scholarly journals Differential attainment in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S28
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Shreya Varma ◽  
Radhika Gulati ◽  
Natasha Rishi ◽  
Nagina Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
External Support ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Communication Processes

AimsDifferential attainment (DA) amongst Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) medical students and postgraduate trainees including Psychiatry trainees has been extensively documented in medical education, with non-white medical students being 2.5 times more likely to fail high-stake examinations compared to their White counterparts. The Equality Act 2010 places a responsibility on public bodies such as Royal Colleges to address discrimination in training and assessment. Understanding DA in undergraduate medical education can help understand DA in the postgraduate setting. Consequently, this systematic review aims to detect the processes that enable and impede DA in UK undergraduate medical education.MethodSeven online databases including PubMed, Scopus, PyschInfo, and ERIC were searched. A formal grey literature search was also conducted. Inclusion criteria comprised studies dated from January 1995 to present and included UK undergraduate medical students. We present the preliminary findings from 13 papers, analysed to create a conceptual framework for a further mixed methods analysis. The studies were critically appraised for methodological quality.ResultFive key themes emerged from the preliminary analysis of 13 papers. BAME students experienced:Being ‘divergent’: Not feeling part of the current organisational learning milieuLack of social capital: Difficulty in being absorbed into existing ‘networks’ of relationships in a manner that is ‘approachable’ and not ‘intimidating’Continuum of discrimination: ‘Indirect’ impact of subtle communication processes in the learning environment undermining individual ‘belief’ in own performanceInstitutional discriminatory factors: Culture, rules, norms, and behavioural routines of educators that lead to differential outcomes for learnersLack of external support: Relative lack of interventions tackling DA.ConclusionThe key finding of this review is that British BAME undergraduate medical students experience discriminatory behaviours early in medical schools that impact on personal, educational, and professional outcomes. These factors may need to be borne in mind by postgraduate training organisations such as the Royal College of Psychiatrists as they commence the challenging task of addressing DA.

scholarly journals Group mentorship for undergraduate medical students—a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Elise Pauline Skjevik ◽  
J. Donald Boudreau ◽  
Unni Ringberg ◽  
Edvin Schei ◽  
Terese Stenfors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Mentoring ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Mentorship Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract Introduction Mentoring has become a prevalent educational strategy in medical education, with various aims. Published reviews of mentoring report very little on group-based mentorship programs. The aim of this systematic review was to identify group-based mentorship programs for undergraduate medical students and describe their aims, structures, contents and program evaluations. Based on the findings of this review, the authors provide recommendations for the organization and assessment of such programs. Methods A systematic review was conducted, according to PRISMA guidelines, and using the databases Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and ERIC up to July 2019. Eight hundred abstracts were retrieved and 20 studies included. Quality assessment of the quantitative studies was done using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Results The 20 included studies describe 17 different group mentorship programs for undergraduate medical students in seven countries. The programs were differently structured and used a variety of methods to achieve aims related to professional development and evaluation approaches. Most of the studies used a single-group cross-sectional design conducted at a single institution. Despite the modest quality, the evaluation data are remarkably supportive of mentoring medical students in groups. Discussion Group mentoring holds great potential for undergraduate medical education. However, the scientific literature on this genre is sparse. The findings indicate that group mentorship programs benefit from being longitudinal and mandatory. Ideally, they should provide opportunities throughout undergraduate medical education for regular meetings where discussions and personal reflection occur in a supportive environment.

The Effectiveness of Social Media Use as a Supplement Media of Clinical Skills Lab Learning for Undergraduate Medical Students in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during COVID-19 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahira Noor Fathiyya ◽  
Muhammad Reza Utama ◽  
Yelvi Levani ◽  
Yuli Wahyu Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Skills Lab

