A cross-sectional survey on sleep quality, mental health, and academic performance among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Abstract Objective Adequate sleep is integral to better mental health and facilitates students’ learning. We aimed to assess sleep quality among medical students and to see whether it was associated with their mental health (e.g., depression, anxiety, and stress) and academic performance. Results A total of 206 responded, and 95 of them had complete data on demography, lifestyle, academic performance, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and mental health (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales). The prevalence of poor sleep was 63.2%; it was higher among students who were physically inactive and had more screen time. Poor sleepers demonstrated higher academic performance than sufficient sleepers (p = 0.04). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 42%, 53%, and 31% respectively. Sleep quality was significantly associated with depression (p = 0. 03), anxiety (p = 0.007), and stress (p = 0.01).

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Quality of Sleep and Its Correlates among Yemeni Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2021/8887870 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Bothaina Ahmed Attal ◽

Mohammed Bezdan ◽

Abdulwahab Abdulqader

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Background. Sleep disturbance is particularly common among medical students worldwide and affects their wellbeing and academic performance. However, little is known about this issue in Yemen. This study looks at sleep quality and its association with personal and life-style factors and self-reported academic performance among medical students at the largest Yemeni university. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Sana’a University, Yemen, in 2017. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), consisting of 19 items and 7 components ( score range = 0 ‐ 3 ), was used to assess sleep quality. The summation of the components’ scores yields the global PSQI score ( range = 0 ‐ 21 ). A global PSQI value higher than 5 indicates poor quality of sleep. Logistic regression was applied to look at relationships. Results. 240 male (41%) and female (59%) medical students took part in the study with 54% being preclinical and 46% clinical with an average age of 23.3 years ( SD = 1.7 ). The mean global score (SD) was 6.85 (2.8), and 68% of the students ( N = 163 ) were identified as poor sleepers. The mean global PSQI score (SD) and proportion of poor sleepers were higher among males (7.7 (2.8) and 81%, respectively) than females (6.27 (2.42) and 59.2%, respectively), p ≤ 0.001 . Good sleep quality was more likely (OR (95% CI)) among females (3.4 (1.3-8.8)), the unmarried (2.8 (1-7.8)), those in good health (2.3 (1.1-4.5)), and nonkhat chewers (4.9 (1.4-17.1)). Nonsmokers were less likely to have good quality sleep compared to occasional smokers (0.185 (0.071-.485)). Stress (30%) and academic workload (21%) were the most commonly reported causes of poor sleep quality. Almost two-thirds of the students (65%) mentioned that disturbed sleep undermined their academic performance. Conclusions. Poor sleep quality is common among Sana’a medical students and impacts their academic performance. Specific stress management and sleep hygiene promoting programs should be incorporated early on in medical education.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Medical Students, interns and residents in Pakistan

10.53350/pjmhs211592333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2333-2336

Author(s):

Anum Arif ◽

Minahil Iram ◽

Sabih Nofal ◽

Aima Sohail ◽

Bismah Riaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Interns And Residents ◽

The Mean

Aim: To assess prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress in medical students, interns, and residents in Pakistan Study design: Cross-sectional Survey (Questionnaire) based study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from March 2020 to May 2020. Results: 104 participants were included in the study. There was female predominance 58(55.8%), and the mean age was 23.55±1.42. The overall mean score of depression and anxiety was 21.2±12.67 and 15.7±10.67 respectively and most prevalent in third and fourth-year residents. The mean stress score was 13.7, 10. 27. Twenty-eight (26.9%) of the overall participants had extremely severe depression, 36 (34.6 %) had extremely severe anxiety and 13(12.5%) had severe stress. Doctors studying and practicing in the private sector have a higher DASS21 score (p = < 0.006) Conclusion: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the poor mental health of health care workers, including financial trouble, sleep deprivation, abuse from colleagues, high expectations, female gender, broken relationships, and substance misuse. Keywords: Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Medical, Mental Health Problem Solving, Psychological Distress,

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The Current Situation of Internet Addiction and Its Impact on Sleep Quality and Self-Injury Behavior in Chinese Medical Students

Psychiatry Investigation ◽

10.30773/pi.2019.0131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 237-242

Author(s):

Yanqiu Wang ◽

Ying Zhao ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Dong Ai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Injury ◽

Chinese Medical Students ◽

Self Harm

Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional survey is to explore the current state of Internet addiction (IA) in Chinese medical students and its connection with medical students’ sleep quality and self-injury behavior.Methods Respondents were came from Wannan Medical College, China. The Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Harm Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. A total of 3,738 medical students were investigated, 1,552 (41.52%) males, 2,186 (58.48%) females. T-test, chi-square test and MANOVA were used for data analysis.Results Of the 3,738 medical students, 1,054 (28.2%) reported having IA, 1,126 (30.1%) reported having poor sleep quality, 563 (15.1%) having self-harm behaviors. IA tends to be more female, upper grade students. The sleep quality of IA was worse than that of non-IA (χ<sup>2</sup>=54.882, p<0.001), and the possibility of self-injury was higher than non-IA (χ<sup>2</sup>=107.990, p<0.001).Conclusion This survey shows that the IA detection rate of medical students was 28.2%. Females, higher grade students had a higher IA detection rate. The low sleep quality and self-injury behavior of medical students are associated with IA.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Medical Students, interns and residents in Pakistan

