scholarly journals Design of a culture medium for optimal growth of the bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas indica H32 allowing its production as biopesticide and biofertilizer

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana Morales-Borrell ◽  
Nemecio González-Fernández ◽  
Néstor Mora-González ◽  
Carlos Pérez-Heredia ◽  
Ana Campal-Espinosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

Abstract Culture medium composition is one of the most important parameters to analyze in biotechnological processes with industrial purposes. The aim of this study was to design of a culture medium for optimal growth of the bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas indica H32 allowing its production as biopesticide and biofertilizer. The influence of several carbon and nitrogen sources and their molar ratios on P. indica H32 growth was investigated. The effect of different micronutrients such as mineral salts and vitamin on P. indica H32 growth was determined as well. A mixture design based on Design-Expert 10.0 Software was performed to optimize the culture medium concentration. Finally, in the designed medium, an attribute of the biological mechanism of action of the P. indica H32 against nematodes, was evaluated: the hydrogen sulfide production. It was found that tested carbon/nitrogen ratios were not a significant influence on P. indica H32 growth. Growth of P. indica H32 was favored with use of sucrose, yeast extract and phosphate buffer without the addition of any tested micronutrients. An optimal concentration of 10 g/L sucrose and 5 g/L yeast extract were obtained at a cost of 0.10 $/L. In this concentration, the specific growth rate (µ) and maximal optical density (Xmax) were equal to 0.439 h− 1 and 8.00 respectively. It was evidenced that under the culture conditions used, P. indica H32 produced hydrogen sulfide. The designed medium led to a 1.08 $/L reduction of costs in comparison to LB medium. These results were critical to carry on with biotechnological development of P. indica H32 as a bioproduct.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR MYCELIAL GROWTH OF Macrolepiota procera MUSHROOM

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Aysun Pekşen ◽  
Beyhan Kibar
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
The Public ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Macrolepiota Procera

Macrolepiota procera, commonly called the Parasol Mushroom, is a delicious mushroom collected from the nature and commonly consumed by the public in many regions of Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the optimum culture conditions (pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources) for mycelial growth of M. procera. Three pH values (pH 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0), four incubation temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30°C), seven carbon (C) sources (dextrose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose) and six nitrogen (N) sources ((NH4)2HPO4, NH4NO3 and Ca(NO3)2, malt extract, peptone and yeast extract) were investigated. In the second step of the study, the effect of seven pH values (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0) on the mycelial colony diameter was examined at 20 and 25°C since these temperatures gave the best mycelial growth in the previously conducted temperature experiment. The best mycelial growth was determined at pH 6.0. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of M. procera was found as 25°C. The use of glucose as carbon source and yeast extract and peptone as nitrogen source in the culture medium gave the best results for mycelial growth. Determining of optimum culture conditions for mycelial growth of M. procera will provide important contributions to the fortcoming studies on it’s commercially cultivation in Turkey.

scholarly journals β-Fructofuranosidase andβ–D-Fructosyltransferase from NewAspergillus carbonariusPC-4 Strain Isolated from Canned Peach Syrup: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Enzyme Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Carvalho do Nascimento ◽  
Ryhára Dias Batista ◽  
Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral Santos ◽  
Ezequiel Marcelino da Silva ◽  
Fabrício Coutinho de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Pure Carbon ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) andβ-D-fructosyltransferase (FTase) are enzymes used in industrial processes to hydrolyze sucrose aiming to produce inverted sugar syrup or fructooligosaccharides. In this work, a blackAspergillussp. PC-4 was selected among six filamentous fungi isolated from canned peach syrup which were initially screened for invertase production. Cultivations with pure carbon sources showed that invertase and FTase were produced from glucose and sucrose, but high levels were also obtained from raffinose and inulin. Pineapple crown was the best complex carbon source for invertase (6.71 U/mL after 3 days of cultivation) and FTase production (14.60 U/mL after 5 days of cultivation). Yeast extract and ammonium chloride nitrogen sources provided higher production of invertase (6.80 U/mL and 6.30 U/mL, respectively), whereas ammonium nitrate and soybean protein were the best nitrogen sources for FTase production (24.00 U/mL and 24.90 U/mL, respectively). Fermentation parameters for invertase using yeast extract wereYP/S= 536.85 U/g andPP= 1.49 U/g/h. FTase production showed values ofYP/S= 2,627.93 U/g andPP= 4.4 U/h using soybean protein. The screening for best culture conditions showed an increase of invertase production values by 5.10-fold after 96 h cultivation compared to initial experiments (fungi bioprospection), while FTase production increased by 14.60-fold (44.40 U/mL) after 168 h cultivation.A. carbonariusPC-4 is a new promising strain for invertase and FTase production from low cost carbon sources, whose synthesized enzymes are suitable for the production of inverted sugar, fructose syrups, and fructooligosaccharides.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the process conditions for the production of microbial carotenoids by the recently isolated Rhodotorula mucilaginosa URM 7409

