scholarly journals Stand-level biomass models for predicting C stock for the main Spanish pine species

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Aguirre ◽  
Miren del Río ◽  
Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado ◽  
Sonia Condés
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Stand Volume ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Pine Species

Abstract Background National and international institutions periodically demand information on forest indicators that are used for global reporting. Among other aspects, the carbon accumulated in the biomass of forest species must be reported. For this purpose, one of the main sources of data is the National Forest Inventory (NFI), which together with statistical empirical approaches and updating procedures can even allow annual estimates of the requested indicators. Methods Stand level biomass models, relating the dry weight of the biomass with the stand volume were developed for the five main pine species in the Iberian Peninsula (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra and Pinus pinaster). The dependence of the model on aridity and/or mean tree size was explored, as well as the importance of including the stand form factor to correct model bias. Furthermore, the capability of the models to estimate forest carbon stocks, updated for a given year, was also analysed. Results The strong relationship between stand dry weight biomass and stand volume was modulated by the mean tree size, although the effect varied among the five pine species. Site humidity, measured using the Martonne aridity index, increased the biomass for a given volume in the cases of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus halepensis and Pinus nigra. Models that consider both mean tree size and stand form factor were more accurate and less biased than those that do not. The models developed allow carbon stocks in the main Iberian Peninsula pine forests to be estimated at stand level with biases of less than 0.2 Mg∙ha− 1. Conclusions The results of this study reveal the importance of considering variables related with environmental conditions and stand structure when developing stand dry weight biomass models. The described methodology together with the models developed provide a precise tool that can be used for quantifying biomass and carbon stored in the Spanish pine forests in specific years when no field data are available.

scholarly journals Identification of gene pools used in restoration and conservation by chloroplast microsatellite markers in Iberian pine species

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. e05S ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Hernández-Tecles ◽  
Jorge De las Heras ◽  
Zaida Lorenzo ◽  
Miguel Navascués ◽  
Ricardo Alia
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellites ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Forest Reproductive Material ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Reproductive Material ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Markers ◽  
Pine Species

Aim of study: To contribute to the characterization of the origin of material used in afforestation, restoration or conservation activities by using Cp-SSR markers.Area of study: We used information from the natural range of Iberian pines, from Spain.Materials and methods: We used Iberian pines as an example to undertook gene pool characterization based on a wide Iberian sample of 97 populations from five Pinus species (Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinaster, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus uncinata). Haplotypes from each analyzed tree (derived from nine chloroplast microsatellites markers in P. halepensis and six in the rest of the species) were obtained. Based on this information we subdivided each species in regions (considering both genetic structure and its application in afforestation, restoration and conservation programs) and tested the assignation of populations to the different groups based on the genetic distance among samples.Main results: The rate of successful identification of populations among the different species was very high (> 94 %) for P. nigra, P. sylvestris and P. uncinata, high (81 %) for P. pinaster, and low (< 65 %) for P. halepensis. Research highlights: Chloroplast DNA markers from extensive population datasets can be used to assign the origin of the forest reproductive material in some pine species.

scholarly journals Productivity Estimations for Monospecific and Mixed Pine Forests along the Iberian Peninsula Aridity Gradient

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Aguirre ◽  
Miren del Río ◽  
Sonia Condés
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Aridity Gradient ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pine Species

National Forest Inventories (NFIs) are the primary source of information to fulfill international requirements, such as growing stock volume. However, NFI cycles may be “out of phase” in terms of the information required, so prediction techniques are needed. To disentangle the effects of climate and competition on stand productivity and to estimate the volume of stocks at national scale, it is important to recognize that growth and competition are species-specific and vary along climatic gradients. In this study, we estimate the productivity of five pine species (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra and Pinus pinaster), growing in monospecific stands or in mixtures along an aridity gradient in the Iberian Peninsula, based on Spanish NFI data. We study the stand volume growth efficiency (VGE), since it allows the comparison of volume growth in monospecific and mixed stands. The results reveal the importance of considering the aridity when assessing VGE. Moreover, it was found that, in general, admixture among pine species leads to modifications in the VGE, which can vary from negative to positive effects depending on species composition, and that this is always influenced by the aridity. Finally, we provide simple growth efficiency models for the studied pines species which are valid for both monospecific and mixed stands along the aridity gradient of the Iberian Peninsula.

scholarly journals A protocol for sampling vascular epiphyte richness and abundance

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H. D. Wolf ◽  
S. Robbert Gradstein ◽  
Nalini M. Nadkarni
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Epiphyte Communities ◽  
Vascular Epiphyte

Abstract:The sampling of epiphytes is fraught with methodological difficulties. We present a protocol to sample and analyse vascular epiphyte richness and abundance in forests of different structure (SVERA). Epiphyte abundance is estimated as biomass by recording the number of plant components in a range of size cohorts. Epiphyte species biomass is estimated on 35 sample-trees, evenly distributed over six trunk diameter-size cohorts (10 trees with dbh > 30 cm). Tree height, dbh and number of forks (diameter > 5 cm) yield a dimensionless estimate of the size of the tree. Epiphyte dry weight and species richness between forests is compared with ANCOVA that controls for tree size. SChao1 is used as an estimate of the total number of species at the sites. The relative dependence of the distribution of the epiphyte communities on environmental and spatial variables may be assessed using multivariate analysis and Mantel test. In a case study, we compared epiphyte vegetation of six Mexican oak forests and one Colombian oak forest at similar elevation. We found a strongly significant positive correlation between tree size and epiphyte richness or biomass at all sites. In forests with a higher diversity of host trees, more trees must be sampled. Epiphyte biomass at the Colombian site was lower than in any of the Mexican sites; without correction for tree size no significant differences in terms of epiphyte biomass could be detected. The occurrence of spatial dependence, at both the landscape level and at the tree level, shows that the inclusion of spatial descriptors in SVERA is justified.

