Ameliorative activity of medicinal plant fraction for neuroprotection against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster—a comparative study

Abstract Background Medicinal plant extracts used in folk medicine seem to be crucial since those are generally accepted by people without worrying about the toxicity. In our present study, we have compared the neuroprotective role of the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. and leaf extracts of Olea dioica Roxb., against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Results In-vivo neurotoxic study was carried out using 7-day-old flies (wild-type D. melanogaster). Prior to co-after exposing the flies with acrylamide (8 mM) along with or without OLE-2 and CU-3 fractions (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% w/v), the heads of flies of both the control and treated groups were homogenized for biochemical assay. ACR-treated groups have shown higher elevation in AChE, SOD, LPO, and CAT activity when compared to control and treated (plant fraction) groups. Biochemical and histopathology studies show that both the plant fractions (OLE-2 and CU-3) have neuroprotective action against acrylamide. Conclusion The present study has demonstrated that dietary supplementation with plant fraction of OLE-2 and CU-3 has increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased AChE activity in D. melanogaster. This activity could be part of the probable mechanisms of action by which OLE-2 and CU-3 fractions have extended the lifespan and locomotory activity in fruit flies. These fruit flies continue to provide an exciting system for metabolic studies and should be more extensively exploited. Based on these results, further studies on the identified bioactive compounds from these two plants are being planned.

Download Full-text

Biological activity from indigenous medicinal plants of Mauritius

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1351/pac200577010041 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 41-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

A. Gurib-Fakim ◽

H. Subratty ◽

F. Narod ◽

J. Govinden-Soulange ◽

F. Mahomoodally

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Plant Materials ◽

In Vivo Screening ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Minor Ailments

The Mauritian population has a long tradition in the use of ethno-medicine, and the practice is still strong, especially in the treatment of minor ailments. Such interest stems from an existing culture, and many “tisanes” are still prepared from plant materials and sold in several markets around the island.This paper will focus on the various chemical/biological screening techniques currently being used to evaluate the biological properties of medicinal plant extracts. Particular emphasis will be put on extraction and various screening for biological/pharmacological properties. Due consideration will be given to the pharmacological approaches that utilize different animal models for the in vitro and in vivo screening of medicinal plant extracts.

Download Full-text

In vivo antitrypanosomal evaluation of some medicinal plant extracts from Ogun state, Nigeria

Science World Journal ◽

10.4314/swj.v5i1.61480 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.O Olukunle ◽

M.O Abatan ◽

O.T Soniran ◽

M.L Takeet ◽

O.A Ldowu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Ogun State ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Download Full-text

Phyto-synthesized Gold Nanoparticles as Antitumor Agents

Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology ◽

10.2174/2211738508999201123213504 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 08 ◽

Author(s):

Eugenia Dumitra Teodor ◽

Gabriel Lucian Radu

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Antitumor Agents ◽

Antiinflammatory Activity ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Selective Cytotoxicity ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Background:: Phyto, or plant-derived metal nanoparticles are an interesting and intensive studied group of green synthesized nanoparticles. In the last decade, numerous medicinal plant extracts were used to the synthesis of stable gold or silver nanoparticles with diverse biological effects, such as antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, antiinflammatory activity, hypoglycemic effect, antitumor activity and catalytic activity. Results:: This review has systematized and discussed information from the last 5 years about the research regarding antitumor/anticancer potential of gold nanoparticles obtained via medicinal plant extracts, with special attention on their selective cytotoxicity on tumor cells and on their mechanism of action, in vitro and in vivo assessments. Conclusion:: Much more in vivo and clinical studies are needed before considering phyto-synthesized gold nanoparticles as significant for future medicine.