10.53350/pjmhs211592215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2215-2218

Author(s):

Anum Arif ◽

Minahil Iram ◽

Sabih Nofal ◽

Aima Sohail ◽

Bismah Riaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Interns And Residents ◽

The Mean

Aim: To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress in medical students, interns and residents in Pakistan Study design: Cross-sectional Survey (Questionnaire) based study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from March 2020 to May 2020. Results: 104 participants were included in the study. There was female predominance 58(55.8%), and the mean age was 23.55±1.42. The overall mean score of depression and anxiety was 21.2±12.67 and 15.7±10.67 respectively and most prevalent in third and fourth-year residents. The mean stress score was 13.7, 10. 27. Twenty-eight (26.9%) of the overall participants had extremely severe depression, 36 (34.6 %) had extremely severe anxiety and 13(12.5%) had severe stress. Conclusion: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the poor mental health of health care workers, including financial trouble, sleep deprivation, abuse from colleagues, high expectations, female gender, broken relationships, and substance misuse. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in common in medical students. This calls for the development of strategies, workshops, and programs to identify modifiable stressors, encourage students to reach out to their family members and their teachers to verbalize their issues, and make psychiatric consultation accessible to them. Keywords: Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Medical, Mental Health Problem Solving, Psychological Distress,

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Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.775374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Eleftheriou ◽

Aikaterini Rokou ◽

Aikaterini Arvaniti ◽

Evangelia Nena ◽

Paschalis Steiropoulos

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Online Survey ◽

Female Students ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Special Focus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Parameters

Background-Aim: Medical students have been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to their educational program, which comprises theoretical knowledge and also clinical duties, making them vulnerable to viral exposures and possibly affecting their everyday life. The aim of this study was to explore changes in sleep and mental health parameters among medical students in Greece during the second year of the pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised students of all medical schools in Greece (n = 7), using an anonymous online survey. Participants completed the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Statistical analysis was conducted with the use of SPSS v.26 (IBM SPSS, Armonk NY, USA).Results: Out of the 562 received responses, 559 met the inclusion criteria. The largest proportion of the respondents came from 4th-year (27.8%) and the majority of the sample were females (69.8%). Only 5.9% of the participants reported having been infected by SARS-COV-2. Most of the respondents experienced insomnia (65.9%, mean AIS score: 7.59 ± 4.24), poor sleep quality (52.4%, mean PSQI score: 6.6 ± 3.25) and increased fatigue (48.5%, mean 35.82 ± 11.74). Moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (mean 9.04 ± 5.66) and depression (mean 9.36 ± 6.15) were noted. Suicidal ideation was found in 16.7% of the sample, while use of sleeping pills in the previous month was reported by 8.8% (n = 47). Further analysis revealed independent associations between sleep and mental health parameters. Higher AIS score was associated with greater FSS score; higher PSQI scores with higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Additionally, female students were found to be significantly more affected than males by the COVID-19 pandemic, displaying higher levels of insomnia, sleep disturbances, anxiety and depression. In addition, those with a history of COVID-19 infection or in close proximity with a positive case reported significantly more significant post-traumatic symptoms in IES-COVID-19 questionnaire.Conclusions: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders among Greek medical students is significant, highlighting the need for better surveillance of students' wellbeing and subsequent counseling, with special focus on female students and other affected groups.

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Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17172/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yeen Huang ◽

Ning Zhao

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based

Abstract Background China has been severely affected by COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) since December, 2019. This study aimed to assess the population mental health burden during the epidemic, and to explore the potential influence factors. Methods Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CES-D), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regressions were used to identify influence factors associated with mental health problem. Results Of the total sample analyzed, the overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people ( P <0.001). Compared with other occupational group, healthcare workers have the highest rate of poor sleep quality ( P <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and times to focus on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were associated with poor sleep quality. Conclusions Our study identified a major mental health burden of the public during COVID-19 epidemic in China. Young people, people who spent too much time on the epidemic, and healthcare workers were at high risk for mental illness. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.

