Letter from President Northwood to the Office of the Director of the U.S.G.S. regarding the Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Information Program (30 CFR Part 252). Pertinent parts of this letter were also sent to the Acting Chief of the U.S.G.S. Conservation Division and to the Director of the Bureau of Land Management concerning 43 CFR Part 3300.

Geophysics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-638
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Bureau Of Land Management ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Information Program ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Made In

The Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) is the primary international professional organization for 11,000 geophysicists from over one hundred countries. About 7,300 members reside in the United States. Members of SEG carry out worldwide $1.1 billion of geophysical exploration annually in the search for petroleum, other minerals and other energy resources. About 50% of this expenditure is made in the U.S. and about 60% of the data acquired in the U.S. is offshore. Our members are one of this nation's primary sources of manpower and technology so vital in the critical search for new energy sources.

SEG STATEMENT ON PROPOSED INCREASE IN LEASING ON THE OCS

Geophysics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-542
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Bureau Of Land Management ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The U.S

This Statement was submitted February 19, 1975 to the Bureau of Land Management by the SEG concerning the hearings on the Proposed Increase in Oil and Gas Leasing on the Outer Continental Shelf: The Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) is a professional and scientific organization of 9000 geophysicists from 100 countries. Two‐thirds of the membership reside in the U.S. Twenty‐four Section organizations are affiliated with SEG; 20 are in the U.S. The SEG is the primary international geophysics professional organization. Its members are engaged in exploration for both petroleum and minerals, involving approximately $1 billion of geophysical surveys worldwide; $390 million of this effort is in the U.S. In the Draft Environmental Statement and at the hearings themselves, several proposals were discussed which would have a detrimental short and long term effect on the vital search for oil and gas in the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). In addition, these proposals could seriously impede the present unparalleled advance of technology in geophysical exploration. These undesirable proposals are discussed in the following paragraphs.

STATEMENT BY J. DAN SKELTON BEFORE THE SENATE COMMITTEES ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS AND COMMERCE, APRIL 8, 1975

Geophysics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-545
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
The U.S

I am J. Dan Skelton, President of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, or SEG, is a professional and scientific organization of 9000 geophysicists from 100 countries. Two‐thirds of our members reside in the U.S. We have 24 affiliated sections: 20 of these are in this country. Members of the SEG carry out, worldwide, $1 billion of geophysical exploration annually. Forty percent of this effort is in the United States. Two‐thirds of our work in this country concerns the highly important offshore areas. Our members are this country’s primary manpower and technology resource so vital in our search for new energy sources. Our Society is the primary international professional organization of geophysicists. Geophysical exploration involves the examination and measurement of the earth’s structure and composition in the search for minerals and energy. In carrying out this work, the full scope of physical sciences is involved, and our members have technical expertise ranging from geology to physics, mathematics, and most branches of engineering. Forty percent of our membership are associated with petroleum companies, 20 percent with private geophysical contractors, 20 percent with mining and engineering companies, and 20 percent hold academic and governmental positions. Nearly all of the geophysical data gathered on the U.S. OCS is collected by the geophysical contractors, while nearly all the management of the surveys and interpretation of the data is by oil company geophysicists. Let me begin by solving that the SEG strongly endorses the objectives of the three main bills being discussed in these hearings—S-426, S-521, and S-740. Section 102 of S-521 summarizes these goals.

Comments in reply to request of the United States Geological Survey on the Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Summary Report Regulations

Geophysics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-273
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Summary Report ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Proprietary Information ◽  
Data Summaries ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Reserve Estimates

We, the Executive Committee of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, wish to reply to the proposed Summary Report Regulations of the U.S. Geological Survy as published in the Federal Register, Vol. 43, no. 165, August 24, 1978, page 37771. Our reply is directed specifically to topic (3) Geological and Geophysical data summaries. (Summarized technical information used to derive resource and reserve estimates. Included where appropriate, and in aggregated form such as to protect confidential and proprietary information and data, Page 10–15.)