Download Full-text

In vitro antioxidant potential of medicinal plant extracts and their activities against oral bacteria based on Brazilian folk medicine

Archives of Oral Biology ◽

10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.12.001 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 545-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Wagner S. Alviano ◽

Daniela S. Alviano ◽

Cláudio G. Diniz ◽

Angelo R. Antoniolli ◽

Celuta S. Alviano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Download Full-text

Curtisia dentata (Cornaceae) leaf extracts and isolated compounds inhibit motility of parasitic and free-living nematodes

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.4102/ojvr.v76i2.49 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L.J. Shai ◽

E.S. Bizimenyera ◽

V. Bagla ◽

L.J. McGaw ◽

J.N. Eloff

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Betulinic Acid ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Free Living ◽

C Elegans

Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis are among the most important parasitic nematodes of small ruminants. Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode, is used as a model for evaluating anthelmintic activity of a variety of test substances. Extracts of several medicinal plants are useful in vitro and in vivo against nematode development. Extracts of Curtisia dentata, a South African medicinal plant, and compounds isolated from leaves of this plant were investigated for anthelmintic activity against T. colubriformis, H. contortus and C. elegans. The acetone and dichloromethane extracts were active against all nematodes at concentrations as low as 160 μg/mℓ. Betulinic acid and lupeol were active against the parasitic nematodes only at the high concentrations of 1 000 and 200 μg/mℓ, respectively. All compounds were effective against C. elegans with active concentrations as low as 8 μg/mℓ. Betulinic acid was less active than lupeol and ursolic acid against C. elegans. The acetone and dichloromethane extracts were also active against C. elegans with a concentration of 0.31 mg/mℓ resulting in almost 80 % inhibition of larval motility. The use of free-living nematodes may provide information on the activity of potential anthelmintics against parasitic nematodes. Extracts of various medicinal plant species may provide solutions to ill-health of small ruminants caused by parasitic nematodes in poor communities of southern Africa.

Download Full-text

Screening of some Indonesian medicinal plant extracts for anti quorum sensing activity to prevent Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Oreochromis niloticus

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Artini Pangastuti ◽

Siti Lusi Arum Sari ◽

Agung Budiharjo ◽

SARI TRIYANA FITRI ◽

PUJI SAYEKTI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Infected Fish ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Abstract. Pangastuti A, Sari SLA, Budiharjo A, Fitri ST, Sayekti P, Putri SR. 2021. Screening of some Indonesian medicinal plant extracts for anti quorum sensing activity to prevent Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Oreochromis niloticus. Biodiversitas 22: 3517-3522. Aeromonas hydrophila disease is a threat to Indonesia's aquaculture and fishing industries because of its results in mass deaths. Efforts to treat and prevent A. hydrophila infection in fish have so far been limited to the use of antibiotics. The use of these antibiotics can result in bacterial resistance as well as issues related to fish quality and environment. Another option is to target the bacterial quorum sensing (QS) system, a bacterial intercellular communication system that uses signal molecules, regulates the expression of A. hydrophila virulence factors such as exoprotease enzymes, elastase, and biofilms. The expression of A. hydrophila virulence factor can be inhibited by using QS inhibitor compounds, preventing infection from starting. The purpose of this study was to screen some Indonesian medicinal plant extracts for anti-QS activity and then use the selected extract to prevent A. hydrophila infection in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). With the administration of extract, QS inhibition was observed in vitro based on the production of violacein in Chromobacterium violaceum; enzyme exoprotease, elastase, and the formation biofilm in A. hydrophila. Tilapia fishes were fed with extract supplementation and then infected with A. hydrophila in an in vivo infection challenge test. These test fishes were divided into six treatment groups given a different concentration of extract in feed (Healthy fish with a concentration of 0 g/100 g of feed as control; infected fish with a concentration of 0 g/100 g of feed; infected fish with a concentration of 0.2 g/100 g of feed; infected fish with a concentration 0.4 g/100 g of feed; infected fish with a concentration of 0.6 g/100 g of feed; infected fish with a concentration of 0.8 g/100 g of feed). Fish were reared for 2 weeks with the frequency of feeding 3 times a day. The variables observed included fish survival rate, behavior (swimming, agility, movement, and frequency of operculum opening), and morphology of the test fish. Data analysis of virulence factors production, fish survival rate, fish appetite, and frequency of operculum opening was carried out using the ANOVA variant test, continued with a 5% DMRT test. Others were analyzed descriptively. Of all the extracts studied, 4 extracts showed inhibition of the production of the violaceum pigment in C. violaceum. Muntingia calabura leaves extract was chosen for further testing due to its ease of availability and safety. The extract was significantly decreased the production of A. hydrophila caseinolytic and elastolytic protease, but had no effect on biofilm formation. In vivo challenge test with A. hydrophila showed better survival rate and fish condition in fish groups that were supplemented with M. calabura extract.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial activity of northern Ontario medicinal plant extracts

