Children’s Participation in the Decision-Making Process During Hospitalization: an observational study

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Runeson ◽  
Inger Hallström ◽  
Gunnel Elander ◽  
Göran Hermerén
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
Degree Of Participation

Twenty-four children (aged 5 months to 18 years) who were admitted to a university hospital were observed for a total of 135 hours with the aim of describing their degree of participation in decisions concerning their own care. Grading of their participation was made by using a 5-point scale. An assessment was also made of what was considered as optimal participation in each situation. The results indicate that children are not always allowed to participate in decision making to the extent that is considered optimal. In no case was it judged that a child participated in or was forced to make a decision that was too difficult for the child. The interactions between children, parents and staff were also described in connection with discussions and decision-making processes. This showed that parents do not always support their children in difficult situations and that health care staff often inform children about what is going to happen without presenting alternatives or asking for their views. Staff may, however, find themselves facing an ethical conflict in deciding between supporting a child’s view or following hospital routine. It is of great importance that children are looked upon as potentially autonomous individuals and that staff members realize that one of their core duties is to facilitate children’s participation in decision making concerning their health care.

scholarly journals Barriers to reporting clinical errors in operating theatres and intensive care units of a university hospital: a qualitative study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedighe Ghobadian ◽  
Mansour Zahiri ◽  
Behnaz Dindamal ◽  
Hossein Dargahi ◽  
Farzad Faraji-Khiavi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Organizational Problems

Abstract Background Clinical errors are one of the challenges of health care in different countries, and obtaining accurate statistics regarding clinical errors in most countries is a difficult process which varies from one study to another. The current study was conducted to identify barriers to reporting clinical errors in the operating theatre and the intensive care unit of a university hospital. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in the operating theatre and intensive care unit of a university hospital. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with health care staff, senior doctors, and surgical assistants. Data analysis was carried out through listening to the recorded interviews and developing transcripts of the interviews. Meaning units were identified and codified based on the type of discussion. Then, codes which had a common concept were grouped under one category. Finally, the codes and designated categories were analysed, discussed and confirmed by a panel of four experts of qualitative content analysis, and the main existing problems were identified and derived. Results Barriers to reporting clinical errors were extracted in two themes: individual problems and organizational problems. Individual problems included 4 categories and 12 codes and organizational problems included 6 categories and 17 codes. The results showed that in the majority of cases, nurses expressed their desire to change the current prevailing attitudes in the workplace while doctors expected the officials to implement reform policies regarding clinical errors in university hospitals. Conclusion In order to alleviate the barriers to reporting clinical errors, both individual and organizational problems should be addressed and resolved. At an individual level, training nursing and medical teams on error recognition is recommended. In order to solve organizational problems, on the other hand, the process of reporting clinical errors should be improved as far as the nursing team is concerned, but when it comes to the medical team, addressing legal loopholes should be given full consideration.

COVID-19 Infection among the Health Care Staff at Frontier Medical and Dental College and Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3328-3329
Author(s):  
Sadia Rashid ◽  
Saveela Sadaqat ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Iqbal ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Dental Hygienists ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
First Case ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Departments ◽  
Operation Center

Background: First case of pandemic COVID-19 was diagnosed in December 2019 in China from where it spread throughout the world. In Pakistan, first case was diagnosed in February 2020 which resulted in a complete and several smart national lockdowns. National Command and Operation Center (NCOC) and Ministry of Health published guidelines for patient’s treatments during pandemic which includes: 1) providing only emergency Treatments 2) Patient’s pre-admittance Questioning, 3) Increasing intervals between appointment, 4) prevent crowding in waiting rooms, 5) Wearing masks at all times. 6) Wearing PPE. Methods: Data from all clinical departments of Frontier Medical and Dental College and Hospital Abbottabad was collected between March and December 2020 which included Number of; 1) Patients treated 2) Medical Staff 3) patients with positive COVID-19 reports 4) healthcare workers suffering from COVID-19. And 6) Post treatment Virus Infected patients. Results: 291 health care staff including 135 medical and dental doctors, 4 dental hygienists, 82 paramedics and 70 Administrative staff worked during the study period and 3280 procedures were performed. Out of these, thirty-eight (38) staff members treated 190 verified COVID-19 patients. During the study period 6 dentists (2.06%) and 9 (3.09%) medical doctors, 2 (0.7%) assistants and 3 (1.03%) admin staff were tested positive for the virus. Conclusion: Present study highlights the importance of education and stickiness to the infection control guidelines thus minimizing the risk of transmission of corona virus among the Healthcare professionals in hospitals. Keywords: COVID-19; Infection control, PPE, NCOC

Mental illness among NHS health care workers: a survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Simon Sherring
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Evil Spirits

The literature suggests that mental illness among UK health care staff is common. This study reports health care workers' knowledge and experience of mental illness. Medical staff, administration staff and other staff members employed in four NHS Trusts (n=2073) responded to a questionnaire survey. A proportion of health care workers in the NHS reported having personal (colleagues, family and self) experience of mental illness. Some health care workers held causal explanations of mental illness that are not evidence based. This study found that almost half of health care workers reported experiencing a mental illness, which could have significant implications for service delivery. Some health care workers held causal explanations of mental illness that were not evidence based; for example, some respondents reported that demonic possession or possession by evil spirits was a very good explanation for mental illness.

