Prospective Trial of L-tryptophan in Maternity Blues

1980 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Harris
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Middlesex Hospital ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Anxiety Depression

SummaryUnder double blind conditions 55 young, bottle feeding, multiparous women received L-tryptophan 3 g daily or placebo for ten days after delivery, and were also assessed daily for psychiatric symptoms. This treatment did not reduce ‘maternity blues', but the mothers' blues scores correlated significantly with the scores for anxiety, depression and hysteria on the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire given in the eighth month of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Gulf War Veterans with Psychiatric Symptoms (Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD) Significantly Improve on a Low Glutamate Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1192-1192
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Brandley ◽  
Anna Kirkland ◽  
Kathleen Holton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gulf War Illness ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Gulf War Veterans ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a low glutamate dietary intervention on measures of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in veterans with Gulf War Illness (GWI). Methods Forty Gulf War veterans were recruited from across the U.S. for a clinical trial examining the effects of a low glutamate diet on symptoms of GWI. During baseline testing, subjects completed the GAD-7 anxiety measure, the PCL-C PTSD scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and then were randomized to immediate dietary intervention or a wait-listed control group. All participants received intensive dietary training before starting the diet. After one month on the diet, post-diet testing was completed, then subjects were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover challenge with MSG/placebo to test for a return of symptoms. The challenge data has not yet been un-blinded; therefore, it will not be discussed in this abstract. Pre-post diet change scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests via SPSS®v26. Results Results demonstrate highly significant improvements in psychiatric symptoms associated with GWI after one-month on a low glutamate diet. Scores were reduced from a median (IQ range) of 9(13) to 4(8), P = 0.001 for anxiety; from 27(15) to 19(10), P < 0.001 for depression; and from 57(32) to 39(32), P < 0.001 for PTSD. Conclusions These results suggest that a low glutamate diet may improve depression, anxiety, and PTSD in veterans with GWI. Future analysis of the double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover challenge data will provide a better understanding of whether challenge with glutamate can significantly increase anxiety, depression and PTSD relative to placebo. Funding Sources The US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity, 820 Chandler St, Fort Detrick MD 21,702–5014 is the awarding and administering acquisition office. This work is supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the Gulf War Illness Research Program. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the author and are not necessarily endorsed by the Department of Defense.

scholarly journals Positive effect of polyprenol-containing drug on anxiety, depression and cognitive disorders in patients with acute coronary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
EI Tsoi ◽  
EV Vyshlov ◽  
VV Ryabov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction. Polyprenols (natural isoprenoid lipids) are precursors of dolichols which is present in every cell and involved in a dolicholphosphate pathway. It seems the polyprenols from plants can be used for a substitution therapy in dolicholphosphate pathway disorders. There is one polyprenol-containing drug in Russia – Ropren® which contains polyprenols isolated by the original method from needles of European spruce. In clinical trials hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic effects of Ropren® in patients with liver pathology and positive effect in alcoholic psychosis and Alzheimer"s disease were founded. Considering that the myocardial infarction is often accompanied by the phenomena of anxiety, depression and decreased cognitive functions that impair prognosis of the disease the search for a drug aimed at reducing the expression of these conditions is relevant. Purpose. To study the effects of Ropren® on anxiety-depressive condition and cognitive functions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods. Our registered single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial "POLYNCOR" were included patients (n = 68) with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized on the first day from the beginning of the symptoms. All patients received standard therapy (including atorvastatin 40 mg) and were randomized on 2 groups: the 1st group (n = 34) received Ropren® 8 drops during а meal 3 times a day (144 mg/day) for 3 weeks then 3 drops 3 times a day (90 mg/day) for 5 weeks; the 2nd group 2 (n = 34) received placebo with the same dosage regimen. On the 3rd, 10th days of hospitalization and after 2 months of therapy the following parameters were analyzed: the level of depression on the CES-D scale, anxiety on the Taylor and Sheehan scales, cognitive functions were assessed on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica v.10.0 package using nonparametric analysis methods. The results are presented as Me (Q1; Q3). Results. At discharge there were no differences between groups and the majority of the patients had signs of anxiety, depression and decreased cognitive functions. After 2 months of therapy comparing with the 3rd day of hospitalization the decrease of anxiety score: 2.5 (1.5; 7.5) vs. 15.5 (9,5; 20,5) respectively (p< 0.05) according to Taylor scale and 5.5 (5; 14) vs. 30 (17,5; 39) respectively (p< 0.05) according to Sheehan scale, and depression score: 8 (6.5; 9.5) vs. 18 (15,5; 20,5) respectively (p< 0.05) according to CES-D scale were founded in the study group. Also in the study group cognitive functions score were improved from 23 (21; 25) to 26.5 (25; 28) (p< 0.05) according to MoCA scale. Conclusion. Polyprenol-containing drug Ropren® contributes to significant reduction of anxiety, depression and improving of cognitive functions in patients with acute coronary syndrome after 2 months of therapy.

