scholarly journals Factors associated with child survival in children admitted to outpatient therapeutic program at public health institutions in Afar Regional State, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misgan Legesse Liben ◽  
Abel Gebre Wuneh ◽  
Reda Shamie ◽  
Kiros G/her
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Therapeutic Program ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Outpatient Therapeutic Program

Abstract Introduction About 20 million children suffer from severe acute malnutrition each year. The World Health Organization recommends the outpatient therapeutic program as a standard treatment protocol for the management of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition and for children who are transferred from inpatient cares after recovery. This study aimed to assess the treatment outcome of severe acute malnutrition and determinants of survival in children admitted to outpatient therapeutic program at public health institutions, Afar Regional State. Methods Institution-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 286 children aged 6–59 months admitted to the outpatient therapeutic program, from April to September 2017, at selected public health institutions in Afar Regional State. For the comparison of time to recovery among the different groups of children on the outpatient therapeutic program, Kaplan-Meir curve was used and significance test for these differences was assessed by the log-rank test. Then, a proportional hazard in the Cox model was used to identify independent predictors of survival. p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Of 286 children, 238 (83.2%; 95% CI (79, 88)), 18 (6.3%), 14 (4.9%), 8 (2.8%), and 8 (2.8%) cases were cured, defaulters, non-responder, died, and transfer to inpatient care, respectively. The overall mean rate of weight gain was 10.5(± 3.45) g/kg/day, and mean length of stay was 44.15(± 8.77) days. The recovery rate of children whose mothers travel less than 2 h to the health institution was about three times (AHR, 2.91; 95% CI (2.18, 3.88)) higher than children whose mothers travel 2 h and above. Compared with children who received vitamin A supplementation, children who lack supplementation were less likely (AHR, 0.39; 95% CI (0.25, 0.59)) to be cured. Moreover, the rate of recovery from outpatient therapeutic program among children who received antibiotics was about 1.4 times (AHR, 1.38; 95% CI (1.01, 1.89)) higher compared with children who did not receive of antibiotics. Conclusion This study showed that nearly eight children in every ten had recovered from severe acute malnutrition. Therefore, considering the distance of health facility from children’s residence, improving vitamin A supplementation and antibiotics are vital in improving the rate of recovery. Further research is also required to identify and address barriers to the provision of antibiotics and vitamin A supplementation.

scholarly journals Time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors: a multicentre retrospective follow-up study in Amhara region, north-west Ethiopia

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e034583
Author(s):  
Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki ◽  
Temesgen Yihunie Akalu ◽  
Haileab Fekadu Wolde ◽  
Wubet Worku Takele ◽  
Worku Nigussu Mamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
North West ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Using Data

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and its predictors in selected public health institutions in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.DesignAn institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted using data extracted from 1690 patient cards from September 2012 to November 2016.SettingSelected government health institutions in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.ParticipantsChildren treated in therapeutic feeding units for SAM were included.Outcome measuresTime to recovery from SAM.ResultsOne thousand and fifty children have recovered from SAM, 62.13% (95% CI 59.8% to 64.5%). The median time to recovery was 16 days (IQR=11–28). Female gender (adjusted HR (AHR)=0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.98), oedematous malnutrition (AHR=0.74 95% CI 0.59 to 0.93), pneumonia (AHR=0.66, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.83), tuberculosis (AHR=0.53, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.77), HIV/AIDS (AHR=0.47, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.79), anaemia (AHR=0.73, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.89) and receiving vitamin A (AHR=1.43, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.82) were notably associated with time to recovery.ConclusionsThe time to recovery in this study was acceptable but the proportion of recovery was far below the minimum standard. Special emphasis should be given to the prevention and treatment of comorbidities besides the therapeutic feeding. Supplementing vitamin A would also help to improve the recovery rate.

scholarly journals From hostile worlds to multiple spheres: towards a normative pragmatics of justice for the Googlization of health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Sharon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Alternative Framework ◽  
Orders Of Worth ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Normative Pragmatics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Critical Perspectives

AbstractThe datafication and digitalization of health and medicine has engendered a proliferation of new collaborations between public health institutions and data corporations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Critical perspectives on these new partnerships tend to frame them as an instance of market transgressions by tech giants into the sphere of health and medicine, in line with a “hostile worlds” doctrine that upholds that the borders between market and non-market spheres should be carefully policed. This article seeks to outline the limitations of this common framing for critically understanding the phenomenon of the Googlization of health. In particular, the mobilization of a diversity of non-market value statements in the justification work carried out by actors involved in the Googlization of health indicates the co-presence of additional worlds or spheres in this context, which are not captured by the market vs. non-market dichotomy. It then advances an alternative framework, based on a multiple-sphere ontology that draws on Boltanski and Thevenot’s orders of worth and Michael Walzer’s theory of justice, which I call a normative pragmatics of justice. This framework addresses both the normative deficit in Boltanski and Thevenot’s work and provides an important emphasis on the empirical workings of justice. Finally, I discuss why this framework is better equipped to identify and to address the many risks raised by the Googlization of health and possibly other dimensions of the digitalization and datafication of society.

scholarly journals Survival and predictors of mortality among severe acute malnourished under-five children admitted at Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, northwest, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Kassaw ◽  
Desalegne Amare ◽  
Minyichil Birhanu ◽  
Aragaw Tesfaw ◽  
Shegaw Zeleke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Altered Consciousness ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Malnourished Children

Abstract Background Malnutrition is still a global public health problem contributing for under-five morbidity and mortality. The case is similar in Ethiopia in which severe acute malnutrition is the major contributor to mortality being an underlying cause for nearly 45% of under-five deaths. However, there is no recent evidence that shows the time to death and public health importance of oxygen saturation and chest in drawing in the study area. Therefore, estimated time to death and its predictors can provide an input for program planners and decision-makers. Methods A facility -based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 488 severe acute malnourished under-five children admitted from the 1st of January 2016 to the 30th of December 2019. The study participants were selected by using simple random sampling technique. Data were entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version15 statistical software for further analysis. The Kaplan Meier was used to estimate cumulative survival probability and a log-rank test was used to compare the survival time between different categories of explanatory variables. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was fitted to identify predictors of mortality. P-value< 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results Out of the total 488 randomly selected charts of children with severe acute malnutrition, 476 records were included in the final analysis. A total of 54(11.34%) children died with an incidence rate of 9.1death /1000 person- days. Failed appetite test (AHR: 2.4; 95%CI: 1.26, 4.67), altered consciousness level at admission (AHR: 2.4; 95%CI: 1.08, 4.67), oxygen saturation below 90% (AHR: 3.3; 95%CI: 1.40, 7.87), edema (AHR 2.9; 95%CI: 1.45, 5.66) and HIV infection (AHR: 2.8; 95%CI: 1.24, 6.36) were predictors of mortality for children diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition. Conclusion The overall survival status of severe acute malnourished children was low as compared to national sphere standards and previous reports in the literature. The major predictors of mortality were oxygen saturation below 90%, altered consciousness, HIV infection, edema and failed appetite test. Therefore, early screening of complications, close follow up and regular monitoring of sever acute malnourished children might improve child survival rate.

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