scholarly journals The ethics and management of cannabis use in pregnancy following decriminalisation and licensing for medical use: narrative review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abdulazeez Towobola ◽  
Basirat Towobola ◽  
Bosky Nair ◽  
Arti Makwana
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Drug Policies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aims and method As drug policies pertaining to cannabis use become more liberalised, the prevalence of cannabis use in pregnancy could increase. However, there is limited guidance available for clinicians. This paper presents a narrative review of literature published in the past 16 years (2006–2021) to (a) address the impact of legalisation and decriminalisation on the risks, ethics and support of women who use cannabis during pregnancy and (b) develop guidance for clinicians. Results Both national and international trends suggest increased use of cannabis over the past decade, while the risks of cannabis use for recreational or medicinal purposes in pregnancy remain unmitigated. Clinical implications This review confirmed that the recommendation of cannabinoid-based products for pregnant and breast-feeding women is currently premature. More research is needed to address safety concerns. We discussed navigating ethical concerns and suggest targeted management strategies for clinicians treating pregnant women who choose to use cannabis.

Impact of dust and sand storms on the aviation operation and assessment of conditions for their occurrence at aerodromes in European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
A.R. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
E.N. Skriptunova ◽  
N.I. Komasko ◽  
A.A. Zavialova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sand Storm ◽  
The Impact

A review of literature on the impact of dust and sand storms on the air transport operation is presented. Observational data on dust storms at the aerodromes of European Russia for the period of 2001-2019 are analyzed. The seasonal variations in dust transport episodes at aerodromes and its relationship with visibility changes are discussed. The characteristics of dusty air masses and advection are given. It is concluded that the frequency of dust transfer episodes for the aerodromes under study has decreased over the past five years, except for Gumrak aerodrome (Volgograd). Keywords: dust storm, sand storm, aviation, visibility, seasonal variations, aerodrome оf European Russia

scholarly journals Process Management: the Case of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-77
Author(s):  
Marta Mazur-Małek
Keyword(s):  
Process Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Practical Nature ◽  
Modern Technologies

AbstractObjective: The objective of the article is to mark the introduction of process changes in relation to the Emergency Travel Document service by The Foreign & Commonwealth Office. The paper analyses the changes and relates them to process and cost management strategies. Thus, it presents how process efficiency may be managedMethodology: The article is of a theoretical and practical nature. The method used in the theoretical part is a review of literature on process management. The second part includes an analysis of The Foreign & Commonwealth Office’s own documents.Findings: The use of digitalization greatly facilitates the process for British citizens who are abroad and need to obtain a travel document. This facilitation applies to both customers and FCO employees. Numerous factors influence the processing time reduction, which in turn increases productivity.Value Added: This article presents an example of the practical use of digitization in the process of issuing the Emergency Travel Document. The value is to show the impact of modern technologies on improving the processes for the organization itself (in the form of optimizing operational costs and increasing efficiency) and for the customers.Recommendations: The use of digitization can be successfully implemented to streamline organizational processes. It can help in reducing their time and limiting human involvement. Increased productivity lowers the cost of a single unit of the service. The changes allow for a more standardized and repeatable service. The approach can be used to manage processes in any organization; though practical implications outlined in the text can serve as an example for other organizations offering similar services.

scholarly journals Trends of malaria infection in pregnancy in Ghana over the past two decades: a review

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Osarfo ◽  
Gifty Dufie Ampofo ◽  
Harry Tagbor
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
The Past ◽  
Apparent Reduction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Submicroscopic Parasitaemia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background There has been a global decline in malaria transmission over the past decade. However, not much is known of the impact of this observation on the burden of malaria infection in pregnancy in endemic regions including Ghana. A narrative review was undertaken to help describe trends in malaria infection in pregnancy in Ghana. Among others, such information is important in showing any progress made in malaria in pregnancy control. Methods To describe trends in pregnancy-associated malaria infection in Ghana, a search and review of literature reporting data on the prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnancy was conducted. Results Thirty-six (36) studies, conducted over 1994–2019, were included in the review. In the northern savannah zone with largely seasonal malaria transmission, prevalence appeared to reduce from about 50–60% in 1994–2010 to 13–26% by 2019. In the middle transitional/forest zone, where transmission is perennial with peaks in the rainy season, prevalence apparently reduced from 60% in the late 1990 s to about 5–20% by 2018. In the coastal savannah area, there was apparent reduction from 28 to 35% in 2003–2010 to 5–11% by 2018–2019. The burden of malaria infection in pregnancy continues to be highest among teenagers and younger-aged pregnant women and paucigravidae. Conclusions There appears to be a decline in asymptomatic parasite prevalence in pregnancy in Ghana though this has not been uniform across the different transmission zones. The greatest declines were noticeably in urban settings. Submicroscopic parasitaemia remains a challenge for control efforts. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of the reduced parasite prevalence on maternal anaemia and low birthweight and to assess the local burden of submicroscopic parasitaemia in relation to pregnancy outcomes.

Quality of Life in Family Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jes Sebastian Völker ◽  
Ioana Valentina Micluția
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

: Care for schizophrenia patients over the past few decades has shifted from inpatient treatment in mental institutions towards outpatient treatment options. While this has the potential to allow patients a more regular life with the ability to work and socialize, it has increased the burden on family caregivers. This state-of-the-art narrative review summarizes the most important factors, besides the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, that impact the quality of life of caregivers negatively. These factors include the impact of the disease on household income and socioeconomic status, anxiety, stigma, negative changes in family dynamics as well as an overall reduction of social and family contacts.