scholarly journals PROVIT: Supplementary Probiotic Treatment and Vitamin B7 in Depression—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3422
Author(s):  
Eva Z. Reininghaus ◽  
Martina Platzer ◽  
Alexandra Kohlhammer-Dohr ◽  
Carlo Hamm ◽  
Sabrina Mörkl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

Gut microbiota are suspected to affect brain functions and behavior as well as lowering inflammation status. Therefore, an effect on depression has already been suggested by recent research. The aim of this randomized double-blind controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Within inpatient care, 82 currently depressed individuals were randomly assigned to either receive a multistrain probiotic plus biotin treatment or biotin plus placebo for 28 days. Clinical symptoms as well as gut microbiome were analyzed at the begin of the study, after one and after four weeks. After 16S rRNA analysis, microbiome samples were bioinformatically explored using QIIME, SPSS, R and Piphillin. Both groups improved significantly regarding psychiatric symptoms. Ruminococcus gauvreauii and Coprococcus 3 were more abundant and β-diversity was higher in the probiotics group after 28 days. KEGG-analysis showed elevated inflammation-regulatory and metabolic pathways in the intervention group. The elevated abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria after probiotic treatment allows speculations on the functionality of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Furthermore, the finding of upregulated vitamin B6 and B7 synthesis underlines the connection between the quality of diet, gut microbiota and mental health through the regulation of metabolic functions, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Concluding, four-week probiotic plus biotin supplementation, in inpatient individuals with a major depressive disorder diagnosis, showed an overall beneficial effect of clinical treatment. However, probiotic intervention compared to placebo only differed in microbial diversity profile, not in clinical outcome measures.

Torsion dystonia: A double-blind, prospective trial of high-dosage trihexyphenidyl

Neurology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Burke ◽  
S. Fahn ◽  
C. D. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Torsion Dystonia

Value of a Single Night-Time Dose of Potassium Clorazepate in Anxiety: A Controlled Trial Comparison with Diazepam

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Analogue Scales

A total of 29 patients with anxiety or anxiety/hysteria, participated in a double-blind, cross-over trial of two benzodiazepine anxiolytics, diazepam and potassium clorazepate. The problems of a ‘carry-over’ effect and a possible order of drug administration effect are discussed in relation to analysis of results. Clorazepate proved the more effective drug, as shown by a reduction in total symptom scale of Kellner Symptom Rating Test and the reduction in sub-scales for anxiety, depression, somatic complaints and general neurotic symptoms with parallel symptom reduction in linear analogue scales. Side effects were infrequent with both drugs and posed no clinical problem. Potasium clorazepate in a single nightly dose of 15 mg proved to be more effective than thrice daily (5mg) diazepam.

Comparison of Clonidine and Epinephrine in Lidocaine for Cervical Plexus Block

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Rowan R. Molnar ◽  
Michael J. Davies ◽  
David A. Scott ◽  
Brendan S. Silbert ◽  
Patricia H. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Cervical Plexus ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cervical Plexus Block ◽  
Plexus Block

