scholarly journals Temporal and spatial distribution of ancient sites in Shaanxi Province using geographic information systems (GIS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Litao Zhu ◽  
Zhengwei Li ◽  
Huimin Su ◽  
Xing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Linear Distribution ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis

AbstractRevealing the evolutionary history of the relationship between humans and Earth will help us understand the spatial and temporal distribution of ancient cultural sites (referred to as ancient sites). This research explored the spatial and temporal distribution of ancient sites in Shaanxi Province (China) from the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty and assessed their correlation with the natural environment and economic patterns using geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The results indicated that (1) the ancient sites in the two periods were mainly centered in Xi'an based on kernel density analysis. The number of ancient sites in the Han to the Northern and Southern Dynasties was greater than that in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The spatial distribution of ancient sites indicated that more sites are present in northern Shaanxi Province than in the south. (2) The ancient sites in Shaanxi Province were concentrated in the plain area with an elevation of approximately 866 m; the aspects were south, east, and southeast; and the slopes were 0 ~ 3° based on an analysis of the topographic features. (3) The ancient sites were concentrated within 10 km of the river. Fewer ancient sites were distributed with increasing distance from the river, indicating a linear distribution of ancient sites.

Changes expected in Ixodes ricinus temporal and spatial distribution in Europe.

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Annapaola Rizzoli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract This expert opinion discusses the evidence of climate change impact on Ixodes ricinus spatial and temporal distribution in Europe. It also provides predictions on I. ricinus population distribution and seasonal dynamics in relation to future climate change events.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal distribution of gerrid (Heteroptera) and predation on microcrustaceans from a tropical shallow lake

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Domingos ◽  
M. S. Arcifa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Ingestion Rate ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Size Selectivity ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Adult Insect

Abstract Predator-prey interactions involving an aquatic insect and zooplanktonic prey of different sizes were investigated to quantify prey mortality exposed to predators. Laboratory experiments were undertaken with the young and adult gerrid Rheumatobates crassifemur to test predation and size selectivity on the cladocerans Daphnia gessneri, Ceriodaphnia richardi, and Bosmina tubicen. Population fluctuations and spatial distribution of the gerrid were also evaluated in a small and shallow Brazilian lake throughout 12 months in fortnightly samples. The insects were more abundant in the littoral (mean density 7.0 ± 1.2 ind.m–2) compared to the limnetic zone. The period with the highest densities was late January to June, in both zones. Predation by young instars on Daphnia and Ceriodaphnia was significant (mean ingestion rate of 1.3 ± 0.1 D. gessneri and 0.7 ± 0.1 C. richardi per predator per hour). Adult insect fed only the large-sized prey (mean ingestion rate of 1.0 ± 0.1 D. gessneri per predator per hour). Young gerrids have greater potential to prey on cladocerans than adults, and size selectivity occurred for both predators. Preference of adults by the larger prey is probably related to difficulties in manipulating smaller planktonic prey, such as Ceriodaphnia. Due to higher densities of insects in the littoral, higher predation on zooplankton in this zone is expected. This study does contribute to a better understanding of trophic interactions in tropical shallow lakes and is the first to investigate predation of a gerrid on cladocerans in laboratory experiments.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal distribution of bats (Chiroptera) in bright summer nights

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Christian Michaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Over Time

Most bat species show plasticity in their choice of habitat and landscape. This study focuses on the distribution and activity of bats along the hillsides and onto the shores of a low salinity marine Norwegian fiord at 62°N. Ultrasound was recorded using D500 detectors in June and July at 42 different sites from the shoreline and up the hillsides to around 200 m. Detectors were placed in well-preserved woodlands. OnlyPipistrellussp., northern batsEptesicus nilssoniiand bats of theMyotisgenus were common. There was a clear non-linear spatial distribution pattern along these slopes, with a pronounced increase in the number of recorded bats at short distances from the shore. On all six nights, the detector closest to the shore had the highest number of recorded bats. A pattern was also seen in bat distribution over time.Pipistrellussp., northern bats andMyotisspecies all had a peak near the shore during the darkest part of the night, which is around 01.35 h in mid-summer at this latitude. At greater distances,Pipistrellussp. and northern bats had a peak around 40 minutes to one hour before the darkest part of the night, respectively. Here,Myotisspp. peaked about an hour after 01.35.

