Hysterectomy and Psychiatric Disorder: I. Levels of Psychiatric Morbidity before and after Hysterectomy

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Gath ◽  
Peter Cooper ◽  
Ann Day
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Present State ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Examination

SummaryOne hundred and fifty-six women with menorrhagia of benign origin were interviewed before hysterectomy, and re-interviewed six months post-operatively (n = 147), and again 18 months post-operatively (n = 148). Levels of psychiatric morbidity were significantly higher before the operation than after. On the Present State Examination, 58 per cent of patients were psychiatric cases before surgery, as against 29 per cent at the 18-month follow-up. Similar post-operative improvements were found on measures of mood (POMS), and of psychosexual and social functioning. Most of these improvements had occurred within three to six months after the operation. Both before and after hysterectomy, levels of psychiatric morbidity were high by comparison with women in the general population, but lower than in psychiatric patients. The pre-operative psychiatric morbidity had been mainly of long duration.

Hysterectomy and psychiatric disorder: are the levels of psychiatric morbidity falling?

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gath ◽  
N. Rose ◽  
A. Bond ◽  
A. Day ◽  
A. Garrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Present State ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
State Examination

SynopsisThis paper compares the findings of three studies carried out at intervals over the years 1975–1990. The three studies were concerned with different issues, but each study examined psychiatric morbidity among women undergoing hysterectomy for menorrhagia of benign origin.In all three studies levels of psychiatric morbidity were measured before the operation and 6 months after the operation. Psychiatric morbidity was measured with the Present State Examination (PSE) (Wing et al. 1974), and with established self-report questionnaires. Levels of psychiatric morbidity fell significantly across the three studies. In Study 1, the proportions of psychiatric cases were 58% before hysterectomy and 26% after; in Study 2, 28% before and 7% after; and in Study 3, 9% before and 4% after.The decline in psychiatric morbidity was not associated with demographic and social characteristics, previous psychiatric history, family psychiatric history, the nature of the women's menstrual complaints, or the women's understanding and expectations of the operation.In Study 3 anti-menorrhagic drugs were prescribed twice as frequently as in the two previous studies; while the prescribing of psychotropic medication was significantly higher in Study 1 than in Study 2 or Study 3. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Long-term trajectories of decline in cognition and daily functioning before and after stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2021-326043
Author(s):  
Alis Heshmatollah ◽  
Lisanne J. Dommershuijsen ◽  
Lana Fani ◽  
Peter J. Koudstaal ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Examination

ObjectiveAlthough knowledge on poststroke cognitive and functional decline is increasing, little is known about the possible decline of these functions before stroke. We determined the long-term trajectories of cognition and daily functioning before and after stroke.MethodsBetween 1990 and 2016, we repeatedly assessed cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 15-Word Learning, Letter–Digit Substitution, Stroop, Verbal Fluency, Purdue Pegboard) and basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL) in 14 712 participants within the population-based Rotterdam Study. Incident stroke was assessed through continuous monitoring of medical records until 2018. We matched participants with incident stroke to stroke-free participants (1:3) based on sex and birth year. Trajectories of cognition and daily functioning of patients who had a stroke 10 years before and 10 years after stroke and the corresponding trajectories of stroke-free individuals were constructed using adjusted linear mixed effects models.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 12.5±6.8 years, a total of 1662 participants suffered a first-ever stroke. Patients who had a stroke deviated from stroke-free controls up to 10 years before stroke diagnosis in cognition and daily functioning. Significant deviations before stroke were seen in scores of MMSE (6.4 years), Stroop (5.7 years), Purdue Pegboard (3.8 years) and BADL and IADL (2.2 and 3.0 years, respectively).ConclusionPatients who had a stroke have steeper declines in cognition and daily functioning up to 10 years before their first-ever stroke compared with stroke-free individuals. Our findings suggest that accumulating intracerebral pathology already has a clinical impact before stroke.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PSYCHOTROPICS ON NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
RAJESH VENKATARAMAN ◽  
MUHAMMED RASHID ◽  
AKHILA G ◽  
SHIJO DANIEL ◽  
AMALATHOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Drug Effect ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Before And After

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether psychotropic has any effect on neutrophils and lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in psychiatric patients. Methods: In this hospital-based prospective quasi-randomized follow-up study, we analyzed every 10 patients with newly diagnosed with depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder for complete blood count before and after treatment with the selected psychotropic. Results: There was a significant increase in NLR of patients with depression after treatment with psychotropic (p=0.001), also in schizophrenia, there was a slight increase in NLR of patients after treatment with psychotropic (p=0.005), but in bipolar disorder, there was a significant decrease in NLR of patients after treatment with psychotropic (p=0.002). Conclusion: The present study confirmed that psychotropics have a statistically significant effect on the increase in NLR in patients with depression, a slight increase in patients with schizophrenia, and a decrease in patients with bipolar disorder. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of the mechanism of psychotropic drug effect on NLR.