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whallans Raphael Couto Machado ◽  
Lucas Gomes da Silva ◽  
Ellen Silva Lago Vanzela ◽  
Vanildo Luiz Del Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Microbial Carotenoids

Abstract This study aimed to improve the physical and nutritional process conditions for the production of carotenoids by the newly isolated Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a red basidiomycete yeast. The carotenoid bioproduction was improved using an experimental design technique, changing the process characteristics of agitation (130 rpm to 230 rpm) and temperature (25 °C to 35 °C) using seven experiments, followed by a 25-1 fractional design to determine the relevant factors that constitute the culture medium (glucose, malt extract, yeast extract, peptone and initial pH). A complete second order experimental design was then carried out to optimize the composition of the culture medium, the variables being yeast extract (0.5 to 3.5 g/L), peptone (1 to 5 g/L) and the initial pH (5.5 to 7.5), with 17 experiments. The maximum carotenoid production was 4164.45 μg/L (252.99 μg/g), obtained in 144 h in YM (yeast malt) medium with 30 g/L glucose, 10 g/L malt extract, 2 g/L yeast extract, 3 g/L peptone, an initial pH 6, 130 rpm and 25 °C, demonstrating the potential of this yeast as a source of bio-pigments. In this work, the nitrogen sources were the factors that most influenced the intracellular accumulation of carotenoids. The yeast R. mucilaginosa presented high production at a bench level and may be promising for commercial production.

Optimisation of Tissue Culture Conditions for Transformation Studies Using Immature Embryos of Australian Barley Cultivars

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Walmsley ◽  
RJ Henry ◽  
RG Birch
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Immature Embryos ◽  
Systematic Testing ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Key Variables

Eight Australian barley cultivars were tested for efficiency of embryonic callus initiation and plant regeneration, from immature embryo explants in tissue culture. Optimisation of tissue culture conditions was performed for cultivars Bandulla, Clipper, Schooner and Tallon in an attempt to increase regeneration frequencies to levels suitable for genetic engineering of barley. Variables tested were 2,4-D concentration, salt composition, carbon source and immature embryo explant. Optimal culture medium composition varied between cultivars. Shoot regeneration rates from culture of isolated scutellar tissues were low for all four cultivars. Halved, immature embryos produced most shoots for cultivars Clipper, Schooner and Tallon, whereas Bandulla performed best with entire immature embryo explants. Clipper (a malting barley) and Bandulla (a feed barley) are suggested as model Australian cultivars for transformation studies. Immature embryos of Bandulla produced an average of 5.3 shoots and Clipper 10.1 shoots per embryo under optimal conditions. Our results show that rates of somatic embryo and plant regeneration sufficient for use in transformation studies can be achieved for diverse Australian Barley cultivars, through systematic testing of a range of key variables including explant type and medium composition.

scholarly journals OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTION BY Lactobacillus plantarum T10

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4A) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Tran Bao Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Exopolysaccharide Production ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mrs Broth

Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production ability of Lactobacillus plantarumT10 was studied. The supplement of some sugars (lactose, saccharose, and glucose) gave the positive effects on EPS production of L. plantarum T10, in which the addition of lactose 4 % resulted in the most efficiency for EPS yield (274.83 μg/mL). The addition of 0.4 % of yeast extract into culture medium with 4 % lactose provided the highest EPS yields compared to other nitrogen sources (peptone, beef extract), which were 378.32 mg/mL. The optimal conditions for EPS production of L. plantarum T10 in MRS broth with 4 % of lactose and 0.4 % yeast extract supplement were also studied. The results indicated that the highest EPS yield (417.11 mg/L) was obtained in the conditions of 106 CFU/ml initial cell density, temperature of 35 oC, pH 5.5 and 48 h incubation.