scholarly journals Distribusi Temporal dan Spatial Arthropoda Pada Berbagai Jenis Tumbuhan Liar di Agroekosistem

bionature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Richsan Yamin ◽  
Siti Annisaa'ul Kariimah ◽  
Nadya Rizky Nuzul Ramadhanti ◽  
Intan Ayu Idha Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. The purpose of this research were to (1) analyse the temporal and spatial distribution of arthropods in the cassava and eggplant agroecosystem areas. (2) Analysing the temporal and spatial distribution of arthropods in the maize agroecosystem. This research was divided into 2 stations,  the first station which is near the trail in the eggplant and corn agroecosystem, while for the second station on the corn agroecosystem, the two research locations are in Maccorawalie Village, Watang Sawitto District, Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi. This research use the analytical method to analyse the observations and also identify the families of each arthropod found, then count the number of arthropods in each species and measure the diversity and abundance of each wild plant found at station 1 and station 2 in the morning and afternoon. The translation of the results obtained from the results of data collection at two stations in two data collection times (morning and afternoon) in the day, where the morning is 06.00-8.00 WITA Zone, while in the afternoon at 16.00-17.30 WITA zone. This is due to abiotic factors such as temperature and humidity, where the temperature in the morning is 23°C with 92% humidity, while the afternoon temperature is 25°C with 77% humidity. Arthropods have a different temporal distribution because this is related to the biological clock in each Arthropod. Biological clock allows Arthropods to determine when to work and rest. The existence of a rhythm in insects resulted in the division of two living groups, known as diurnal (active during the day) and nocturnal. Abiotic factors in the form of light intensity, temperature and humidity, affect the activity patterns of insects that have a certain temperature range, light intensity and humidity in Maccorawalie Village, Watang Sawitto District, Pinrang Regency.Keywords: temporal distribution, spatial distribution, arthropods, agroecosystem.

scholarly journals Application of Morishita Spread Index to temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of landslides in Shanxi and Gansu provinces of China

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Wenqiang ◽  
Zhang Zhuoyuan ◽  
Huang Runqiu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Landslide Occurrence ◽  
Cluster Distribution ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Morshita Spread Index Iδ was applied for the study of temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of landslides in the Shanxi and Gansu provinces of China. For this purpose, the landslides larger than 105 m3 in volume were considered. In the study area, the spatial distribution of Morishita Spread Index Iδ (l) isgreater than 1 and decreases with increasing mesh scale. Such a trend indicates cluster distribution of landslides. On the other hand, the temporal distribution of Morishita Spread Index Iδ (t) for the above landslides showed a maximum and a minimum, corresponding to the years with high frequency of landslide occurrence.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of Land Cover Land Use Change on Precipitation Dynamics in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area from 2001 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Xinghan Wang ◽  
Peitong Cong ◽  
Yuhao Jin ◽  
Xichun Jia ◽  
Junshu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Bay Area

The change of spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation has an important impact on urban water security. The effect of land cover land use change (LCLUC) on the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation needs to be further studied. In this study, transfer matrix, standard deviation ellipse and spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques were used. Based on the data of land cover land use and precipitation, this paper analyzed the land cover land use change and its influence on the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of precipitation in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). The results showed that from 2001 to 2019, the area of cropland, water, barren, forest/grassland in the GBA decreased by 44.03%, 8.05%, 50.22%, 0.43%, respectively, and the area of construction land increased by 20.05%. The precipitation in the GBA was mainly concentrated in spring and summer, and the precipitation in spring tended to increase gradually, while the precipitation in summer tended to decrease gradually, while the precipitation in autumn and winter has no obvious change. It was found that with the change of land cover land use, the spatial distribution of precipitation also changed. Especially in the areas where the change of construction land was concentrated, the spatial distribution of precipitation changed most obviously.

