scholarly journals Biological control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith), the causal pathogen of bacterial wilt disease by using Pantoea spp

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr ◽  
Sabry A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Tomato Root

Abstract Background Bacterial wilt of tomato (BWP) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is a very important disease. Biological control of this disease is a very important tool to protect the plant and environment from pollution of chemical control. Results Twenty isolates of genus, Pantoea were isolated from healthy tomato root. Out of 20 isolates, 2 strains, PHYTPO1 and PHYTPO2, showed highly antagonistic property to control the growth of R. solanacearum in vitro conditions. They were identified as P. agglomerans by using 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence analysis. The 2 isolates were selected to study their effect (as cell suspension or culture filtrate) on the bacterial wilt under greenhouse conditions. PHYTPO1 inhibited maximum growth reduction of R. solanacearum and formed 2.5 cm2 of inhibition zone, followed by 1.2 cm2 in PHYTOPO2 under in vitro conditions. Treating with both isolates of P. agglomerans was significantly reduced disease severity of tomato wilt disease. The disease severity was reduced to 74.1 when treated as cell suspension, while when treated as culture filtrate, it reduced the disease severity up to 69.4 than infected control. Conclusion The strains of Pantoea can be used as an ecofriendly method to control of the most economic pathogen of tomato under greenhouse conditions. Further study is needed to find an appropriate formulation and approving application of these bacteria under field conditions.

scholarly journals Streptomyces sp.: Characterization, Identification and Its Potential as a Ralstonia solanacearum Biological Control Agent in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmad Saputra ◽  
Triwidodo Arwiyanto ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Streptomyces sp. bacteria have the potential to produce antibiotic compounds, which are one of the mechanisms that are widely used in biological control. However, in general, biological control mechanisms also occur through competition, cell wall degradation and induced resistance. This study was aimed to determine the physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of two isolates of Streptomyces sp. (S-4 and S16 isolates) isolated from the tomatoes roots, and to find out their ability to control Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes bacterial wilt disease on a wide range of hosts. The results showed both Streptomyces sp. isolates had several different physiological and biochemical characteristics and had a different ability to inhibit R. solanacearum in vitro. Streptomyces sp. S-16 isolate had a high similarity with Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus strain NRRL B-1773T based on the molecular identification results. Further research needs to be done to see the potential inhibition of the two Streptomyces isolates in inhibiting the development of bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants caused by R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals A cbb3-Type Cytochrome C Oxidase Contributes to Ralstonia solanacearum R3bv2 Growth in Microaerobic Environments and to Bacterial Wilt Disease Development in Tomato

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Colburn-Clifford ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2) is an economically important soilborne plant pathogen that causes bacterial wilt disease by infecting host plant roots and colonizing the xylem vessels. Little is known about R3bv2 behavior in the host rhizosphere and early in bacterial wilt pathogenesis. To explore this part of the disease cycle, we used a novel taxis-based promoter-trapping strategy to identify pathogen genes induced in the plant rhizosphere. This screen identified several rex (root exudate expressed) genes whose promoters were upregulated in the presence of tomato root exudates. One rex gene encodes an assembly protein for a high affinity cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3-cco) that enables respiration in low-oxygen conditions in other bacteria. R3bv2 cbb3-cco gene expression increased under low-oxygen conditions, and a cbb3-cco mutant strain grew more slowly in a microaerobic environment (0.5% O2). Although the cco mutant could still wilt tomato plants, symptom onset was significantly delayed relative to the wild-type parent strain. Further, the cco mutant did not colonize host stems or adhere to roots as effectively as wild type. These results suggest that R3bv2 encounters low-oxygen environments during its interactions with host plants and that the pathogen depends on this oxidase to help it succeed in planta.

scholarly journals Indigenous Bacillus spp. ability to growth promoting activities and control bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1562-1567
Author(s):  
YULMIRA YANTI ◽  
TRIMURTI HABAZAR ◽  
REFLINALDON REFLINALDON ◽  
CHAINUR RAHMAN NASUTION ◽  
SRIMANO FELIA
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
And Control

Yanti Y, Habazar T, Reflinaldon, Nasution CR, Felia S. 2017. Indigenous Bacillus spp. ability to growth promoting activities and control bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum). Biodiversitas 18: 1562-1567. Among the species of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Bacillus spp. has been found to provide beneficial effects to different plant species. Based on our previous research from in planta screening’s method, we found six indigenous strains of Bacillus spp., which had the ability to control bacterial wilt and increased growth and yields of chili. Those were Bacillus subtilis BSn5,q Bacillus sp. RD-AZPVI-03, Bacillus sp. Y81-1, B.cereus strain C38/15, B.cereus strain APSB-03, and B. subtilis strain CIFT-MFB-4158A. This research aimed to characterize the mechanism of selected Bacillus spp. as biocontrol agents of R. solanacearum and as biofertilizer of chili in vitro. We have observed the biocontrol characters (production of HCN, siderophore, biosurfactant, protease, root colonization, and antibiotic), and biofertilizer’s characters (production of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), ammonia and phosphate solubilization) of Bacillus spp. All strains had ability to produce variable concentrations of IAA, B.subtilis strain CIFT-MFB-4158A can produce siderophore, all isolates cannot produce HCN and biosurfactant, 4 isolates can produce protease. Based on the ability to colonize roots, B.subtilis strain CIFT-MFB-4158A had the best ability to colonize root surface (4.17 x 105 CFU/g root), while B. subtilis BSn5 had the best ability to colonize internal roots (2.08 x 105 CFU/g), and 2 Bacillus strains can suppress R. solanacearum in vitro.

