Primary breast tuberculosis: imaging findings of a rare disease

AbstractBreast tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis which tends to affect females of reproductive age, and is much rarer in males, postmenopausal women, and pre-pubescent girls. It is difficult to diagnose because it can mimic benign conditions such as a fibroadenoma, as well as malignant diseases like a carcinoma. It is also particularly difficult to distinguish breast tuberculosis from granulomatous mastitis, so other possible diagnoses should be ruled out first. The diagnosis of breast tuberculosis has three essential pillars: clinical examination, radiological evaluations, and histopathological sampling. Radiological evaluations are not only critical in diagnosis but are also important in the planning of the treatment and during the follow-up. This paper aims to review the imaging findings and the differential diagnosis of breast tuberculosis.

Download Full-text

A Case of Primary Tuberculosis Mastitis Revealed By a Chronical Skin Fistula

10.47363/jprsr/2021(2)107 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

S Sialiti ◽

◽

K Znati ◽

Keyword(s):

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Breast Disease ◽

Rare Form ◽

Primary Tuberculosis ◽

Breast Tuberculosis ◽

Skin Fistula

Breast tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, even in endemic countries. Its frequency is low both in tuberculosis localization (0.06 to 0.1%) as well as in breast disease (0.025 to 4.5%)

Download Full-text

Spinal Clear Cell Meningioma: Atypical Clinical and Radiological Manifestations

Case Reports in Surgery ◽

10.1155/2021/9998399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Mohammad Nasser Alsadiq ◽

Zainab Shaker Albarbari ◽

Fatimah Alshakhs ◽

Muath Ali Alduayji ◽

Shaymaa Al-Umran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance Image ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Rare Form ◽

Complete Excision ◽

Motor Weakness ◽

Clear Cell Meningioma ◽

Space Occupying Lesion

Meningioma has many subtypes with clear cell meningioma being more aggressive than other variants of meningioma and one of the rarest. We report a case of spinal clear cell meningioma that occurred in a 25-year-old lady who presented with the inability to be in the supine position. A magnetic resonance image showed an intradural mass extending from L1 to L4. Near complete excision was done. The patient had motor weakness postoperatively which improved gradually. A histopathological study showed a clear cell meningioma. In a differential diagnosis of any space-occupying lesion of the spine, clear cell meningioma should be considered though it is a rare form of meningioma due to its potential to recure. An accurate follow-up is warranted.

Download Full-text

Granulomatous Mastitis and Sarcoidosis Differential Diagnosis: A Case Report

Case Reports in Clinical Practice ◽

10.18502/crcp.v4i3.1710 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sepehr Sahraiyan ◽

Mahsa Abbaszadeh ◽

Nasim Khajavi Rad ◽

Sahar Karimpour Reyhan ◽

Ali Afshari

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Erythema Nodosum ◽

Pathological Diagnosis ◽

Definite Diagnosis ◽

Granulomatous Mastitis ◽

Inflammatory Drug

Granulomatous mastitis is a pathological diagnosis with a variety of causes, and its treatment depends on the underlying cause. We report a case of granulomatous mastitis in a 25-year-old woman admitted with erythema nodosum and an unresponded acute inflammatory mastitis to treatment. It was challenging for us to make a definite diagnosis between sarcoidosis and idiopathic lobular granulomatous mastitis for her. In the end, our diagnosis was sarcoidosis because of dactylitis we found in her physical examination which responded dramatically to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment. We started therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressant drugs and offered her continuous follow-up.

