scholarly journals Early transplanting of rainfed rice minimizes irrigation demand by utilizing rainfall

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Belal Hossain ◽  
Debjit Roy ◽  
Mir Nurul Hasan Mahmud ◽  
Priya Lal Chandra Paul ◽  
Mst. Shetara Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Irrigation Demand ◽  
Reproductive Phase

Abstract Background Rainfall is the key contributor to provide soil moisture for wet season rice (T. Aman) cultivation. Erratic rainfall often causes water shortage resulting negative impact on plant growth and grain yield. The study aimed to determine suitable transplanting window that utilize maximum rainfall for T. Aman rice. Firstly, three years field experiment were conducted in Kushtia, Bangladesh from T. Aman, 2013 to 2015, and then the findings were implemented for another two adjacent locations, Panba and Rajshahi. The field experiment considered six transplanting dates of popular cultivar BR11 (growth duration 145 days) at 7 days interval starting from 10 July to 14 August. The CROPWAT 8.0 model was used to calculate crop water requirement (CWR), effective rainfall and irrigation demand (ID) from collected weather data in each growth phase of rice. Results In all locations T. Aman rice received enormous rainfall up to vegetative phase resulting no irrigation demand in all three tested years. The early transplanting received more rainfall in reproductive phase than late planting. Thus, Irrigation demand increased at reproductive phase with delay transplanting in moderate drought prone Kushtia, Pabna and Rajshahi. A significant relationship (R2 = 0.71) observed between reproductive phase ID and grain yield, while grain yield responded weakly with the ID at ripening phase. Based on yield performance 10–24 July found suitable transplanting window for BR11 in Kushtia. Considering the relationship between ID and grain yield, 10–17 July and 10–24 July considered the best transplanting window in Pabna and Rajshahi, respectively. Conclusions Location specific suitable transplanting windows were selected considering minimum ID at reproductive phase and the maximum grain yield. Delay in transplanting demanded more irrigation and reduced grain yield. Whereas, early transplanting utilized maximum rainfall, reduced ID in reproductive stage and ensured desired grain yield.

scholarly journals Early Transplanting of Rainfed Rice Minimizes Irrigation Demand by Utilizing Rainfall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Belal Hossain ◽  
Debjit Roy ◽  
Mir Nurul Hasan Mahmud ◽  
Priya Lal Chandra Paul ◽  
Mst. Shetara Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Irrigation Demand ◽  
Reproductive Phase

Abstract BackgroundRainfall is the key contributor to provide soil moisture for wet season rice (T. Aman) cultivation. Erratic rainfall often causes water shortage resulting negative impact on plant growth and grain yield. The study aimed to determine suitable transplanting window that utilized maximum rainfall for long duration (145 days) rice cultivar. Firstly, three years field experiment conducted in Kushtia, Bangladesh in T. Aman season from 2013 to 2015, and then the findings were implemented for another two adjacent locations, Panba and Rajshahi. The field experiment considered six transplanting dates of popular cultivar BR11 at 7 days interval starting from 10 July up to 14 August. The CROPWAT 8.0 model was used to calculate crop water requirement (CWR), effective rainfall and irrigation demand (ID) from collected weather data in each growth phase of rice. A suitable transplanting window was selected considering minimum ID at reproductive phase and the maximum grain yield. ResultsT. Aman rice received enormous rainfall and accounted no irrigation at vegetative phase in all three tested years in all locations. The early transplanting received more rainfall in reproductive phase than late planting practice. Thus, Irrigation demand increased at reproductive phase with delay transplanting in moderate drought prone Kushtia, Pabna and Rajshah. A significant relationship (R2 = 0.71) observed between ID at reproductive phase to grain yield, while grain yield responded weakly with the ID at ripening phase. Based on yield performance 10-24 July found suitable transplanting window for BR11 in Kushtia. Applying ID vs yield relationship, 10-17 July and 10-24 July considered the best transplanting window in Pabna and Rajshahi, respectively. ConclusionsDelay in transplanting demanded more irrigation and reduced yield. Consequently, early transplanting utilized maximum rainfall, reduced ID in reproductive stage and ensured desired grain yield.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Response Behaviour of Developed Promising Lines of T.Aman Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Saha ◽  
SMM Islam ◽  
M Akter ◽  
SK Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Percent Nitrogen ◽  
Promising Line

Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for rice. Modern high yielding rice varieties may have differences in accumulating and using N from soil and applied fertilizer. A field experiment with 8 rice genotypes was conducted during 2008 wet season (T.Aman season) to study the effect of different rates of N fertilization on the yield performance and nitrogen nutrition under irrigated condition. Among the tested varieties/lines, BR7155-20-1-3 produced the significantly highest grain yield of 5.04 t/ha at N30 level followed by Swarna (4.66 t/ha) at the same level of N with similar growth duration (140 days). Agronomic efficiency of added N ranged from 0.7 to 23.3 for the promising line   BR7155-20-1-3 and 3.3 to 27.0 for variety Swarna. Grain yield at No was the highest in BR7155-20-1-3 followed by the variety Swarna and the lowest in BR7870-5 *(Nils)- I 0-HR8. Percent nitrogen recovery ranged from 50 to 63 for variety Swarna and 13 to 30 for promising line BR7155-20-1-3. The promising line BR7155– 20-1-3 and the variety Swarna may be economically advantageous over the other varieties/ lines. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i2.11222 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(2): 207-213, June 2012  

scholarly journals Crop Performance and Water Productivity of Transplanted Rice as Affected by Seedling Age and Seedling Density under Alternate Wetting and Drying Conditions in Lao PDR

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubenito Lampayan ◽  
Phetmanyseng Xangsayasane ◽  
Crisanta Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Crop Performance

Drought is common under rainfed lowlands in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and with the uncertain onset of rains during the wet season, delay in transplanting results in yield reduction. This study aims to explore ways to ameliorate the negative influence of delayed transplanting on rice crop. A field experiment was conducted for two wet seasons to investigate the effect of seedling age and seedling density on crop performance in terms of grain yield and water productivity. The experiment was laid out in a split–split plot design in four replicates, with seedling age as the main plot, seedling density as the subplot, and varieties as the sub-sub plot. In both years, there were significant seedling age and variety interactions on grain yield. Higher grain yields were observed with older seedlings having stronger tillering propensity. Seedling density did not affect grain yields in both years, but on grain yield components. Shorter duration variety received less supplemental irrigation than longer duration varieties. Late transplanting improved total water productivity but decreased irrigation water productivity due to harvesting delay. The total crop growth duration (from sowing to maturity) was prolonged with transplanting delay. However, the total stay of plants in the main field (from transplanting to maturity) was reduced by 3–5 d for every 10 d delay in transplanting. The results indicated that a good selection of varieties and increasing seedling density improve crop performance and water productivity with delayed transplanting.

scholarly journals Agronomics Characteristics and Its Correlation of New Plant Type Promising Rice Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelita P. Lestari ◽  
Buang Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Junaedi ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Line Plant ◽  
Program Knowledge

<p>Karakteristik Agronomi dan Korelasinya pada Galurgalur Harapan Padi Tipe Baru. Dalam program pemuliaan tanaman padi diperlukan pengetahuan tentang karakter dan korelasinya dengan hasil gabah. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari karakter tanaman dan korelasinya dari 35 galur harapan PTB dengan Ciherang dan Sintanur sebagai varietas pembanding, ditanam di dua lokasi, Bogor dan Pusakanagara, pada MT 2009 (MK dan MH). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Bibit umur 21 hari ditanam satu bibit per lubang, jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm, pada petak berukuran 2 x 5 m2 per baris. Karakter tanaman bervariasi antargalur dan beberapa di antaranya berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding Ciherang dan Sintanur, kecuali untuk hasil gabah. B11742-RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 merupakan galur dengan postur tanaman terendah, hasil gabah rendah, dan umur terpendek. Sebagian besar galur mempunyai karakter padi tipe baru (PTB). Hasil gabah berkorelasi positif dengan semua karakter, tetapi hanya berkorelasi nyata dan positif dengan tinggi tanaman, berkisar antara 91,4-120,7 cm.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>In a plant breeding program, knowledge of the character and interrelationships among yield and yield contributing characters are necessary. This study was carried out to identify the plant character and its correlation between yield-correlated traits of 35 NPT rice promising lines with Ciherang and Sintanur as check varieties, planted in two locations, Bogor and Pusakanagara and two seasons (2009 dry and wet season, DS-WS). Those lines were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arrangement, in three replications. The 21-days-old seedling planted one seed per hole, spacing 20 cm x 20 cm, with a plot size of 2 x 5 m2 per line. Plant characters varied and were significantly different from Ciherang and Sintanur as check varieties except for grain yield. B11742- RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 was the line that had the lowest plant height, grain yield, and the shortest growth duration. Most of the lines had character as new plant type variety. Grain yield positively correlated with all characters, but only significantly and positively correlated with plant height at range from 91.4- 120.7 cm.</p>

scholarly journals Cloud Radar Observations of Diurnal and Seasonal Cloudiness over Reunion Island

