scholarly journals Dispersal distance is driven by habitat availability and reproductive success in Northern Great Plains piping plovers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose J. Swift ◽  
Michael J. Anteau ◽  
Kristen S. Ellis ◽  
Megan M. Ring ◽  
Mark H. Sherfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Charadrius Melodus ◽  
Piping Plovers ◽  
Dispersal Distances

Abstract Background Dispersal is a critical life history strategy that has important conservation implications, particularly for at-risk species with active recovery efforts and migratory species. Both natal and breeding dispersal are driven by numerous selection pressures, including conspecific competition, individual characteristics, reproductive success, and spatiotemporal variation in habitat. Most studies focus on dispersal probabilities, but the distance traveled can affect survival, fitness, and even metapopulation dynamics. Methods We examined sources of variation in dispersal distances with 275 natal dispersal and 1335 interannual breeding events for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) breeding in the Northern Great Plains between 2014 and 2019. Results Natal dispersal was on average longer (mean: 81.0 km, median: 53 km) than adult breeding movements (mean: 23.7 km, median: 1 km). Individuals moved the shortest distances when hatched, previously nested, or settling on river habitats. When more habitat was available on their natal area than in the year prior, hatch-year birds moved shorter distances to their first breeding location. Similarly, adults also moved shorter distances when more habitat was available at the settling site and when in closer proximity to other known nesting areas. Additionally, adult movement distance was shorter when successfully hatching a nest the year prior, retaining a mate, or initiating a current nest earlier. Conclusion Habitat availability appears to be associated with dispersal distance for both hatch-year and adult piping plovers. Conservation efforts that integrate dispersal distances may benefit from maintaining nesting habitat within close proximity to other areas for adults and a network of clustered sites spread out across a larger landscape for natal dispersal.

scholarly journals Low renesting propensity and reproductive success make renesting unproductive for the threatened Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)

The Condor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose J Swift ◽  
Michael J Anteau ◽  
Megan M Ring ◽  
Dustin L Toy ◽  
Mark H Sherfy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Nest Survival ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Failure ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Charadrius Melodus ◽  
Piping Plovers ◽  
Daily Nest Survival

Abstract Upon reproductive failure, many bird species make a secondary attempt at nesting (hereafter, “renesting”). Renesting may be an effective strategy to maximize current and lifetime reproductive success, but individuals face uncertainty in the probability of success because reproductive attempts initiated later in the breeding season often have reduced nest, pre-fledging, and post-fledging brood survival. We evaluated renesting propensity, renesting intervals, and renest reproductive success of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) by following 1,922 nests and 1,785 unique breeding adults from 2014 to 2016 in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. The apparent renesting rate for individuals was 25% for reproductive attempts that failed in the nest stage (egg laying and incubation) and only 1.2% for reproductive attempts when broods were lost. Renesting propensity declined if reproductive attempts failed during the brood-rearing stage, nests were depredated, reproductive failure occurred later in the breeding season, or individuals had previously renested that year. Additionally, plovers that nested on reservoirs were less likely to renest compared to other habitats. Renesting intervals declined when individuals had not already renested, were after-second-year adults without known prior breeding experience, and moved short distances between nest attempts. Renesting intervals also decreased if the attempt failed later in the season. Overall, reproductive success and daily nest survival were lower for renests than first nests throughout the breeding season. Furthermore, renests on reservoirs had reduced apparent reproductive success and daily nest survival unless the predicted amount of habitat on reservoirs increased within the breeding season. Our results provide important demographic measures for this threatened species and suggest that predation- and water-management strategies that maximize success of early nests would be more likely to increase productivity. Altogether, renesting appears to be an unproductive reproductive strategy to replace lost reproductive attempts for Piping Plovers breeding in the Northern Great Plains.