STATEMENT BY SEG PRESIDENT ROBERT B. RICE BEFORE THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AD HOC SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF, NOVEMBER 14, 1975

Geophysics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Select Committee ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
The U.S

I am Robert B. Rice, President of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, or SEG, is a professional and scientific organization of over 9000 geophysicists residing in 100 countries. Two‐thirds of our members live in the U.S. We have 24 affiliated sections, 20 of which are in this country. Members of the SEG carry out, worldwide, over $1 billion worth of geophysical exploration annually, of which 96 percent is petroleum exploration. Forty percent of this effort is in the United States. Two‐thirds of our work in this country (in terms of miles of survey lines) concerns the highly important offshore areas. Our members are this country’s main manpower and technology resource so vital in our search for new energy sources. Our Society is the primary international professional organization of exploration geophysicists. Geophysical exploration involves the examination and measurement of the earth’s structure and composition in the search for minerals and energy. In carrying out this work, the full scope of physical sciences is involved, and our members have technical expertise ranging from geology and geophysics to physics, mathematics, and most branches of engineering. Forty percent of our membership is associated with petroleum companies, 20 percent with private geophysical contractors, 20 percent with mining and engineering companies, and 20 percent hold academic and governmental positions. Nearly all of the geophysical data gathered on the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf is collected by the geophysical contractors, while nearly all the management of the surveys and interpretation of the data is by oil company geophysicists.

American and Canadian Civil Actions Alleging Human Rights Violations Abroad by Oil and Gas Companies

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Horlick ◽  
Joe Cyr ◽  
Scott Reynolds ◽  
Andrew Behrman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Law Of Nations ◽  
Forum Non Conveniens ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Political Question ◽  
The U.S

Under the United States Alien Tort Statute, which permits non-U.S. citizens to bring lawsuits in U.S. courts for human rights violations that are violations of the law of nations, plaintiffs have filed claims against multinational oil and gas corporations for the direct or complicit commission of such violations carried out by the government of the country in which the corporation operated. In addition to exercising jurisdiction over U.S. corporations, U.S. courts have exercised jurisdiction in cases involving non-U.S. defendants for alleged wrongful conduct against non-U.S. plaintiffs committed outside the U.S.The exercise of jurisdiction by U.S. courts over non-U.S. defendants for alleged wrongful conduct against non-U.S. plaintiffs committed outside of the U.S. raises serious questions as to the jurisdictional foundation on which the power of U.S. courts to adjudicate them rests. Defences that foreign defendants can raise against the exercise of jurisdiction by the U.S. courts are an objection to the extraterritorial assertion of jurisdiction, the act of state doctrine, the political question doctrine, forum non conveniens, and the principle of comity. These defences are bolstered by the support of the defendant’s home government and other governments.

Significant Differences in Proved Reserves Estimates Using SPE/WPC Definitions Compared to United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Definitions

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 520-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Harrell ◽  
Thomas L. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Publicly Owned ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reserves ◽  
The U.S

Summary A casual reading of the SPE/WPC (World Petroleum Congresses) Petroleum Reserves Definitions (1997) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) definitions (1978) would suggest very little, if any, difference in the quantities of proved hydrocarbon reserves estimated under those two classification systems. The differences in many circumstances for both volumetric and performance-based estimates may be small. In 1999, the SEC began to increase its review process, seeking greater understanding and compliance with its oil and gas reserves reporting requirements. The agency's definitions had been promulgated in 1978 in connection with the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 and at a time when most publicly owned oil and gas companies and their reserves were located in the United States. Oil and gas prices were relatively stable, and virtually all natural gas was marketed through long-term contracts at fixed or determinable prices. Development drilling was subject to well-spacing regulations as established through field rules set by state agencies. Reservoir-evaluation technology has advanced far beyond that used in 1978;production-sharing contracts were uncommon then, and probabilistic reserves assessment was not widely recognized or appreciated in the U.S. These changes in industry practice plus many other considerations have created problems in adapting the 1978 vintage definitions to the technical and commercial realities of the 21st century. This paper presents several real-world examples of how the SEC engineering staff has updated its approach to reserves assessment as well as numerous remaining unresolved areas of concern. These remaining issues are important, can lead to significant differences in reported quantities and values, and may result in questions about the "full disclosure" obligations to the SEC. Introduction For virtually all oil and gas producers, their company assets are the hydrocarbon reserves that they own through various forms of mineral interests, licensing agreements, or other contracts and that produce revenues from production and sale. Reserves are almost always reported as static quantities as of a specific date and classified into one or more categories to describe the uncertainty and production status associated with each category. The economic value of these reserves is a direct function of how the quantities are to be produced and sold over the physical or contract lives of the properties. Reserves owned by private and publicly owned companies are always assumed to be those quantities of oil and gas that can be produced and sold at a profit under assumed future prices and costs. Reserves under the control of state-owned or national oil companies may reflect quantities that exceed those deemed profitable under the commercial terms typically imposed on private or publicly owned companies.