scholarly journals Influence of tree size, reduced competition, and climate on the growth response of Pinus nigra Arn. salzmannii after fire

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Valor ◽  
Míriam Piqué ◽  
Bernat C. López ◽  
José Ramón González-Olabarria
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Tree Size

Stomiopeltis pinastri. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Diagnostic Features

Abstract A description is provided for Stomiopeltis pinastri, which are found on dead pine needles. Details are given of its hosts (Cupressus abramsiana, Juniperus communis, Picea sp., Pinus brutia, Pinus caribaea, Pinus cembra, Pinus contorta, Pinus halepensis, Pinus montezumae, Pinus monticola, Pinus mugo, Pinus muricata, Pinus nigra, Pinus nigra var. austriaca, Pinus nigra var. maritime, Pinus pinaster, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus radiata, Pinus roxburghii, Pinus strobus, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus taeda, Pinus thunbergiana [Pinus thunbergii], Pinus wallichiana and Protium sp.), associated species, geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia), USA (California, Georgia, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee and Washington), Brazil (Pernambuco), India (Himachal Pradesh and Jammu-Kashmir), Pakistan, Portugal (Azores), Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Irish Republic, Finland, France, Germany, UK, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, San Marino, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland), transmission, diagnostic features and conservation status.

Tree Size and Species, Stand Volume, and Tract Size: Effects on Southern Harvesting Costs

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick W. Cubbage ◽  
W. Dale Greene ◽  
John P. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Stand Volume ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Harvesting Costs ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Timber harvesting production rates and equipment and labor costs were used to estimate average logging costs for a variety of tract volumes and sizes, stand structures, and tree species. Average costs were estimated for conventional logging systems typical in the South. Regression analysiswas used to identify significant factors affecting the costs for each system. Highly mechanized systems were generally cheapest for harvesting southern pines, but were not much cheaper for harvesting hardwoods. Hardwoods were substantially more expensive to harvest, as were tracts of lessthan 250 cords in total volume. South. J. Appl. For. 13(3):145-152.

scholarly journals Above-ground biomass models for Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia) in Mustang District, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
R Rajchal ◽  
H Meilby
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Hippophae Salicifolia ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Local Use

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don.), an important multi-purpose tree, is found at altitudes of 2000–3600 m amsl in Nepal, but so far no models have been developed for estimating the biomass of this species, thus hampering resource assessment and management planning. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop local biomass models for wood, fruit, and leaves of Seabuckthorn. In November 2006, a diameter-stratified sample of 30 trees was harvested in Lete and Kunjo Village Development Committees at an altitude of about 2300 m amsl in the lower part of Mustang District, Nepal. The fresh weight of fruit and oven-dry weight of wood (stem and branches) and leaves were measured and used as a basis for developing biomass models. Diameters of the trees were measured at 30 cm above ground whereas the heights were measured in terms of the total tree height (m). Among several models tested, the models suggested for local use were: ln(woody biomass, oven-dry, kg) = -3.083 + 2.436 ln(diameter, cm), ln (fruit biomass, fresh, kg) = -3.237 + 1.346 ln(diameter, cm) and ln(leaf biomass, oven-dry, kg) = -4.013 + 1.403 ln(Diameter, cm) with adjusted coefficients of determination of 0.99, 0.73 and 0.91 for wood, fruit, and leaves, respectively. The models suggested for a slightly broader range of environmental conditions were: ln (woody biomass, oven-dry, kg) = -3.277 + 0.924 ln(diameter2 × height), ln(Fruit biomass, fresh, kg) = -3.146 + 0.485 ln(diameter2 × height) and ln(leaf biomass, oven-dry, kg) = -4.121 + 0.532 ln(diameter2 × height) with adjusted coefficients of determination of 0.99, 0.68, and 0.92 for wood, fruit, and leaves, respectively. The models can be used in assessment of Seabuckthorn resources and above-ground carbon and in the management of these resources by communities and others. Banko Janakari, Vol. 23, No. 1, Page 23-34 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v23i1.9464

Projections of Carbon Stocks in Sites Reforested with Pinyon Pine Species in Northeastern Mexico

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-358
Author(s):  
Eduardo de los Ríos-Carrasco ◽  
Reinout de Hoogh ◽  
José Návar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Northeastern Mexico ◽  
Pinyon Pine ◽  
Pine Species

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CONTAINER SIZE AND PRUNING ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF DWARFING MANGO ROOTSTOCKS.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1112g-1112
Author(s):  
A. Cedeño-Maldonado ◽  
E. Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Fresh Weight

Control of tree size is an important consideration in developing commercial mango orchards. The use of dwarfing rootstock is one of the methods available for controlling tree size. The development of techniques for increasing the effect of dwarfing rootstock is the objective of the present research. Container size treatments consisted of planting seedlings of different rootstock in containers of 1 to 8 L in size. Pruning treatments consisted of removing the shoot, root or shoot-root (combined) tips of young seedlings previous to planting. Most significant changes were produced by using the smallest containers and combined pruning. Most significant fresh and dry weight reductions were obtained in the smallest containers. Combined pruning produced a significant increase in fresh weight-of both roots and shoots but no significant changes in dry weight. Plant height was not significantly affected but bark thickness was significantly reduced by decreasing container size. Eldon a monoembryonic variety was significantly bigger than polyembryonic varieties.

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