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Sleep Quality among Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (222) ◽

Author(s):

Nabin Sundas ◽

Saransh Ghimire ◽

Suzit Bhusal ◽

Rakshya Pandey ◽

Krishna Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Medical students are under constant stress due to demanding academic load, fearof exam failure and hectic schedules. These factors can lead to poor sleep quality among medicalstudents. Sleep quality of medical students not only determine their academic performance but isalso important in determining long term effect on cognitive, psychosocial, behavioural as well asphysical health of individuals. Although there are not enough recent studies to assess sleep qualityof students, it is necessary to evaluate the condition of sleep among students. This study aims to findout the prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional was conducted among undergraduate medical studentsof Kathmandu Medical College from October to November 2019 after taking ethical clearance fromInstitutional Review Committee of a tertiary care hospital before collecting data from participants.Subjects were recruited by simple random sampling from students of first, second, third and finalyears and were asked to fill the self-reported questionnaires, using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Descriptive statistical analysis was done using Statistical Software for Social Sciences version 24. Results: Out of 217 selected medical students, 96 (44.23%) of students have poor sleep quality withprevalence among male and female students as 41 (39.8%) and 55 (48.2%) respectively. The meanduration of sleep among students was 6.7±1.6 hours. Conclusions: Significant numbers of medical students have poor sleep quality which may affecttheir academic performance and may have long term impact on their health. Efforts must be directedtowards educating about the sleep hygiene as well as proper time management skills.

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Poor Sleep Quality among Medical Students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and Its Association with Mental Health and other Factors

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v19i2.1564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Said AH ◽

Yusof MZ ◽

Mohd FN ◽

Azmi MANH ◽

Mohd Hanapiah H ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional

INTRODUCTION: Poor sleep quality is a common problem experienced by medical students worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and its association with mental health and other factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling was conducted among 500 medical students in IIUM Kuantan. A validated self-reported questionnaire including sociodemographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression Anxiety Stress Score 21 was distributed from 15th July to 31st August 2019. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality. Chi- square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent sample T-test, and multiple logistic regression were used to measure the association between risk factors and sleep quality. RESULT: The response rate was 91.2%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 59.6%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed level of study (clinical year (AOR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.29 - 0.66) and depression (yes (AOR: 1.71, 95% CI 1.03-2.83) contributed independently on poor sleep quality among medical students. There was no significant relationship between tahajjud practice and poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION: More than half of IIUM medical students have poor sleep quality. Those students who were in the pre-clinical year and had depression were independently associated with the occurrence of poor sleep quality. Early intervention is compulsory to overcome this problem among medical students in IIUM.

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Association of sleep disorder with academic performance among medical students in Sudan

Russian Open Medical Journal ◽

10.15275/rusomj.2020.0208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mubashir Zafar ◽

Eltigani Osman Musa Omer ◽

Mohamed Elfatih Hassan ◽

Khalid Ansari

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Academic Performance ◽

Performance Results

Background — Sleep disorder is a common problem amongst medical students. The objective of this study is to determine the association of sleep disorder with academic performances among medical students in Sudan. Methods — A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 199 medical students were selected through simple random sampling techniques. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used to assess the sleep pattern and daytime sleepiness respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of sleep disorder with academic performance. Results — Majority of the students (82.5%) suffered poor sleep quality and 56.5% were suffered from severe day time sleepiness. All the characteristics of sleep quality were associated with poor academic performance but only sleep duration, use of sleep medication, global PSQI score and day time sleepiness were a statistically significant association with poor academic performance. Conclusion — A high prevalence of sleep disorder and its associated with poor academic performance was found in medical students. There is a need for a formulation of policies to address the factors which affect sleep of students.

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Burnout among medical students in Cyprus: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241335 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonios Nteveros ◽

Marios Kyprianou ◽

Artemios Artemiadis ◽

Antrianthi Charalampous ◽

Kallistheni Christoforaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Short Form ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Student Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Linear Effect

Objectives The primary aim was to estimate the burnout prevalence among all medical students at the Medical School of the University of Cyprus. Secondary aims were to ascertain the predictors of burnout and its relationship with lifestyle habits, sleep quality and mental health. Background Burnout in the healthcare sector has drawn significant scientific attention over the last few years. Recent research underscored the large burden of profession-related burnout among medical students. Materials and methods An anonymous questionnaire was administered to all 189 eligible candidates. This included demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Sleep quality was assessed via the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, mental health was assessed via the mental health (MH) domain of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI-SS). Results Overall response rate was 96.3%. The burnout prevalence was 18.1%. There was a significant linear effect of between the year of studies and the burnout frequency [F(1) = 5.09, p = 0.024], implying that with increasing academic year there were more students with burnout, especially after the 4th year of education which signifies the beginning of clinical education. Students with burnout were more likely to have poor sleep quality (90.9% vs. 60.8%, odds ratio 4.33, p = 0.023) and worse mental health (MH score 40.2 ± 17.7 vs 62.9 ± 20.3, p<0.001). Alcohol consumers had more symptoms of cynicism and less feelings of efficacy than non-alcohol consumers. Moreover, less feelings of efficacy were significantly associated with more alcohol consumption among alcohol consumers. Conclusions Burnout is prevalent in medical students and increases significantly during the clinical years. Students with burnout have worse sleep and mental health and might use alcohol as a coping mechanism. Implementing prevention strategies of burnout may be beneficial.

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