Distribution and Dispersal in the Piping Plover

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Haig ◽  
Lewis W. Oring
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
First Year ◽  
Piping Plover ◽  
Charadrius Melodus ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Migratory Shorebirds ◽  
Piping Plovers

Abstract Individually marked Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) were studied from 1981-1987 in Manitoba and Minnesota relative to dispersal patterns of age and sex classes. Unlike monogamous passerines, males returned to former breeding sites only slightly more often than females. Dispersal distances did not differ between the sexes. Across North America, 24-69% of adults exhibited breeding-site fidelity, a variability equivalent to that among species of migratory shorebirds. Distribution of Piping Plover habitat across the species range accounts for some of this variability: birds used local sites if they were available, rather than disperse long distances. Similar to most migratory shorebirds, few (1.6-23%) Piping Plover chicks returned to natal sites to breed. No difference was found in return patterns between first-year males and females, nor in distances either sex dispersed from natal sites. First-year birds were found in the vicinity of their natal sites when habitat was available. During winter, birds from the Northern Great Plains and Great Lakes were seen primarily in mixed population flocks on the Gulf of Mexico. Piping Plovers from Atlantic coast breeding areas wintered further south on the Atlantic.

scholarly journals Sex-Related Natal Dispersal of Pied Flycatchers: How Far Away From Home?

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717
Author(s):  
Nikita Chernetsov ◽  
Leonid V. Sokolov ◽  
Vladislav Kosarev ◽  
Dmitry Leoke ◽  
Mikhail Markovets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Ficedula Hypoleuca ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dispersal Distances

Abstract Over four years, nestling Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) were banded and recaptured in nest boxes at a 44 km long and 1–1.5 km wide study area along the Courish Spit on the southeast Baltic coast. The return rate for males was nearly twice as high as for females. Males settled significantly closer to their natal sites than predicted by the null model, which assumed that any nest box in the study area was selected at random. For females, the frequency distribution of natal dispersal distances was not significantly different from that predicted by the null model. The difference in average dispersal distance between the sexes was highly significant. Although some individuals settled within tens of kilometers, most male Pied Flycatchers settled within several kilometers of their natal sites. We suggest that even if females settle on average farther from their natal sites than males do, both sexes imprint on a relatively small (several kilometers in diameter) area during postfledging exploration, to which they return each spring.

Density Dependent Double Brooding in Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) in the Norhern Great Plains, USA

Waterbirds ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsi L. Hunt ◽  
Lauren R. Dinan ◽  
Meryl J. Friedrich ◽  
Mary Bomberger Brown ◽  
Joel G. Jorgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Charadrius Melodus ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Piping Plovers ◽  
Double Brooding

scholarly journals Habitat selection of white-tailed deer fawns and their dams in the Northern Great Plains

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
Eric S. Michel ◽  
Bailey S. Gullikson ◽  
Katherine L. Brackel ◽  
Brian A. Schaffer ◽  
Jonathan A. Jenks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Antipredator Defense ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Habitat availability can affect important life-history traits such as survival; however, little information exists on how microhabitat characteristics found at parturition sites selected by dams and bed sites selected by their offspring differ from the surrounding area and from each other. Therefore, we assessed how vegetation affected maternal parturition and offspring bed site selection for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the Northern Great Plains. Dams selected for sites with decreased vegetation height, potentially improving their visibility, which may increase their ability to escape approaching predators. Conversely, there was no variation between vegetative characteristics at neonate bed sites and their associated random sites, indicating grasslands provide adequate concealment for neonates. Dams possess the ability to flee from approaching predators, thus increasing the importance of visibility while giving birth. Conversely, neonates depend on fear bradycardia as their main antipredator defense, so concealment is more important. Our results suggest that vegetation structure is an important characteristic to white-tailed deer as habitat needs vary between adults and neonates.

scholarly journals Spatial variation in population dynamics of northern Great Plains piping plovers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose J. Swift ◽  
Michael J. Anteau ◽  
Kristen S. Ellis ◽  
Megan M. Ring ◽  
Mark H. Sherfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Piping Plovers