scholarly journals The Influence of Information Power Upon the Great Game in Cyberspace: U.S. Wins Over Russian Meddling in the 2018 Elections

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Schafer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Information Power ◽  
Power Operations ◽  
Great Game ◽  
The U.S

The 2018 U.S. pivot in information and cyberspace degraded Russian operations in the 2018 election. Following pervasive Russian information power operations during the U.S. 2016 elections, the United States progressed from a policy of preparations and defense in information and cyberspace to a policy of forward engagement. U.S recognition of renewed great power competition coupled with Russia’s inability to compete diplomatically, militarily (conventionally), or economically, inspires Russia to continues to concentrate on information power operations. This great game in cyberspace was virtually uncontested by the U.S. prior to 2017. Widespread awareness of Russian aggression in 2016 served as a catalyst which highlighted the enormity of Russian campaigns and the crippling constraints on U.S. information power. This catalyst pivoted the U.S. from a passive policy of preparations and defense in information and cyberspace to a policy of forward engagement that successfully attenuated Russian efforts in 2018. By examining information power from theory development and Russian practice to recent reports and primary sources we find that the U.S. demonstrated the capability and willingness to defend forward successfully during the 2018 elections. Going forward, the U.S. must continue and expand efforts to contest cyberspace and counter disinformation to secure our democracy and the U.S. 2020 presidential election.

scholarly journals Sanctions in U.S. - Russia Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-520
Author(s):  
Charles E. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Rogue States ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The U.S

Given America’s leading position in the global economy, the U.S. government has frequently leveraged that power to punish “rogue states”, discourage nuclear proliferation, promote democratization, and create pressure for regime change. Washington relied on economic incentives in relations with Russia after 1991, but since 2012 the United States has utilized a broad range of economic sanctions against Russian side, leading to a significant deterioration in what was already a troubled relationship. In contrast to earlier comprehensive sanctions like those imposed on Iraq and Haiti, the U.S. is now crafting “smart” or targeted sanctions designed to exert maximum pressure on selected Russian elites and firms. Rather than evaluating the effectiveness of these measures on changing Russian behavior, the author explores the neglected domestic dimension of the U.S. sanctions process to improve understanding of U.S. foreign policy. This article draws on primary sources in the form of Congressional legislation, executive orders, and official statements to analyze U.S. sanctions imposed on Russia, and develops three brief case studies - the Magnitsky Act, post-Ukraine sanctions, and the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act - to explicate the main issues and actors driving U.S. sanctions. The author argues that domestic factors, including Congressional pressures and interest group activity, are critical to understanding U.S. sanctions regimes. While President Donald Trump has frequently resisted congressionally imposed sanctions, expectations for a more conciliatory approach towards Russia under the Trump administration have not materialized.

scholarly journals Virulence and Molecular Analyses Support Asexual Reproduction of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the U.S. Pacific Northwest

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1208-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cheng ◽  
X. M. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproduction Mode ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Systematic Collection ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Made In

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, occurs every year and causes significant yield losses in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). A large number of P. striiformis f. tritici races are identified every year and predominant races have changed rapidly. Barberry and mahonia plants, which have been identified under controlled conditions as alternate hosts for the fungus, are found in the region. However, whether sexual reproduction occurs in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population under natural conditions is not clear. To determine the reproduction mode of the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population using virulence and molecular markers, a systematic collection of leaf samples with a single stripe of uredia was made in 26 fields in the PNW in 2010. In total, 270 isolates obtained from the PNW collection, together with 66 isolates from 20 other states collected in the same year, were characterized by virulence tests and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 21 races and 66 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were detected, of which 15 races and 32 MLGs were found in the PNW. Cluster analysis with the SSR marker data revealed two genetic groups, which were significantly correlated to the two virulence groups. The analyses of genotype/individual ratio, multilocus linkage disequilibrium, and heterozygosity strongly supported asexual reproduction for the pathogen population in the PNW, as well as other regions of the United States.

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