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Jonathan Durand ◽  
Edouard Lees ◽  
Olivier Bousquet ◽  
Julien Delanoë ◽  
François Bonnardot
Keyword(s):  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Trade Winds ◽  
Cloud Radar ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

In November 2016, a 95 GHz cloud radar was permanently deployed in Reunion Island to investigate the vertical distribution of tropical clouds and monitor the temporal variability of cloudiness in the frame of the pan-European research infrastructure Aerosol, Clouds and Trace gases Research InfraStructure (ACTRIS). In the present study, reflectivity observations collected during the two first years of operation (2016–2018) of this vertically pointing cloud radar are relied upon to investigate the diurnal and seasonal cycle of cloudiness in the northern part of this island. During the wet season (December–March), cloudiness is particularly pronounced between 1–3 km above sea level (with a frequency of cloud occurrence of 45% between 12:00–19:00 LST) and 8–12 km (with a frequency of cloud occurrence of 15% between 14:00–19:00 LST). During the dry season (June–September), this bimodal vertical mode is no longer observed and the vertical cloud extension is essentially limited to a height of 3 km due to both the drop-in humidity resulting from the northward migration of the ITCZ and the capping effect of the trade winds inversion. The frequency of cloud occurrence is at its maximum between 13:00–18:00 LST, with a probability of 35% at 15 LST near an altitude of 2 km. The analysis of global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-derived weather data also shows that the diurnal cycle of low- (1–3 km) and mid-to-high level (5–10 km) clouds is strongly correlated with the diurnal evolution of tropospheric humidity, suggesting that additional moisture is advected towards the island by the sea breeze regime. The detailed analysis of cloudiness observations collected during the four seasons sampled in 2017 and 2018 also shows substantial differences between the two years, possibly associated with a strong positive Indian Ocean Southern Dipole (IOSD) event extending throughout the year 2017.

Short Communication: Climate change and biofuel wheat: A case study of southern Saskatchewan

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Budong Qian ◽  
Brian McConkey ◽  
Herb Cutforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Communication Climate ◽  
Stochastic Weather Generator ◽  
Ipcc Sres

Wang, H., He, Y., Qian, B., McConkey, B., Cutforth, H., McCaig, T., McLeod, G., Zentner, R., DePauw, R., Lemke, R., Brandt, K., Liu, T., Qin, X., White, J., Hunt, T. and Hoogenboom, G. 2012. Short Communication: Climate change and biofuel wheat: A case study of southern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 421–425. This study assessed potential impacts of climate change on wheat production as a biofuel crop in southern Saskatchewan, Canada. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer-Cropping System Model (DSSAT-CSM) was used to simulate biomass and grain yield under three climate change scenarios (CGCM3 with the forcing scenarios of IPCC SRES A1B, A2 and B1) in the 2050s. Synthetic 300-yr weather data were generated by the AAFC stochastic weather generator for the baseline period (1961–1990) and each scenario. Compared with the baseline, precipitation is projected to increase in every month under all three scenarios except in July and August and in June for A2, when it is projected to decrease. Annual mean air temperature is projected to increase by 3.2, 3.6 and 2.7°C for A1B, A2 and B1, respectively. The model predicted increases in biomass by 28, 12 and 16% without the direct effect of CO2 and 74, 55 and 41% with combined effects (climate and CO2) for A1B, A2 and B1, respectively. Similar increases were found for grain yield. However, the occurrence of heat shock (>32°C) will increase during grain filling under the projected climate conditions and could cause severe yield reduction, which was not simulated by DSSAT-CSM. This implies that the future yield under climate scenarios might have been overestimated by DSSAT-CSM; therefore, model modification is required. Several measures, such as early seeding, must be taken to avoid heat damages and take the advantage of projected increases in temperature and precipitation in the early season.

