A method of fracture characteristic parameter prediction for the tight clastic rock reservoir

Electrokinetic potential (zeta potential) is a characteristic parameter for description of the surface chemistry of solid flat materials and it can be used for a fast analysis of materials modified by different chemical or physical methods. Due to its sensitivity, zeta potential is able to distinguish surface modified by coating with monolayers of various materials or nanostructures created after plasma treatment. Also metal nanostructures deposited on surfaces can be characterized by zeta potential. It can also be used for isoelectric point determination of materials. We present data on zeta potential in 0.001 mol/dm3 KCl at constant pH7.0 and also in pH range (2.5-7.0) for isoelectric point determination for pristine polymers PET, PTFE, PS, LDPE, HDPE, PLLA, PVF, PVDF, PMP and polyimides (Upilex R, Upilex S, Kapton). The zeta potential of selected polymers, modified by plasma and by chemical coatings (e.g. by biphenyldithiol or polyethyleneglycol) or by gold deposition was measured too. Zeta potentials of these modified materials were also studied to confirmation that electrokinetic analysis is acceptable method for their fast description.

Download Full-text

Heidelberg-mCT-Analyzer: a novel method for standardized microcomputed-tomography-guided evaluation of scaffold properties in bone and tissue research

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.150496 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 150496 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Fabian Westhauser ◽

Christian Weis ◽

Melanie Hoellig ◽

Tyler Swing ◽

Gerhard Schmidmaier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Characteristic Parameter ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Independent Analysis ◽

Scaffold Properties

Bone tissue engineering and bone scaffold development represent two challenging fields in orthopaedic research. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) allows non-invasive measurement of these scaffolds’ properties in vivo . However, the lack of standardized mCT analysis protocols and, therefore, the protocols’ user-dependency make interpretation of the reported results difficult. To overcome these issues in scaffold research, we introduce the Heidelberg-mCT-Analyzer. For evaluation of our technique, we built 10 bone-inducing scaffolds, which underwent mCT acquisition before ectopic implantation (T0) in mice, and at explantation eight weeks thereafter (T1). The scaffolds’ three-dimensional reconstructions were automatically segmented using fuzzy clustering with fully automatic level-setting. The scaffold itself and its pores were then evaluated for T0 and T1. Analysing the scaffolds’ characteristic parameter set with our quantification method showed bone formation over time. We were able to demonstrate that our algorithm obtained the same results for basic scaffold parameters (e.g. scaffold volume, pore number and pore volume) as other established analysis methods. Furthermore, our algorithm was able to analyse more complex parameters, such as pore size range, tissue mineral density and scaffold surface. Our imaging and post-processing strategy enables standardized and user-independent analysis of scaffold properties, and therefore is able to improve the quantitative evaluations of scaffold-associated bone tissue-engineering projects.

Download Full-text

Evaluating of the spatial heterogeneity of soil loss tolerance and its effects on erosion risk in the carbonate areas of southern China

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-8-661-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 661-669 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yue Li ◽

Xiao Yong Bai ◽

Shi Jie Wang ◽

Luo Yi Qin ◽

Yi Chao Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Soil Loss ◽

Carbonate Rock ◽

Southern China ◽

Clastic Rock ◽

Erosion Risk ◽

Soil Loss Tolerance ◽

Loss Tolerance ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Soil loss tolerance (T value) is one of the criteria in determining the necessity of erosion control measures and ecological restoration strategy. However, the validity of this criterion in subtropical karst regions is strongly disputed. In this study, T value is calculated based on soil formation rate by using a digital distribution map of carbonate rock assemblage types. Results indicated a spatial heterogeneity and diversity in soil loss tolerance. Instead of only one criterion, a minimum of three criteria should be considered when investigating the carbonate areas of southern China because the one region, one T value concept may not be applicable to this region. T value is proportionate to the amount of argillaceous material, which determines the surface soil thickness of the formations in homogenous carbonate rock areas. Homogenous carbonate rock, carbonate rock intercalated with clastic rock areas and carbonate/clastic rock alternation areas have T values of 20, 50 and 100 t/(km2 a), and they are extremely, severely and moderately sensitive to soil erosion. Karst rocky desertification (KRD) is defined as extreme soil erosion and reflects the risks of erosion. Thus, the relationship between T value and erosion risk is determined using KRD as a parameter. The existence of KRD land is unrelated to the T value, although this parameter indicates erosion sensitivity. Erosion risk is strongly dependent on the relationship between real soil loss (RL) and T value rather than on either erosion intensity or the T value itself. If RL > > T, then the erosion risk is high despite of a low RL. Conversely, if T > > RL, then the soil is safe although RL is high. Overall, these findings may clarify the heterogeneity of T value and its effect on erosion risk in a karst environment.

Download Full-text

An Analysis of Packed Bed Liquid Desiccant System

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.680 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 390 ◽

pp. 680-684

Author(s):

Hesamoddin Salarian

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Characteristic Parameter ◽

Flow Rate Ratio ◽

Liquid Desiccant ◽

Packed Tower ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

New Type ◽

Packing Size

In this paper a new type of open absorption the liquid desiccant, air conditioning system will be introduced. The dehumidifier and regenerator play the most important role in this system.For liquid-gas contact, packed towers with low pressure drop provide good heat and mass transfer characteristics for compact designs. Thus, this analysis considers the packed tower liquid desiccant systems. The experimental data have been obtained from a built prototype of liquid desiccant system in a packed bed unit with a surface area per unit volume ratio of 125m2/m3, the liquid desiccant, viz lithium chloride. The result showed that the mean mass transfer coefficient of the packing dehumidifier was 0.02kg/m2s. Also the absorber characteristic parameter, the packing size or number of transfer units (NTU), and air-to-desiccant solution mass flow rate ratio (ASMR) are crucial parameters. These parameters affect humidity and enthalpy effectiveness and will be introduced and defined in this paper.

Download Full-text