Background and ObjectivesCarotid endarterectomy under cervical plexus block offers the advantage of awake neurologic assessment. The hypothesis was tested that the addition of clonidine 5 μg/mL to lidocaine 1.5% for the block is as effective clinically as the addition of epinephrine 5 μg/mL but without the associated tachycardia.MethodsIn a double-blind, randomized, prospective trial of 40 patients, local anesthetic solutions of lidocaine 1.5% containing either clonidine 5 μg/mL or epinephrine 5 μg/mL were compared for cervical plexus block in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Each solution was administered to 20 patients with a total lidocaine dose of 7 mg/kg. The electrocardiogram, heart rate, and arterial pressure (radial artery catheter) were continuously monitored. Blood samples were drawn for determination of serum lidocaine levels during the first hour.ResultsThe block onset time (8.4 ± 0.6 minutes for epinephrine, 8.8 ± 0.8 minutes for clonidine) and duration (139 ± 6.7 minutes for epinephrine, 148 ± 5.8 minutes for clonidine) were not different between the two groups. During the period from completion of the block until incision there was a significant heart rate increase in the epinephrine group (23% mean rise) as compared with the clonidine group (4% mean rise) (P < .003). There was no difference in blood pressure between the two groups. The maximum plasma concentrations of lidocaine were 2.5-7.6 μg/mL (mean, 4.5 ± 0.3 μg/mL) for the epinephrine group and 4.7-18.4 μg/mL (mean, 7.5 ± 0.7 μg/mL) for the clonidine group (P < .0002). The maximum concentrations were reached 0-30 minutes (mean, 8 ± 1.4 minutes) after injection for the epinephrine group and 0-10 minutes (mean, 4.5 ± 7.1 minutes) for the clonidine group (P < .03).ConclusionsClonidine 5 μg/mL is a useful additive to lidocaine 1.5% for cervical plexus block to reduce the incidence of tachycardia; however, omission of epinephrine results in higher serum lidocaine levels.

scholarly journals Anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and COVID-19-related anxiety in the UK general population during the COVID-19 pandemic

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Orla McBride ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Jilly Gibson Miller ◽  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented global crisis, necessitating drastic changes to living conditions, social life, personal freedom and economic activity. No study has yet examined the presence of psychiatric symptoms in the UK population under similar conditions. Aims We investigated the prevalence of COVID-19-related anxiety, generalised anxiety, depression and trauma symptoms in the UK population during an early phase of the pandemic, and estimated associations with variables likely to influence these symptoms. Method Between 23 and 28 March 2020, a quota sample of 2025 UK adults aged 18 years and older, stratified by age, gender and household income, was recruited by online survey company Qualtrics. Participants completed standardised measures of depression, generalised anxiety and trauma symptoms relating to the pandemic. Bivariate and multivariate associations were calculated for demographic and health-related variables. Results Higher levels of anxiety, depression and trauma symptoms were reported compared with previous population studies, but not dramatically so. Anxiety or depression and trauma symptoms were predicted by young age, presence of children in the home, and high estimates of personal risk. Anxiety and depression were also predicted by low income, loss of income and pre-existing health conditions in self and others. Specific anxiety about COVID-19 was greater in older participants. Conclusions This study showed a modest increase in the prevalence of mental health problems in the early stages of the pandemic, and these problems were predicted by several specific COVID-related variables. Further similar surveys, particularly of those with children at home, are required as the pandemic progresses.

scholarly journals The Effect of Methylphenidate on Reed Scaling in Benzodiazepine Poisoning: A Prospective Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Masoud Latifi-Pour ◽  
Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
Helya-Sadat Mortazavi ◽  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
P Value ◽  
Poison Center ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Benzodiazepine is one of the most important causes of substance abuse and intoxication throughout the world and Iran. Objective: The aim of our study is to determine the role of stimulants in reversing CNS level in acute Benzodiazepine poisoning patients who were hospitalized at referral poison center. Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial study on 32 cases with pure acute Benzodiazepine poisoning from March 2016 to February 2017. Diagnosis of pure acute poisoning was based on history, and laboratory confirmation. We gathered the demographics, clinical data, laboratory data, hospitalization and outcome. Participants were randomized into two groups: Methylphenidate Group (MPH) and Placebo Group (PBO). Results: The randomized sample consisted of 32 participants who were predominately female (83%). The majority of the PBO group and the MPH group reported improvement in their consciousness with a significant difference between the two groups (p = .005). Paired sample t-test analyses on Reed Scale data revealed an increase in the probability of improvement during the trial for the MPH group compared to the PBO group. Furthermore, the HCo3 (bicarbonate) level has a significant p-value with respect to age groups (p = .02). None of our cases required either the ICU facility or intubation. Conclusion: Our study provided the MPH superiority over PBO in reversing CNS symptoms in loss of consciousness in acute BZD poisoned patients. Thus, this trial provides concrete evidence that improvement in consciousness levels (Reed Scale rated) among those patients receiving MPH was associated with a methylphenidate use.

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