scholarly journals Potensi Limbah Media Jamur Konsumsi untuk Menekan Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) pada Tanaman Kentang

Agrikultura ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Istifadah ◽  
P. Rizky D. Sianipar
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Auricularia Auricula

ABSTRACTThe Potential of Spent Mushroom Substrate to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease (Ralstoniasolanacearum) in PotatoBacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of important diseases in potato. One ofecofriendly-control measures is the use of organic matters including spent mushroom substrate.This paper discussed the study that examined the potential of spent substrates of oyster mushroom(Pleurotus sp.), shiitake (Lentinus edodes), Auricularia auricula and composted spent mushroomsubstrate to inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and to suppress the diseaseincidence of bacterial wilt disease in potato. The results showed that spent substrate of shiitakemushroom slightly inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum in vitro with inhibition zone 1.5 mm.The spent mushroom substrate applied in the growth medium and drenching its water extractevery week significantly reduced the disease incidence of bacterial wilt disease, however thesuppression level was only 26.1%. The spent substrates of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp)., A.auricula and composted spent mushroom substrate did not suppress the disease incidence.Keywords : Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus, Auricularia auricula, organic matters, spent mushroomwater extractABSTRAKLayu bakteri yang disebabkan Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan salah satu penyakit penting padapertanaman kentang. Salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit yang ramah lingkungan adalahdengan menggunakan bahan organik, termasuk limbah media jamur konsumsi. Artikel inimendiskusikan penelitian yang mengkaji potensi limbah media tanam jamur tiram (Pleurotus sp.),jamur shiitake (Lentinus edodes), jamur kuping (Auricularia auricula) dan kompos limbah mediajamur konsumsi untuk menghambat R. solanacearum in vitro serta menekan penyakit layu bakteripada tanaman kentang. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan air rendaman limbah media jamur shiitakerelatif menekan R. solanacearum secara in vitro dengan zona penghambatan 1,5 mm. Limbahmedia jamur shiitake yang diaplikasikan pada medium tanam dan air rendamannya disiramkan ketanaman kentang setiap minggu sekali dapat menurunkan persentase tanaman layu secara nyatadibandingkan dengan kontrol, namun tingkat penekanannya hanya sebesar 26,1%. Limbah mediajamur tiram (Pleurotus sp.), jamur kuping (A. auricula) serta kompos limbah media jamur tidakmenghambat R. solanacearum secara in vitro dan tidak dapat menekan penyakit layu bakteri padatanaman kentang.Kata kunci : Lentinus edodes , Pleurotus, Auricularia auricula, bahan organik, air rendamanlimbah jamur

scholarly journals SKRINING KETAHANAN SOMAKLON NILAM TERHADAPP PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI (Ralstonia solanacearum)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
S. Y. HARTATI ◽  
E. HADIPOENTYANTI ◽  
AMALIA AMALIA ◽  
NURSALAM NURSALAM
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Resistance Screening ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
House Condition ◽  
Moderately Resistant