BACKGROUND Before COVID-19, it was recommended that medical education be conducted using the blended learning method in order to achieve an effective learning experience. However, it seems that distance learning is currently the best alternative to the previous learning method. Clinical skills lab activities, which are one of the learning methods in medical education, must adapt because they cannot be administered in-person. Social media has been proven giving a potential to supplement formal medical education for undergraduate student. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to examine the effectiveness of media social use as a supplement for clinical skills lab learning on undergraduate medical students in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We designed a protocol for creating a systematic review on the effectiveness of social media as a supplement media in clinical skills lab learning for undergraduate medical students in LMIC during COVID-19. We will be extracting information from appropriate sources online obtained from journal websites’ databases guided by the PRISMA-S checklist in accordance with the research problem. The included sources include randomized controlled trials, systematic review, and meta-analysis published between 2020-2021. RESULTS This manuscript is still a protocol and has not been implemented. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we will discuss the effectiveness of social media as a clinical skills lab learning for undergraduate medical students in LMIC during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Undergraduate medical students’ behavioural intentions towards medical errors and how to handle them: a qualitative vignette study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Kiesewetter ◽  
Karen D Könings ◽  
Moritz Kager ◽  
Jan Kiesewetter
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Case Vignette ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Behavioural Intentions

ObjectivesIn undergraduate medical education, the topics of errors in medicine and patient safety are under-represented. The aim of this study was to explore undergraduate medical students’ behavioural intentions when confronted with an error.DesignA qualitative case vignette survey was conducted including one of six randomly distributed case scenarios in which a hypothetical but realistic medical error occurred. The six scenarios differed regarding (1) who caused the error, (2) the presence of witnesses and (3) the consequences of the error for the patient. Participants were asked: ‘What would you do?”. Answers were collected as written free texts and analysed according to qualitative content analysis.SettingStudents from German medical schools participated anonymously through an online questionnaire tool.ParticipantsAltogether, n=159 students answered a case scenario. Participants were on average 24.6 years old (SD=7.9) and 69% were female. They were undergraduate medical students in their first or second year (n=27), third, fourth or fifth year (n=107) or final year (n=21).ResultsDuring the inductive coding process, 19 categories emerged from the original data and were clustered into four themes: (1) considering communication; (2) considering reporting; (3) considering consequences; and (4) emotional responsiveness. When the student him/herself caused the error in the scenario, participants did mention communication with colleagues and taking preventive action less frequently than if someone else had caused the error. When a witness was present, participants more frequently mentioned disclosure of the error and taking actions than in the absence of a witness. When the outcome was significant to the patient, participants more often showed an emotional response than if there were no consequences.ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of coping strategies for healthcare professionals to adequately deal with errors. Educators need to introduce knowledge and skills on how to deal with errors and emotional preparedness for errors into undergraduate medical education.

scholarly journals The Status of Medical Student Education in Pregnancy Options Counseling: a Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Farmer ◽  
Camille A. Clare
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Medical Student Education ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Student Education ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
The Status ◽  
Barriers To Teaching

Abstract Background The Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics (APGO) has acknowledged the importance of pregnancy options counseling by listing it as a “shows how” skill for all undergraduate medical students. Unfortunately, there is no standard curriculum utilized to teach medical students pregnancy options counseling or to assess skill sustainability over time. Objectives To review and summarize the literature on pregnancy options counseling in undergraduate medical education. Methods We performed a structured literature review searching Google Scholar, PubMed, and EMBASE for articles between 2000 and February 2020. Inclusion criteria were English language studies of M. D. and D.O. programs in North America with a discussion of pregnancy options counseling as it relates to medical student education. Results There is a small but growing body of literature on pregnancy options counseling in medical student education. The common themes across the 17 papers reviewed include the status of pregnancy options counseling in undergraduate medical education, barriers to teaching options counseling, the timing of education, utilization of the options counseling Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), learner challenges, and novel strategies for implementing education in options counseling and subsequent learning outcomes. Conclusions There is no standardized pregnancy options counseling curriculum in undergraduate medical education (UME). The landscape in which this important skill is being taught is one of random, insufficient, and uncoordinated curricular interventions. This is the only review on this subject, making it a unique summary on pregnancy options counseling in UME.