Download Full-text

BREAST TUBERCULOSIS-A RARE PRESENTATION OF COMMON DISEASE WITH DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGE.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i4.1075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Swagata Brahmachari ◽

Shashwati Nema ◽

Padma . ◽

VK Ramnani ◽

Vaishali Bhagat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Smear Microscopy ◽

Common Disease ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis ◽

Breast Tuberculosis ◽

Caseating Granuloma

Background: Breast tuberculosis is a rare extra pulmonary tuberculosis presentation usually misdiagnosed as carcinoma, pyogenic abscess or idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Detection of tubercular bacilli by ZN stain, culture and CBNAAT along with caseating granuloma on histopathology helps in diagnosis. Aims and Objectives: To study the clinico-pathological characteristic of breast tuberculosis and diagnostic accuracy of CBNAAT for early and specific diagnosis in reference to histopathological test Material and Methods: 38 cases of BTB between August2012 to July 2017 were studied. Culture for acid-fast bacilli, smear positivity on Z-N staining, CBNAAT, and cytological and histological examination was done for confirmation. Results: Prevalence of BTB in this study was found to be 3.95% .The risk factors were reproductive age (20-35), multiparity, lactation and low socioeconomic status. Unilateral lump in the upper outer and central quadrant of the breast was the commonest observation. Only 34.2% were diagnosed provisionally as BTB rest 73.68% were misdiagnosed as fibroadenoma, breast abscess and malignancy Clinically nodulo-caseous variety(55.6 %) disseminated (18.4%) and tubercular abscess (26.3%) were seen. Sensitivity of ZN staining, culture, FNAC and histopathology is 15.8%,5.8%, 74% ,100%respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the CBNAAT test were 81.818%, 93.103%, 93.10%, and 81.82% respectively.39.4% were cured completely with ATT with 60.52% with residual lesions needed surgery Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and aggressive medical and if required surgical management to cure this disease. CBNAAT should be used as an additional test to conventional smear microscopy, culture, FNAC and histology. Keywords: Breast tuberculosis, CBNAAT, Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, breast lump

Download Full-text

Penile leiomyosarcoma

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh170413135g ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (3-4) ◽

pp. 215-217

Author(s):

Dragan Grbic ◽

Alexander Cantrell ◽

Nenad Solajic ◽

Miso Dukic ◽

Ivan Levakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Disease ◽

Early Stage ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

Diagnostic Workup ◽

Rare Form

Introduction. Leiomyosarcoma of the penis (LSP) is an extremely rare form of penile tumor. LSP can be divided into two subtypes: deep and superficial. The goal of this manuscript is to present very rear case of LSP. Case outline. On exam, the patient presented with a slowly ?growing penile bump?, for which an initial diagnosis of non-inflamed penile atheroma was given. Further diagnostic workup was omitted. Outpatient excisional biopsy was performed, and the tumor was sent for pathohistological examina-tion (PHE), which revealed LSP. The patient has not received any further treatment. The most recent follow up was 2.5 years after surgery, and the patient continues to do well without any complications. Conclusion. LSP is an extremely rare disease which can be cured if it is diagnosed in its early stage. PHE is necessary for diagnosis of LSP.

Download Full-text

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Imaging Features beyond the Chest

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal ◽

10.1016/j.carj.2012.07.002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 319-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kelly A. MacLean ◽

Annalisa K. Becker ◽

Silvia D. Chang ◽

Alison C. Harris

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Pictorial Review ◽

Breast Tuberculosis ◽

High Risk Populations ◽

High Index Of Suspicion

The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate the various imaging findings of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Manifestations of cardiac, central nervous system, head and neck, musculoskeletal, abdominal, genitourinary, and breast tuberculosis will be discussed. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis presents a difficult diagnostic challenge for the radiologist and requires a high index of suspicion, particularly in high-risk populations.