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Layu   bakteri  yang   disebabkan   oleh <em>  Ralstonia   solanacearum <br /> </em>merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman nilam. Perakitan <br /> varietas nilam tahan terhadap penyakit tersebut yang dilakukan melalui <br /> induksi keragaman somaklonal telah menghasilkan beberapa somaklon <br /> yang tahan terhadap <em>R. solanacearum</em> secara <em>in-vitro</em>. Tujuan penelitian <br /> adalah menguji tingkat ketahanan somaklon tersebut terhadap penyakit <br /> layu  pada  kondisi  rumah  kaca (<em>in-vivo</em>).  Penelitian  disusun  dalam <br /> Rancangan  Acak  Lengkap  dengan 27  perlakuan, 3  ulangan,  dan 10 <br /> tanaman/ulangan. Sebagian akar dari somaklon nilam dilukai (dipotong), <br /> selanjutnya diinokulasi (disiram) dengan suspensi<em> R. solanacearum</em> dengan <br /> berbagai konsentrasi 10<sup>5</sup>, 10<sup>7</sup>, dan 10<sup>9 </sup><em>cfu</em>/ml, sebanyak 50 ml/tanaman. <br /> Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa somaklon yang diinokulasi dengan <br /> konsentrasi 10<sup>5 </sup><em>cfu</em>/ml, 50  ml/tanaman  semuanya  tidak  menunjukkan <br /> gejala layu. Somaklon yang diinokulasi dengan konsentrasi 107 dan 10<sup>9</sup></p><p><em>cfu</em>/ml,  50 ml/tanaman, sebagian layu dan mati.  Dari somaklon yang</p><p>7</p><p>diinokulasi dengan konsentrasi 10     <em>cfu</em>/ml, 50 ml/tanaman, 8 di antaranya</p><p>menunjukkan respon sangat tahan, 4 tahan, dan 5 agak tahan. Ke 17 <br /> somaklon tersebut mempunyai intensitas penyakit &lt;50% dan semua lebih <br /> tahan dari pada varietas Sidikalang (agak toleran). Dari 17 somaklon yang <br /> diinokulasi dengan konsentrasi 10<sup>9 </sup><em>cfu</em>/ml, 50 ml/tanaman, 2 di antaranya <br /> sangat tahan dan 7 somaklon tahan. Teknik skrining ini dapat digunakan <br /> sebagai  metode  standar  untuk pengujian  ketahanan  nilam  terhadap <br /> penyakit layu.</p><p>Kata kunci:  Skrining  ketahanan,  somaklon,  nilam,  penyakit  layu,<em>  R. solanacearum.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em></em>ABSTRACT</p><p>Resistance-Screening of Patchouli Somaclones on Bacterial Wilt Disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) </p><p>Bacterial wilt caused by <em>Ralstonia solanacearum </em>is one of the most <br /> important  diseases  on patchouli.  The  developing patchouli resistance <br /> varieties against  wilt  disease  conducted  through the  induction  of <br /> somaclonal variation produced resistant patchouli somaclones against <em>R. <br /> </em><em>solanacearum </em>(in-vitro). The aim of this  research was to screen the <br /> resistance of those patchouli somaclones against wilt disease under a glass <br /> house condition (in-vivo). The research was conducted in a Randomized <br /> Completely Design  with 27 treatments, 3  replicates,  and 10  plants/ <br /> replicate. Some roots of the patchouli somaclones were wounded (cut), <br /> then inoculated (drenched)   with <em>  R.   solanacearum</em>  suspension   in <br /> concentration of 10<sup>5</sup>, 10<sup>7</sup>, and 10<sup>9 </sup><em>cfu</em>/ml; 50 ml/plant. The result showed, <br /> that all the patchouli somaclones inoculated with <em>R. solanacearum</em> 10<sup>5 <br /> </sup>cfu/ml, 50 ml/plant were not show any wilt sympthom. Whereas, some <br /> somaclones inoculated with the higher concentration 10<sup>7 </sup>and 109 cfu/ml, 50 ml/plant were wilted and died. Among the somaclones inoculated with  the concentration of 10<sup>7</sup>  cfu/ml, 50 ml/plant, 8 of them were highly  resistant, 4 were resistant, and 5 were moderately resistant. The disease  intencity of those 17 somaclones were &lt;50% and they were more resistant than  the  Sidikalang  variety  (moderately  tolerant).  Among  those  17 <br /> somaclones inoculated with the concentration of 10<sup>9 </sup>cfu/ml, 50 ml/plant, 2 <br /> of them were highly resistant and 7 were resistant. This screening method <br /> could be used as a standard protocol for patchouli resistance screening <br /> against wilt disease.</p><p>Kata kunci: Screening resistance, somaclone, patchouli, wilt disease, <em>R. solanacearum.</em></p>

Ultrafine bubble water mitigates plant growth in damaged soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mineyuki Yokoyama ◽  
Takatoshi Yamashita ◽  
Rumi Kaida ◽  
Shigemi Seo ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rock Wool

Abstract Water containing ultrafine/nano bubbles (UFBs) promoted the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in soil damaged by cultivation of tomato in the previous year or bacterial wilt-like disease, and also promoted the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) when lettuce was grown in the soil damaged by repeated cultivation of lettuce. On the other hand, UFB supply did not affect plant growth in rock wool or healthy soil. Furthermore, the growth of lettuce was not affected by UFB water treatment in the soil damaged by the cultivation of tomato. UFB water partly suppressed the growth of the pathogen of bacteria wilt disease, Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro. These data suggest that UFB water is effective to recover the plant growth from soil damage.

scholarly journals Inokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Indigenus pada Bibit Jahe untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Ralstonia solanacearum ras 4)

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Netty Suharti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Nasril Nasir ◽  
Dachryanus Dachryanus ◽  
Jamsari Jamsari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Experiment Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Race 4

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is one of factors inhibiting ginger production. The study on ArbuscularMychorrizae Fungus (AMF) in greenhouse was found could reduce of bacteria wilt disease. Experiment design of research was randomizedblock design using 8 isolates. The results showed that inoculation of Arbuscular Mychorrhizae Fungus isolated from healthy gingerrhizosphere as biological diseases control agents could reduces disease severity. Four isolate could reduced disease severity up to 100% andsupport plant growth and production. As the result the seedling formation increased by 50–150%, plant height 36.92–87.56%, the numberof leaf 61.94–162.22% and ginger yield 190.62–400% respectively, compared to the control.

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