It does not influence the prevalence in vulpine populations. These data suggest (1) that domestic trichinellosis occurs only in rural areas of Western Europe in association with traditional swine-rearing practices, but not in industrialized pig farms; (2) that sylvatic trichinellosis occurs only in natural habitats which, in Western Europe, are widespread in mountain areas; (3) that the fox is the primary reservoir in the sylvatic cycle, where the parasite is maintained in a closed circuit and (4) that among sylvatic animals T. spiralis is present at lower altitude than is T. britovi.

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