scholarly journals RESERCH ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF COLOR STEEL BUILDING BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 2101-2105
Author(s):  
S. W. Yang ◽  
J. J. Ma ◽  
J. M. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Coupling Relationship ◽  
Steel Building

As representative vulnerable regions of the city, dense distribution areas of temporary color steel building are a major target for control of fire risks, illegal buildings, environmental supervision, urbanization quality and enhancement for city’s image. In the domestic and foreign literature, the related research mainly focuses on fire risks and violation monitoring. However, due to temporary color steel building’s special characteristics, the corresponding research about temporal and spatial distribution, and influence on urban spatial form etc. has not been reported. Therefore, firstly, the paper research aim plans to extract information of large-scale color steel building from high-resolution images. Secondly, the color steel plate buildings were classified, and the spatial and temporal distribution and aggregation characteristics of small (temporary buildings) and large (factory building, warehouse, etc.) buildings were studied respectively. Thirdly, the coupling relationship between the spatial distribution of color steel plate and the spatial pattern of urban space was analysed. The results show that there is a good coupling relationship between the color steel plate building and the urban spatial form. Different types of color steel plate building represent the pattern of regional differentiation of urban space and the phased pattern of urban development.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal in Sediment of Urban Coastal Waters: A Case Study in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Budiyanto ◽  
Lestari Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Marine System ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Heavy metals, hazardous chemical substances, increase in marine environment due to anthropogenic discharges. However, due to the hydrodynamic of the marine system these metals could vary both temporal and spatial distribution of metals in Jakarta Bay. This study was to reveal the temporal and spatial distribution of metals in sediment over the bay and to assess the environmental condition. Sediment samples were collected in11 stations of March (transitional season) and June(dry season)2013. The result showed that the concentration of heavy metals varied spatially, in which elevated concentration occurred adjacent terrestrial indicating the enrichment of metal-anthropogenic source, but insignificant temporarily.Keywords: heavy metals, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, anthropogenic activities, Jakarta Bay. Logam berat merupakan bahan berbahaya yang tersebar di lingkungan laut karena pengaruh aktifitas antropogenik. Akan tetapi, logam berat ini dapat terdistribusi secara temporal ataupun spasial di Teluk Jakarta akibat sistem hidrodinamika laut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi spasial dan temporal logam berat dalam sedimen dan untuk menilai kondisi lingkungan teluk. Sedimen diambil dari 11 stasiun pada bulan Maret (musim transisi) dan Juni (musim kering) tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi spasial logam berat bervariasi, dimana konsentrasinya meningkat di lokasi dekat daratan yang mengindikasikan tingginya sumber logam-antropogenik namun secara temporal tidak signifikan.Kata kunci: logam berat, distribusi spasial, distribusi temporal, kegiatan antropogenik, Teluk Jakarta.

scholarly journals The influence of hydrodynamics on the spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton pigments in a large, sub-tropical coastal lake (Brazil)

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana de Souza Cardoso ◽  
David da Motta Marques
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Shallow Lake ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Phytoplankton Pigments ◽  
Horizontal Heterogeneity

This study evaluated the spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton pigments in Itapeva Lake and its relationship with hydrodynamic aspects. Regarding spatial distribution, a decreasing N®S gradient was generally observed for the pigments, except in summer. This inversion observed during the summer was influenced by the predominant fetch (N-E). The horizontal heterogeneity was proved (ANOVA) for all seasons of the year, except spring. Spatially in spring, the vertical variance was much more significant (p<0.05) than the horizontal one. The sampling shifts presented a permanent degree of variability among the seasons of the year, showing the existence of a diurnal cycle in the concentration of chlorophyll a. This behavior was related to the fetch, mainly from the NE and SW quadrants, disturbing the system because it is a shallow lake. This confirmed the influence of the Itapeva Lake's hydrodynamic regime on the spatial-temporal distribution of the phytoplankton pigments.

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