scholarly journals Effect of Panicle Size on Grain Yield of IRRI-Released Indica Rice Cultivars in the Wet Season

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Rebecca C. Laza ◽  
Shaobing Peng ◽  
Shigemi Akita ◽  
Hitoshi Saka
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Wet Season

scholarly journals On the occurrence of rainstorm damage based on home insurance and weather data

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Spekkers ◽  
F. H. L. R. Clemens ◽  
J. A. E. ten Veldhuis
Keyword(s):  
Building Envelope ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Occurrence Probability ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Actual Damage ◽  
Probability Of Precipitation ◽  
Private Domain

Abstract. Rainstorm damage caused by the malfunction of urban drainage systems and water intrusion due to defects in the building envelope can be considerable. Little research on this topic focused on the collection of damage data, the understanding of damage mechanisms and the deepening of data analysis methods. In this paper, the relative contribution of different failure mechanisms to the occurrence of rainstorm damage is investigated, as well as the extent to which these mechanisms relate to weather variables. For a case study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, a property level home insurance database of around 3100 water-related damage claims was analysed. The records include comprehensive transcripts of communication between insurer, insured and damage assessment experts, which allowed claims to be classified according to their actual damage cause. The results show that roof and wall leakage is the most frequent failure mechanism causing precipitation-related claims, followed by blocked roof gutters, melting snow and sewer flooding. Claims related to sewer flooding were less present in the data, but are associated with significantly larger claim sizes than claims in the majority class, i.e. roof and wall leakages. Rare events logistic regression analysis revealed that maximum rainfall intensity and rainfall volume are significant predictors for the occurrence probability of precipitation-related claims. Moreover, it was found that claims associated with rainfall intensities smaller than 7–8 mm in a 60-min window are mainly related to failure processes in the private domain, such as roof and wall leakages. For rainfall events that exceed the 7–8 mm h−1 threshold, the failure of systems in the public domain, such as sewer systems, start to contribute considerably to the overall occurrence probability of claims. The communication transcripts, however, lacked information to be conclusive about to which extent sewer-related claims were caused by overloading of sewer systems or failure of system components.

Effects of Phosphorus and Carbofuran on the Growth and Nitrogen Fixation of Azolla pinnata and the Yield of Rice

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Singh ◽  
P. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Dry Seasons

SUMMARYThe effects of phosphorus fertilizer and the insecticide carbofuran on the growth and N2-fixation of Azolla pinnata and on the growth, grain yield and nitrogen uptake of intercropped rice were examined in a wet and a dry season. Treatment with phosphorus or carbofuran increased the biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixed (nitrogen yield) in both seasons, but the response was much better in the dry season. Azolla inoculation at 1.0 t ha−1 resulted in a greater bio mass and nitrogen yield than inoculation at 0.5 t ha−1. In the dry season, a combination of phosphorus and carbofuran enhanced the growth and N2-fixation of Azolla more than either treatment alone. Carbofuran treatment slowed the rate of decomposition of Azolla, particularly in the dry season. The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season and these treatments increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both the wet and dry seasons.

scholarly journals Performance of lentil varities as influenced by different Rhizobium innoculations

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Haque ◽  
P Bala ◽  
AK Azad
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Better Than

A field experiment was conducted at the farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2009 to March 2010 to study the response of three lentil varieties (viz., BARI Masur-1, BARI Masur-2 and BARI Masur-3) to Rhizobium inoculations to yield. There were three Rhizobium inoculants (Rhizobium strain BINA L4, Rhizobium strain TAL 640, and mixed culture) with uninoculated control and urea @ 50 kg ha-1. Phosphorus and potassium @ 26 kg P ha-1from TSP and 33 kg K ha-1 from MP were used as basal. It was observed that Rhizobium inoculation alone increased plant height, grain yield and crop residues yield of plant significantly compared to uninoculated control. Local inoculants BINA L4 performed better than the exotic culture TAL 640 in respect of yield. 50 kg urea ha-1 also recorded better results than control but not superior to any of the inoculation treatments. The highest seed (1,565 kg ha-1) and crop residue yields (3,303 kg ha-1) were recorded from the lentil variety BARIMasur-3 inoculated with mixed culture.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 41-46

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document