Download Full-text

Effect of pregnancy on hemangioblastoma development and progression in von Hippel-Lindau disease

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2012.7.jns12367 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 117 (5) ◽

pp. 818-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Donald Y. Ye ◽

Kamran D. Bakhtian ◽

Ashok R. Asthagiri ◽

Russell R. Lonser

Keyword(s):

Growth Rates ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Von Hippel Lindau ◽

Pregnancy Cohort ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Von Hippel Lindau Disease ◽

The Mean ◽

Vhl Disease

Object Prior cases suggest that pregnancy increases the development and progression of CNS hemangioblastomas and/or peritumoral cysts. To determine the effect of pregnancy on CNS hemangioblastomas and peritumoral cysts, the authors prospectively evaluated serial clinical and imaging findings in patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who became pregnant and compared findings during pregnancy to findings in the same patients when they were not pregnant as well as to findings from a cohort of VHL patients who did not become pregnant. Methods Female VHL disease patients enrolled in a prospective natural history study who were of reproductive age (16–35 years at study entrance) were included. Analysis of serial clinical and imaging findings was performed. Results Thirty-six consecutive female VHL disease patients harboring 177 hemangioblastomas were included (mean follow-up [± SD] 7.5 ± 2.3 years). Nine patients (25%) became pregnant (pregnancy cohort). The mean rates of development of new hemangioblastomas and peritumoral cysts in these women during pregnancy (0.4 ± 0.4 tumors/year; 0.1 ± 0.2 cysts/year) did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from the mean rates in the same group during nonpregnant periods (0.3 ± 0.4 tumors/year; 0.1 ± −0.1 cysts/year) or from the rate in the 27 patients who did not become pregnant (the no-pregnancy cohort: 0.3 ± 0.5 tumors/year; 0.1 ± 0.2 cysts/year). Hemangioblastoma growth rates were similar (p > 0.05) during pregnancy (mean 29.8% ± 42.7% increase in volume per year) compared with during nonpregnant periods (41.4% ± 51.4%) in the pregnancy cohort and the no-pregnancy cohort (34.3% ± 55.3%). Peritumoral cyst growth rates during pregnancy (571.0% ± 887.4%) were similar (p > 0.05) to those of the no-pregnancy cohort (483.9% ± 493.9%), but the rates were significantly higher for women in the pregnancy cohort during nonpregnant periods (2373.6% ± 3392.9%; p < 0.05 for comparison with no-pregnancy cohort). There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the need for resection or the mean age at resection between the pregnancy (28% of hemangioblastomas in cohort; mean patient age at resection 30.2 ± 2.6 years) and no-pregnancy cohorts (19%; 32.3 ± 5.6 years). Conclusions Pregnancy is not associated with increased hemangioblastoma or peritumoral cyst development or progression in patients with VHL disease.

Download Full-text

Splenic Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2004-128-e146-spacra ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 128 (11) ◽

pp. e146-e148 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alexandra N. Kalof ◽

Bradbury Fuller ◽

Maureen Harmon

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Acute Abdomen ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Critical Importance ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Rare Form ◽

Extrauterine Pregnancy

Abstract Primary splenic pregnancy is the least common form of extrauterine pregnancy. We report a case of splenic pregnancy occurring in a 29-year-old woman presenting with acute abdomen and hemoperitoneum. Recognition of this rare form of gestation is of critical importance, owing to the risk of exsanguination and death, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in women of reproductive age.

Download Full-text

Abdominal Pregnancy Implanted in the Spleen: A Case Report

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/akmmcj.v2i2.8171 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 36-38

Author(s):

Md Nure Alom Siddiqui ◽

Md Tohurul Islam ◽

Fatema Siddiqua ◽

Shahnaj Sultana ◽

Abu Bakar Siddique

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Key Words ◽

Acute Abdomen ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Abdominal Pregnancy ◽

Critical Importance ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Rare Form ◽

Extrauterine Pregnancy

Primary splenic pregnancy is the least common form of extrauterine pregnancy. We report a case of splenic pregnancy occurring in a 30-year-old woman presenting with acute abdomen and hemoperitoneum. Recognition of this rare form of gestation is of critical importance, owing to the risk of exsanguinations and death, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in women of reproductive age. We report a case of primary splenic pregnancy complicated by hemoperitoneum. Key Words : Ectopic Splenic Pregnancy; Acute Abdomen; Reproductive Age DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v2i2.8171 AKMMC J 2011; 2(2): 36-38

Download Full-text