scholarly journals A framework to foster analysis skill for self-directed activities in data-rich environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Rwitajit Majumdar ◽  
Huiyong Li ◽  
Gökhan Akçapinar ◽  
Brendan Flanagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Goal System

AbstractSelf-direction skill is considered a vital skill for twenty-first-century learners in both the learning context and physical activity context. Analysis skill for self-directed activities requires the students to analyze their own activity data for understanding their status in that activity. It is an important phase that determines whether an appropriate plan can be set or not. This research presents a framework designed to foster students’ analysis skill in self-directed activities, which aims (1) to build a technology-enabled learning system allowing students to practice analyzing data from their own daily contexts, (2) to propose an approach to model student’s analysis skill acquisition level and process, and (3) to provide automated support and feedback for analysis skill development tasks. The analysis module based on the proposed framework was implemented in the GOAL system which synchronized data from learners’ physical and reading activities. A study was conducted with 51 undergraduate students to find reliable indicators for the model to then measure students’ analysis skills. By further analyzing students’ actual usage of the GOAL system, we found the actual activity levels and their preferences regarding analysis varied for the chosen contexts (learning and physical activity). The different context preference groups were almost equal, highlighting the utility of a system that integrates data from multiple contexts. Such a system can potentially respond to students’ individual preferences to execute and acquire self-direction skill.

scholarly journals Relationships between Depression, Daily Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Daytime Sleepiness among Japanese University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8036
Author(s):  
Hideki Shimamoto ◽  
Masataka Suwa ◽  
Koh Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Part Time

In Japan and other developed countries, the lifestyles of many—particularly the younger generation—have been disrupted in recent years. This disruption may manifest as a decrease in physical activity and deterioration in the quality and quantity of sleep. Depressive tendencies are also increasing among university students. This study examined the relationship between mental health, physical activity, physical fitness, and daytime sleepiness. Eighty-five undergraduate students participated in this study (52 men and 33 women, aged 18.9 (±1.4) years). Physical activity levels were measured using an accelerometer (Lifecorder, Kenz, Nagoya, Japan) for two weeks. To evaluate their level of physical fitness, maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) was calculated by an indirect method using a cycle ergometer. Depressive tendencies and daytime sleepiness were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 score was positively correlated with sleepiness (r = 0.35, p = 0.001) and total steps per day (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Moreover, the PHQ-9 score was positively correlated with V˙O2max (r = 0.25, p = 0.019). The PHQ-9 score was higher in students with good exercise habits or part-time jobs. An important finding was the positive correlation between depression and variables related to physical activity levels. These results suggest that vigorous physical activity, such as exercise and part-time jobs, might be positively associated with depressive tendencies among university students.

scholarly journals Are Reallocations between Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity Associated with Better Sleep in Adults Aged 55+ Years? An Isotemporal Substitution Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9579
Author(s):  
Julie Vanderlinden ◽  
Gregory Biddle ◽  
Filip Boen ◽  
Jannique van Uffelen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option

Physical activity has been proposed as an effective alternative treatment option for the increasing occurrence of sleep problems in older adults. Although higher physical activity levels are associated with better sleep, the association between specific physical activity intensities and sedentary behaviour (SB) with sleep remains unclear. This study examines the associations of statistically modelled time reallocations between sedentary time and different physical activity intensities with sleep outcomes using isotemporal substitution analysis. Device-measured physical activity data and both objective and subjective sleep data were collected from 439 adults aged 55+ years. Replacing 30 min of SB with moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) was significantly associated with an increased number of awakenings. Moreover, a reallocation of 30 min between light physical activity (LPA) and MVPA was significantly associated with increased sleep efficiency. Furthermore, reallocating 30 min of SB to LPA showed a significant association with decreased sleep efficiency. There were no significant associations of time reallocations for wake time after sleep onset, length of awakenings, and sleep quality. These results improve our understanding of the interrelationships between different intensities of movement behaviours and several aspects of sleep in older adults.

scholarly journals Exercise Trajectories of Women from Entry to a 6-Month Cardiac Rehabilitation Program to One Year after Discharge