Leadership training for undergraduate medical students

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Maddalena
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Education Program ◽  
Management And Leadership

Purpose Physicians play an important leadership role in the management and governance of the healthcare system. Yet, many physicians lack formal management and leadership training to prepare them for this challenging role. This Viewpoint article argues that leadership concepts need to be introduced to undergraduate medical students early and throughout their medical education. Design/methodology/approach Leadership is an integral part of medical practice. The recent inclusion of “Leader” competency in the CanMEDS 2015 represents a subtle but important shift from the previous “manager” competency. Providing medical students with the basics of leadership concepts early in their medical education allows them to integrate leadership principles into their professional practice. Findings The Faculty of Medicine at the Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) has developed an eight-module, fully online Physician Leadership Certificate for their undergraduate medical education program. This program is cited as an example of an undergraduate medical curriculum that offers leadership training throughout the 4 years of the MD program. Originality/value There are a number of continuing professional development opportunities for physicians in the area of management and leadership. This Viewpoint article challenges undergraduate medical education programs to develop and integrate leadership training in their curricula.

scholarly journals Consensus-based antimicrobial resistance and stewardship competencies for UK undergraduate medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
David McMaster ◽  
Molly Courtenay ◽  
Catherine Santucci ◽  
Angharad P Davies ◽  
Andrew Kirby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background In the UK there is limited coverage of antimicrobial stewardship across postgraduate curricula and evidence that final year medical students have insufficient and inconsistent antimicrobial stewardship teaching. A national undergraduate curriculum for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship is required to standardize an adequate level of understanding for all future doctors. Objectives To provide a UK national consensus on competencies for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship for undergraduate medical education. Methods Using the modified Delphi method over two online survey rounds, an expert panel comprising leads for infection teaching from 25 UK medical schools reviewed competency descriptors for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship education. Results There was a response rate of 100% with all 28 experts who agreed to take part completing both survey rounds. Following the first-round survey, of the initial 55 descriptors, 43 reached consensus (78%). The second-round survey included the 12 descriptors from the first round in which agreement had not been reached, four amended descriptors and 12 new descriptors following qualitative feedback from the panel members. Following the second-round survey, a total of 58 consensus-based competency descriptors within six overarching domains were identified. Conclusions The consensus-based competency descriptors defined here can be used to inform standards, design curricula, develop assessment tools and direct UK undergraduate medical education.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 on Undergraduate Medical Education: A Letter from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Education ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Bush Fire ◽  
The Impact

First identified in Wuhan, China, on December 31 2019, coronavirus spread like bush fire. The WHO declared it as a Global Pandemic on March 11 2021. COVID-19 was termed novel based on newly identified pathogens, thus leading to a state of uncertainty regarding treatment and prevention1. This virus can present with an array of symptoms; dry cough, breathlessness, chest pain, myalgia, and diarrhea2. Undergraduate medical education has shifted to virtual learning systems to halt the transmission of the virus. This letter elaborates on the challenges faced and the impact of COVID-19 on the life of undergraduate medical students.

scholarly journals Factors affecting consultant attitudes to undertaking undergraduate medical student teaching in the UK: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e042653
Author(s):  
Isobel Marion Harris ◽  
Heather McNeilly ◽  
Hani Benamer ◽  
Derek J Ward ◽  
Alice J Sitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Student Teaching ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Medical Student Teaching ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to explore consultant attitudes towards teaching undergraduate medical students in the UK.DesignSystematic review.MethodologyStandard systematic review methodology was followed. MEDLINE, EMBASE and OpenGrey were searched from inception to August 2019 to identify studies exploring senior doctors’ attitudes towards teaching undergraduate medical students. Two reviewers independently carried out key methodological steps including study screening/selection, quality assessment and data extraction. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.ResultsFive studies were included in the review dating 2003–2015. Two studies used questionnaires, and three used focus groups/semistructured interviews. Key findings identified across all studies were consultants generally found teaching undergraduate medical students enjoyable, and consultants identified time constraints as a barrier to teaching. Other findings were consultants feeling there was a lack of recognition for time spent teaching, and a lack of training/guidance regarding teaching students.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review to explore senior hospital doctors’ attitudes towards teaching undergraduate medical students. Despite these five studies spanning 12 years, the same attitudes and issues regarding teaching are identified by all, suggesting lack of time particularly is a persistent problem regarding consultant-based teaching. An anecdotal impression is that consultants are no longer as enthusiastic about teaching as they once were, but it is evident over the 12 years of these studies that enjoyment levels, and presumably enthusiasm, have not changed significantly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document