Gender-specific dispersal distances of grizzly bears estimated by genetic analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1108-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Proctor ◽  
Bruce N McLellan ◽  
Curtis Strobeck ◽  
Robert M.R Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Grizzly Bears ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Natal Home ◽  
Dispersal Distances

Natal dispersal is difficult to quantify, and long-distance events are often undetected, leading to biased estimates. Following offspring from their natal home range to their postdispersal adult breeding home range is challenging, and gathering sufficient data for large mammals with long generation times is particularly difficult. Here we measure average sex-specific dispersal distances in grizzly bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) using individual-based genetic analysis. We genetically sampled and generated 15-locus microsatellite genotypes for 711 grizzly bears over a range of 100 000 km2 in southwestern Canada. Microsatellite markers are inherited in a Mendelian fashion, allowing us to use likelihood-based parentage analyses to estimate parent–offspring dyads. We used the distance between individually captured females of parent–offspring pairs (i.e., mother–daughter) to estimate female natal dispersal distances and found that, on average, females dispersed 14.3 km from the center of their natal home range. We used the distance between males of parent–offspring pairs (i.e., father–son) to estimate average male dispersal distances and found that males dispersed, on average, 41.9 km from their natal, or maternal, home range (mother–son dispersal distance). We used a simulation model to estimate the bias associated with measuring the father–son (male–male) distance as an estimate of the mother–son distance.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and environmental correlates of natal dispersal in a long-lived territorial vulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Serrano ◽  
Ainara Cortés-Avizanda ◽  
Iñigo Zuberogoitia ◽  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
José Ramón Benítez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Declining Populations ◽  
Dispersal Distances

AbstractNatal dispersal, the movement between the birth and the first breeding site, has been rarely studied in long-lived territorial birds with a long-lasting pre-breeding stage. Here we benefited from the long-term monitoring programs of six populations of Egyptian vultures (Neophron percnopterus) from Spain and France to study how the rearing environment determines dispersal. For 124 vultures, we recorded a median dispersal distance of 48 km (range 0–656 km). Linear models were used to assess the effect of population and individual traits on dispersal distance at two spatial scales. Dispersal distances were inversely related to vulture density in the natal population, suggesting that birds perceive the abundance of conspecifics as a signal of habitat quality. This was particularly true for declining populations, so increasing levels of opportunistic philopatry seemed to arise in high density contexts as a consequence of vacancies created by human-induced adult mortality. Females dispersed further than males, but males were more sensitive to the social environment, indicating different dispersal tactics. Both sexes were affected by different individual attributes simultaneously and interactively with this social context. These results highlight that complex phenotype-by-environment interactions should be considered for advancing our understanding of dispersal dynamics in long-lived organisms.

scholarly journals Sex-biased dispersal and inbreeding avoidance in Hokkaido brown bears

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 1317-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Shirane ◽  
Michito Shimozuru ◽  
Masami Yamanaka ◽  
Hifumi Tsuruga ◽  
Masanao Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Close Inbreeding

AbstractNatal dispersal likely plays an important role in avoiding inbreeding among large carnivores. We tested the hypothesis that male-biased dispersal reduces close inbreeding by limiting the spatial overlap of opposite-sex pairs of close relatives in brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. We genotyped 837 individuals collected in 1998–2017 at 21 microsatellite loci and performed parentage analysis. To calculate natal dispersal distance, we considered the site where the mother was identified as the birthplace of her offspring, and the site where the offspring were identified as their dispersed place. As predicted, we found that dispersal distances were significantly greater for males (12.4 km ± 1.0) than for females (7.7 km ± 0.9), and those for males increased from 3 years old, indicating that males begin to disperse around the time sexual maturation begins. Relatedness decreased with distance among pairs of females, and the mean relatedness was significantly higher between pairs of females than between pairs of males or between female–male pairs within 3 km. Closely related female–male pairs rarely (5–6%) resided in close proximity (< 3 km), compared with pairs of closely related females. Our study revealed that the potential for close inbreeding was low in Hokkaido brown bears because males are effective dispersers.

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