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Arthur ◽  
Chris Blanchard ◽  
Elizabeth Gunn ◽  
Jennifer Kodis ◽  
Steven Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Strenuous Activity ◽  
One Year ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background. Physical activity is associated with reduced mortality and morbidity. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Unfortunately, women are less likely to engage in, or sustain, regular physical activity. Objectives were to (1) describe women’s guidelines-based levels of physical activity during and after CR and (2) determine the physical activity trajectories of women from entry to CR to one year after CR.Methods and Results. A prospective, longitudinal study of 203 women with CVD enrolled in a 6-month CR program. Physical activity was measured using the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LSI), focusing on moderate-strenuous activity. Data were analyzed using latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and logistic regression. Mean scores on the LSI showed women to be “active” at all follow-up points. LCGA revealed a two-class model, respectively, called “inactive relapsers” and “moderately active relapsers.” Predictors of the “moderately active relapsers” class were employment status and diagnosis of myocardial infarction.Conclusions. Women achieved the recommended physical activity levels by the end of CR and sustained them until one year after CR. LCGA allowed us to determine the class trajectories associated with moderate-strenuous activity and, from these, to identify implications for targeted intervention.

Temporal Characteristics of Habitual Physical Activity Periods Among Older Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorlene Egerton ◽  
Sandra G. Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older People ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
At Home

Background:While physical activity is advocated for the elderly, little is known about the patterns of habitual activity of older people, particularly those in aged care. This study employed a novel approach to analyzing activity data to compare the temporal characteristics of daily activity between 15 older people living at home with 16 living in an aged care facility.Methods:The time spent standing and walking, and the number and duration of upright activity periods (greater than 1 minute) were monitored for 72 hr continuously.Results:Despite variation in all measures across the participants, those living in aged care spent significantly less time upright per day (2.3 hr vs. 7.2 hr), standing (1.6 hr vs. 5 hr), and walking (0.7 hr vs. 2.2 hr) than those living at home. Participants in both groups had a similar number of activity periods; however, the median activity period duration was less for those living in aged care (4 min vs. 8 min).Conclusions:Activity levels of both groups were low compared with recommendations. In particular, aged care residents were rarely upright for 30 min continuously, supporting the need for services to promote physical activity of older people particularly those living in aged care facilities.

scholarly journals Utility of wearable physical activity monitors in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of 11,464 patients and recommendations for optimal use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hammond-Haley ◽  
Christopher Allen ◽  
Jennie Han ◽  
Tiffany Patterson ◽  
Michael Marber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Real World ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, functioning as a marker of disease progression and response to therapy. Real-world measurement of habitual PA is now possible through wearable activity monitors, however their use in cardiovascular patients is not well described. Methods We performed a systematic review to summarise how wearable activity monitors have been used to measure PA in patients with cardiovascular disease, with 11,464 patients included across 108 studies. Results Activity monitors were primarily used in the setting of cardiac rehabilitation (46, 43%). Most often, triaxial accelerometers (70, 65%) were instructed to be worn at the hip (58, 54%) for seven days (n = 54, 50%). Thirty-nine different activity monitors were used, with a range of accelerometer specific settings for collection and reporting of activity data. Activity was reported most commonly as time spent in MET-defined activity levels (49, 45%), while non-wear time was defined in just 16 (15%) studies. Conclusion The collecting, processing and reporting of accelerometer-related outcomes was highly heterogeneous. Most validation studies are limited to healthy young adults, while the paucity of methodological information disclosed renders interpretation of results and cross-study comparison challenging. While accelerometers are promising tools to measure real-world PA, we highlight current challenges facing their use in elderly multimorbid cardiology patients. We suggest recommendations to guide investigators using these devices in cardiovascular research. Future work is required to determine optimal methodology and consensus-based development of meaningful outcomes using raw acceleration data.