Changing Landscape of Recruitment Industry: A Study on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Eliminating Hiring Bias from Recruitment and Selection Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4404-4407
Author(s):  
P. V. Raveendra ◽  
Y. M. Satish ◽  
Padmalini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recruitment And Selection ◽  
The Impact

An emerging trend of implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies can be seen in such domains that were solely dominated by humans. Today, AI is utilized extensively in HR department to assist and accelerate recruitment and selection process (Martin, F.R., 2019. Employers Are Now Using Artificial Intelligence To Stop Bias In Hiring. Retrieved September 22, 2019, from analyticsindiamag. com: https://analyticsindiamag.com/employersare-using-ai-stop-bias-hiring/.). This paper attempts to present the impact of AI on recruitment and selection process, incorporation of AI in eliminating unconscious biases during hiring. The study addresses the rising questions such as how AI has changed the landscape of recruitment industry, role of AI in recruitment and selection process, whether AI can help in eliminating the unconscious bias during recruitment and selection process. In order to uncover the understanding and figure out the potential solutions that AI brings to the HR process, an extensive review of literature has been carried out. It is concluded by analyzing the past contributions that AI offers potential solution to recruitment managers in optimizing the recruitment and selection process and is able to negate human biases prevalent during hiring. The future waits for augmented intelligence technologies offering better results taking over repetitive administrative jobs completely.

Education in prosthetic and orthotic training: Looking back 50 years and moving forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-426
Author(s):  
Susan Ewers Spaulding ◽  
Sisary Kheng ◽  
Susan Kapp ◽  
Carson Harte
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Delivery Models

There is a long history of prosthetic and orthotic services helping to mitigate the impact of physical impairment by restoring function, and enabling and equipping the user. The training of health professionals who design, fit, and maintain prosthetic and orthotic devices has evolved over the centuries, reflecting an increase in knowledge, technology, understanding, and social attitudes in each era. Improvements in pedagogical thinking and biomechanical understanding, as well as the advent of new integrated technologies, have driven the profession over the past 50 years to modernize, evolve training and service delivery models in line with new attitudes toward clients, and search for new ways to improve users’ quality of life. In this narrative review, the authors examined the evolution of prosthetic and orthotic education, the impact of changing educational techniques and technologies, and the impact of the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics in that process. Through conversations with experts and review of peer-reviewed literature, accreditation documents, and the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics records and databases, the authors identified three areas of change in prosthetics and orthotics education over the past 50 years: (1) prosthetic/orthotic curriculum content, (2) pedagogy and course delivery, and (3) internships/residencies. This narrative review is a snapshot of a growing profession and we can only speculate where the next 50 years will lead us as we strive to serve patients, ever placing their needs and aspirations at the center of this professional service.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cooperative Learning on CHC Students’ Achievements and Its Changes over the Past Decade

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxian Chen ◽  
Yuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organization Mode ◽  
Heritage Culture ◽  
Emergent Learning ◽  
Confucian Heritage Culture ◽  
The Impact

Informed by emergent learning theories and multiple evidenced benefits, cooperative learning has developed into a widely accepted organization mode of class in the Western context. For the same reason, cooperative learning is transferred, during the past decade, into classrooms of Confucian Heritage Culture (CHC) contexts. Concerns, however, are raised regarding the effectiveness of the transfer, for contextual factors have long been acknowledged as a powerful barrier to borrowed initiatives, especially those that are not compatible with the deep-rooted cultural values in the situated contexts.This paper is built on Thanh-Pham’s (2014) review of literature, which is on the impact of cooperative learning on the CHC students’ learning achievements and conducted during 1990 to 2006. This paper has expanded Thanh-Pham (2014) with a similar review on available literatures, which were published from 2007 up to 2016. This review of 39 publications shows up noticeable changes regarding the impact of cooperative learning in the CHC contexts. Specifically, the positive findings have risen from 47.2% to 86.9%, whereas negative and null change studies fall considerably. Influencing factors are analyzed via SPSS22.0 Software and verified with exemplars. Reasons for these changes point to the changing context and adaptive agency.

How I treat leukemia during pregnancy

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milojkovic ◽  
Jane F. Apperley
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Fetal Survival ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Fetal Malformations ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Leukemia in pregnancy remains a challenging therapeutic prospect. The prevalence is low at ∼1 in 10 000 pregnancies, and as a result data are limited to small retrospective series and case reports, rendering evidence-based recommendations for management strategies difficult. The management of the leukemias in pregnancy requires close collaboration with obstetric and neonatology colleagues as both the maternal and fetal outcomes must be taken into consideration. The decision to introduce or delay chemotherapy must be balanced against the impact on maternal and fetal survival and morbidity. Invariably, acute leukemia diagnosed in the first trimester necessitates intensive chemotherapy that is likely to induce fetal malformations. As delaying treatment in this situation is usually inappropriate, counseling with regard to termination of pregnancy is often essential. For chronic disease and acute leukemia diagnosed after the second trimester, therapeutic termination of the pregnancy is not inevitable and often, standard management approaches similar to those in nongravid patients can be used. Here, the management of the acute and chronic leukemias will be addressed.

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