Croissance et activité cellulaire du Brevibacterium casei NCDO 2049 dans du perméat de lactosérum

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1180-1188
Author(s):  
K. M. Oulé ◽  
G. Turcotte ◽  
Y. Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Whey Permeate ◽  
The Media ◽  
Influence Of Ph

Growth and cellular activity of Brevibacterium casei NCDO 2049 were studied in a whey permeate as basic culture medium. The possible inhibitory effect of the carbone substrate (undiluted or diluted permeate) on growth was investigated as well as the influence of pH of the media (controlled or not) and of the addition of nitrogen sources (organic or inorganic) or growth factors such as yeast extract or vitamin B12. Growth in undiluted permeate produced a maximal biomass (6.5 × 109 cfu/mL) that was nearly twice as much as that in diluted permeate (3.8 × 109 cfu/mL). The carbone substrate (lactose) had no inhibitory effect on growth. In undiluted permeate and an uncontrolled pH, maximal biomass was reached after 36 h of incubation, while in a pH controlled medium, twice as much time was required to obtain an equivalent biomass. In undiluted permeate and an uncontrolled pH, growth in the presence of peptone reached 22.6 × 109 cfu/mL and, in the presence of (NH4)2SO4, 12.4 × 109 cfu/mL. Adding growth factors to media with peptone resulted in the reduction of 90% of initial lactose in the presence of yeast extract and of 75% in the presence of B12 vitamin. This study indicates the possibility of reducing lactose in whey permeate when cultivating strains of the genus Brevibacterium used as maturing bacteria for certain cheese types.Key words: whey permeate, Brevibacterium casei, lactose.[Journal translation]

Biochemical transformations of herbicide-derived anilines in culture medium and in soil

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1857-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Bordeleau ◽  
R. Bartha
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

A correlation was established between peroxidase activity of soil and its capacity to transform 3,4-dichloroaniline, a breakdown product of several herbicides, to 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachloroazobenzene. Supplementation of soil by carbon and nitrogen sources for microbial growth stimulated both activities, and pointed to the microbial origin of soil peroxidases. Several peroxidase-producing bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi were isolated from soil and were characterized. On the basis of its rapid growth and high peroxidase activity, a Geotrichum candidum strain was selected for further study. The culture filtrate of this organism exhibited both peroxidase and aniline oxidase activity. The highest per milligram dry weight activity of these enzymes was observed after cultivation on a mineral salts medium supplemented with soil extract and yeast extract.

Optimization of Culture Medium and Conditions for Bacillus coagulans T242 Producing Thermostable Lactase

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1259-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Qian ◽  
Shu Juan Jiang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Guang Qing Mu
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Lactase Activity ◽  
Enhanced Production

A thermotolerant lactase-producing strain Bacillus coagulans T242 was obtained in our previous work, its media and culture conditions were investigated and optimized for enhanced production of lactase in the present work. Results showed medium containing 1.5% lactose, 1.0% peptone, 1.5% yeast extract, 0.7% MgSO4, and pH 8.0, was the optimum medium; And its optimum culture conditions were the age of bacterial culture 36 h, inoculation volume 2%, liquid medium volume loaded 30 mL/250 mL flask, 60 °C, 36 h. When cultured at the optimum condition Bacillus coagulans T242 yielded the maximum of 1.21U/mL lactase activity.

Production and properties of α-amylase fromBacillussp. BKL20

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha I. Kubrak ◽  
Janet M. Storey ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey ◽  
Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Bivalent Metal ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Ph Range

As a result of screening Bacillus sp. strains isolated from different natural substrates, strain BKL20 was identified as a producer of a thermostable alkaline α-amylase. Maximum production of this α-amylase was achieved by optimizing culture conditions. Production of α-amylase seemed to be independent of the presence of starch in the culture medium and was stimulated by the presence of peptone (0.3%, m/v) and yeast extract (0.2%, m/v). The enzyme was thermostable and retained amylolytic activity after 30 min of incubation at 60 and 70 °C. High activity was maintained over a broad pH range, from 6.0 to 11.0, and the enzyme remained active after alkaline incubation for 24 h. Bacillus sp. BKL20 α-amylase was not stimulated by Ca2+or other bivalent metal cations and was not inhibited by EGTA or EDTA at 1–10 mmol/L, suggesting that this α-amylase is a Ca2+-independent enzyme. It also showed good resistance to both oxidizing (H2O2) and denaturating (urea) agents.

MICROBIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION OF QUERCITRIN

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus Group

A number of molds and bacteria were screened for their ability to degrade quercitrin. The molds, but not the bacteria, were particularly active and produced carbon monoxide. The degradation of quercitrin is dependent upon the synthesis of an inducible glycosidase (quercitrinase). This enzyme is synthesized by only a few members of the Aspergillus flavus group. Two of these strains synthesized quercitrinase and excreted it and other enzymes into the culture medium. Maximum production of quercitrinase was obtained with organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract or phytone. Quercitrinase is induced by readily metabolized flavonols and flavonol-glycosides. The glycosidase is quite specific, liberating the rhamnose from the 3-position of quercitrin and myricitrin and the 7-position of robinin. The aglycone, quercetin, is subsequently metabolized to carbon monoxide and the depside of phloroglucinol-carboxylic acid and proto-catechuic acid. Evidence is also presented for an alternative pathway for the metabolism of the flavonol nucleus.

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