scholarly journals Physical activity in relation to circulating hormone concentrations in 117,100 men in UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor L. Watts ◽  
Aurora Perez-Cornago ◽  
Aiden Doherty ◽  
Naomi E. Allen ◽  
Georgina K. Fensom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Purpose Physical activity may reduce the risk of some types of cancer in men. Biological mechanisms may involve changes in hormone concentrations; however, this relationship is not well established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of physical activity with circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG, which modifies sex hormone activity), and total and free testosterone concentrations, and the extent these associations might be mediated by body mass index (BMI). Methods Circulating concentrations of these hormones and anthropometric measurements and self-reported physical activity data were available for 117,100 healthy male UK Biobank participants at recruitment. Objectively measured accelerometer physical activity levels were also collected on average 5.7 years after recruitment in 28,000 men. Geometric means of hormone concentrations were estimated using multivariable-adjusted analysis of variance, with and without adjustment for BMI. Results The associations between physical activity and hormones were modest and similar for objectively measured (accelerometer) and self-reported physical activity. Compared to men with the lowest objectively measured physical activity, men with high physical activity levels had 14% and 8% higher concentrations of SHBG and total testosterone, respectively, and these differences were attenuated to 6% and 3% following adjustment for BMI. Conclusion Our results suggest that the associations of physical activity with the hormones investigated are, at most, modest; and following adjustment for BMI, the small associations with SHBG and total testosterone were largely attenuated. Therefore, it is unlikely that changes in these circulating hormones explain the associations of physical activity with risk of cancer either independently or via BMI.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Visualizing Physical Activity as a 3D-Printed Object: Formative Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Graeme Morgan Crossley ◽  
Melitta Anne McNarry ◽  
Joanne Hudson ◽  
Parisa Eslambolchilar ◽  
Zoe Knowles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Technological Advances

BACKGROUND The UK government recommends that children engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 60 min every day. Despite associated physiological and psychosocial benefits of physical activity, many youth fail to meet these guidelines partly due to sedentary screen-based pursuits displacing active behaviors. However, technological advances such as 3D printing have enabled innovative methods of visualizing and conceptualizing physical activity as a tangible output. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elicit children’s, adolescents’, parents’, and teachers’ perceptions and understanding of 3D physical activity objects to inform the design of future 3D models of physical activity. METHODS A total of 28 primary school children (aged 8.4 [SD 0.3] years; 15 boys) and 42 secondary school adolescents (aged 14.4 [SD 0.3] years; 22 boys) participated in semistructured focus groups, with individual interviews conducted with 8 teachers (2 male) and 7 parents (2 male). Questions addressed understanding of the physical activity guidelines, 3D model design, and both motivation for and potential engagement with a 3D physical activity model intervention. Pupils were asked to use Play-Doh to create and describe a model that could represent their physical activity levels (PAL). Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed, and key emergent themes were represented using pen profiles. RESULTS Pupils understood the concept of visualizing physical activity as a 3D object, although adolescents were able to better analyze and critique differences between low and high PAL. Both youths and adults preferred a 3D model representing a week of physical activity data when compared with other temporal representations. Furthermore, all participants highlighted that 3D models could act as a motivational tool to enhance youths’ physical activity. From the Play-Doh designs, 2 key themes were identified by pupils, with preferences indicated for models of abstract representations of physical activity or bar charts depicting physical activity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings highlight the potential utility of 3D objects of physical activity as a mechanism to enhance children’s and adolescents’ understanding of, and motivation to increase, their PAL. This study suggests that 3D printing may offer a unique strategy for promoting physical activity in these groups.

scholarly journals Question of Participation

Eureka ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryan Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
School Health ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Counseling ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Activity Promotion

Background. Recent studies indicate that physical activity levels among Ontario university students are about 35% to 42%. Furthermore, there is a sparsity of evidence on effective interventions to support increased physical activity among university students. The current study uses the Comprehensive School Health (CSH) framework for the analysis of current physical activity interventions at York University and provides four observations of an effective program. Methods. 249 York University undergraduate students (n = 153 women, n = 96 men) ages 18 – 42 (M = 19.92 years, SD = 2.99 for men; M = 19.96 years, SD = 2.61 for women) were recruited from the school of Kinesiology and Health Sciences. Participants were measured for their physical activity status and physical activity factors pertaining to the CSH framework via an online survey. Results. 67.9% of the participants were considered physically active, and 80.3% declared they would not “travel to the university only to engage in physical activity”. Additionally, 74.7% of the participants reported that they believed that they had enough information regarding physical activity, with 44.2% having been exposed to signs and posters about physical activity on campus. 49.4% of participants reported engaging in the school’s mandatory practicums (PKINs) with a resulting 125 minutes of average weekly physical activity. 16.9% of participants reported having received physical activity counseling and 83.1% did not. Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, an effective intervention to support increased physical activity among university students, in the case of York University, was one that fit well with the students’ academic schedule, did not rely on signs or posters for physical activity promotion, integrated itself into the curriculum, and would benefit from incorporating partnerships with healthcare professionals.

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