Predictors of Caring in the Context of Relationship-Based Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Nelson ◽  
Mary Ann Hozak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Primary Nursing ◽  
Care Delivery Model ◽  
Relationship Based Care

The caring connection between patients and health-care staff members is important to both patients and staff. This connection is amplified in organizations implementing Relationship-Based Care (RBC), a patient care delivery model that has relationships with self and others as its central concept. A secondary analysis of data from 542 health-care workers in a health-care system in the northeastern United States was performed to identify a profile of staff factors that predict a caring connection as perceived by staff. Specifically, staff self-care, clarity (of self, role, and system), dimensions of job satisfaction, and demographics were examined in relationship to caring for patients. The study demonstrated that constructs within RBC do relate to the creation of a caring connection between health-care staff members and patients, including caring for self, having a direct relationship with the patient using concepts of Primary Nursing, clarity of role, and being a direct care provider.

scholarly journals Children’s Participation: Questioning Competence and Competencies?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Le Borgne ◽  
E. Kay M. Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
South India ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
Threshold Criteria

While Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child has encouraged children’s participation in collective decision-making, the literature is replete with the challenges as well as successes of such participation. One challenge is adults’ perceptions of children’s competence and competencies. These are frequently used as threshold criteria, so that children viewed as incompetent or lacking competencies are not allowed or supported to participate. Despite this casual elision between children’s participation and their (perceived) competence and competencies, the latter are rarely explicitly defined, theorised or evidenced. This article draws on research undertaken in Tamil Nadu (South India) and Scotland (UK), with two non-governmental organisations supporting children’s participation in their communities. The article examines how staff members can validate and enhance children’s competence and competencies, by scaffolding children to influence decision-making and recognising and adding to children’s knowledge. These empirical findings suggest the need for increased scrutiny of the concepts of competence and competencies, recognising their disempowering potential. The findings argue that competence is situationally and socially constructed rather than a set and individual characteristic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Perceived Experiences of Emotional, Physical, Sexual, and Health Care Abuse in a Swedish Male Patient Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Swahnberg ◽  
Jeff Hearn ◽  
Barbro Wijma
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Perceived Experiences ◽  
Abuse In Health Care

The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of and current suffering from emotional abuse (EA), physical abuse (PA), and sexual abuse (SA) and abuse in health care (AHC) among male Swedish patients and compare prevalences of abuse between female and male patients at a Swedish university hospital. For data collection we used the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire, which has been validated in a female sample and in the present study. The lifetime prevalences were EA = 12.8%, PA = 45.7%, SA = 3.8%, and AHC = 8.1%. Current suffering from abuse among participants was 1% to 9%. The women reported higher rates than men of current suffering from all kinds of abuse and more severe forms of abuse, such as life-threatening PA. Health care staff should be aware of the documented high prevalences of abuse and learn to make good judgments as to when to ask male as well as female patients about experiences of abuse.

Bringing an entrepreneurial mindset to health-care: a new tool for better outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Murray Gillin ◽  
Lois Marjorie Hazelton
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Health Care Industry ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Industry ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the value of an industry ecosystem in providing context for both identifying and evaluating organisation opportunities and related entrepreneurial behaviour for future strategic growth by reference to a case study in the health-care industry. Using a validated entrepreneurship mindset audit instrument, an assessment is made of the leadership, decision-making, behaviour and awareness dimensions of professional practice health-care staff to create the internal culture that fosters an entrepreneurial orientated organisation that can deliver effective innovation for satisfied users of health-care services. Design/methodology/approach This case study examines the distinctive dimensions of entrepreneurial mindset – leadership, decision-making, behaviour and awareness – within a practice-based health-care (nursing) ecosystem and how these dimensions impact organisation performance throughout the health-care industry. Findings This study validates research findings that entrepreneurial leadership encourages entrepreneurial behaviour and an entrepreneurial culture supports the development of innovations. Opportunities for such cultural behaviour are best understood by measuring the staff’s and leaders’ “entrepreneurial mindset”. Research limitations/implications Generalising results from this case study requires caution. The positive outcome from the professional practice examples, and their strong association with impactful entrepreneurial mindset values on service delivery, requires further evaluation. Practical implications Using an entrepreneurial mindset audit to assess organisation’s cultural behaviour enables management to identify factors fostering or inhibiting entrepreneurial activity and to devise interventions to improve strategic direction. Originality/value Entrepreneurial mindset is not a new concept, but adding the critical significance of spiritual awareness to creative entrepreneur behaviour, together with a visioning map, adds both value and understanding to enhance organisation performance.

International Models of Child Participation in Family Law Proceedings following Parental Separation / Divorce

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Taylor ◽  
Robyn Fitzgerald ◽  
Tamar Morag ◽  
Asha Bajpai ◽  
Anne Graham
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
Resolution Processes

This article reports on the findings of a 2009 survey conducted under the auspices of the Childwatch International Research Network about how children’s participation rights, as set out in Articles 12 and 13 of the UNCRC, are respected in private family law proceedings internationally. Court-based and alternative dispute resolution processes and the roles of relevant professionals engaged in child-inclusive practices are considered, as well as religious, indigenous and customary law methods of engaging with children. The findings from the 13 participating countries confirm an increasing international commitment to enhancing children’s participation in family law decision-making, but depict a wide variety of approaches being used to achieve this. Case studies from Australia, India, Israel and New Zealand are included to illustrate differing models of children’s participation currently in use in decision-making processes following parental separation.

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