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2013-258 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 417-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Haider M. Hassan ◽

Zi-Hua Jiang ◽

Christina Asmussen ◽

Emma McDonald ◽

Wensheng Qin

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Northern Ontario ◽

Cornus Canadensis ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Hassan, H. M., Jiang, Z.-H., Asmussen, C., McDonald, E. and Qin, W. 2014. Antibacterial activity of northern Ontario medicinal plant extracts. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 417–424. In the present study, the antibacterial activity (in vitro) of the leaf and/or flower crude extracts of Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth & Hook.f., Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal, Apocynum androsaemifolium L., Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng, Cornus canadensis L. and Xanthium strumarium L. medicinal plants was analyzed through the hole-plate diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas caviae, Paenibacillus alvei, Micrococcus luteus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Bacillus cereus bacteria. In addition, the time-kill dynamic processes of these extracts against A. caviae, B. cereus, P. alvei, and M. luteus bacteria were also tested. The leaf and flower extracts of Anap. margaritacea and G. squarrosa possess significant antibacterial activity against all the bacteria tested, with inhibition of A. caviae, P. alvei and M. luteus within 1–12 h of incubation at MBC. Particularly, at higher concentrations of the Anap. margaritacea flower crude extract (2–3×MBC), inhibition of A. caviae, B. cereus, P. alvei, and M. luteus bacteria is achieved between 0.5 and 4 h of incubation. In addition, these extracts exhibit high inhibition diameters (majority > 18 mm) and low MIC and/or MBCs (majority=1.25 mg mL−1). In contrast, the leaf extracts of Arct. uva-ursi, X. strumarium, Apoc. androsaemifolium and C. canadensis plants demonstrate moderate to low activity. These results indicate that extracts from Anap. margaritacea and G. squarrosa could be a source of novel antimicrobial scaffolds, compounds or pharmacophores with implications in the pharmaceutical industry and medicine.

Download Full-text

Bouganin, an Attractive Weapon for Immunotoxins

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins10080323 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 323 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Massimo Bortolotti ◽

Andrea Bolognesi ◽

Letizia Polito

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Experimental Treatment ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Ribosome Inactivating Proteins ◽

Carrier Molecule ◽

Bougainvillea Spectabilis

Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.) is a plant widely used in folk medicine and many extracts from different tissues of this plant have been employed against several pathologies. The observation that leaf extracts of Bougainvillea possess antiviral properties led to the purification and characterization of a protein, named bouganin, which exhibits typical characteristics of type 1 ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs). Beyond that, bouganin has some peculiarities, such as a higher activity on DNA with respect to ribosomal RNA, low systemic toxicity, and immunological properties quite different than other RIPs. The sequencing of bouganin and the knowledge of its three-dimensional structure allowed to obtain a not immunogenic mutant of bouganin. These features make bouganin a very attractive tool as a component of immunotoxins (ITs), chimeric proteins obtained by linking a toxin to a carrier molecule. Bouganin-containing ITs showed very promising results in the experimental treatment of both hematological and solid tumors, and one bouganin-containing IT has entered Phase I clinical trial. In this review, we summarize the milestones of the research on bouganin such as bouganin chemico-physical characteristics, the structural properties and de-immunization studies. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo results obtained with bouganin-containing ITs are summarized.

Download Full-text

Larvicidal Impact of Some Local Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Aedes Aegypti (L.)

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science ◽

10.3329/jasbs.v44i1.46546 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

MG Sharower ◽

MA Latif

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Acetone Extract ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Larvicidal Activities

The larvicidal potential of different solvent (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) crude leaf extracts of five plants (Blepharis maderaspatensis, Elaeagnus indica, Maesa indica, Phyllanthus wightianus and Memecylon edule) were tested against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. All the tested extracts showed moderate to good larvicidal activities. However, the maximum larval mortality was detected in acetone extract of E. indica (LC50 90.89, LC90 217.21 and LC99 441.88 ppm) followed by M. indica acetone extract (LC50 173.21, LC90 289.86 and LC99 441.04 ppm). The results revealed that larvicidal properties of the four selected plants and encourages further investigation for the bioactive compounds that might possess good larvicidal properties in pure form. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 61-67, June 2018

Download Full-text