A study of the symptomatology and course of manic illness using a new scale

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Loudon ◽  
Cheryl M. Ashworth ◽  
Ivy M. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Present State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Manic Patients

synopsisSixteen manic patients were rated fortnightly on the Present State Examination and a new manic rating scale. After 4 weeks of treatment a high proportion of symptoms had decreased significantly, but some symptoms likely to affect social functioning persisted. The group displayed many depressive and anxiety symptoms in addition to recognized manic symptoms.

How many Psychiatric Patients in Prison?

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Coid
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Mentally Handicapped

SummaryThe paper compares the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity amongst sentenced prisoners and in the general population. Major psychosis was no more common in the majority of studies of criminal populations. Although prisoners have a higher level of neurotic symptomatology, this was mainly found to be secondary to imprisonment itself. Long term imprisonment was not found to be a precipitant of severe psychiatric morbidity or intellectual deterioration, and prisoners adopt elaborate coping mechanisms which may themselves be protective. However, there is a higher prevalence of mentally handicapped and epileptic prisoners, and doctors in the Prison Medical Service have to cope with frequent, serious behavioural problems. Prisons appear to be a particularly important area for future psychiatric research.

Clinical Change as a Function of Brief Admission to Hospital in a Controlled Study Using the Present State Examination

1980 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Knights ◽  
S. R. Hirsch ◽  
S. D. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Measure Change ◽  
One Year ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
State Examination

SummaryA randomized controlled trial of brief hospital admission failed to show any difference on clinical measures when compared with standard admission for all psychiatric patients admitted from a catchment area over one year. Psychotic and neurotic symptoms were examined separately and together, using the Present State Examination (PSE) a week after admission and three months later. Clinical outcome was not related to length of stay in hospital or psychiatric diagnosis. This study shows how the PSE can be used to measure change in clinical state for a heterogenous group of psychiatric patients.

A pilot study of the “Continuation of Care” model in “revolving-door” patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Juven-Wetzler ◽  
D. Bar-Ziv ◽  
S. Cwikel-Hamzany ◽  
A. Abudy ◽  
N. Peri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
Index Hospitalization ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After

AbstractPurpose:The efficiency of continuation of care (COC) treatment by inpatient caregivers as compared to treatment administered by outpatient services for “revolving door” psychiatric patients was tested in this study. Number and days of hospitalization were examined.Method:All patients who were hospitalized three times or more during the past 12months were offered continuing follow-up in the ward, by the same staff, instead of being referred to the outpatient department. Information on number and length of hospitalizations before and after initiation of this care model was retrieved from the hospital computerized database.Results:Of the 36 patients meeting the criteria, 35 patients agreed to participate. The number of hospitalizations in the 18months following the index hospitalization was 1.79±3.51 as compared to 4.67±1.79 before the index hospitalization (p = 0.0002), and the number of days of hospitalization 18months after was 24±41.65 as compared to 119.71±69.31 before (p<0.0001).Conclusion:COC via inpatient follow-up significantly reduces the number and length of hospitalizations in “revolving door” psychiatric patients as compared to the traditional system of follow-up in an outpatient clinic.

Behavioural Observation Schedule (BOS), PIRS 2nd edition A revised edition of the PIRS (WHO, Geneva, March 1978)

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S7) ◽  
pp. 78-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerrin Atakan ◽  
John E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ninth Edition ◽  
Observed Behaviour ◽  
And Function ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Current Behaviour

The Psychological Impairments Rating Schedule (PIRS) was originally designed by the WHO (Jablensky, 1978; see also Biehl et al this volume) and was used as a supplement to the Present State Examination (PSE) (Wing et al, 1974) in a number of collaborative WHO studies. It was mainly designed for assessing selected areas of psychological and behavioural impairments (or deficits) in patients who have suffered, or are suffering, from functional psychotic disorders. It comprised items and scales for rating observed behaviour and was filled in immediately or soon after a psychiatric or PSE interview. Raters were encouraged to take note of a subject's current behaviour and function both before and after the interview proper. The first two sections of PIRS included all behavioural items of PSE (ninth edition). Sections 18–20 as well as a number of items taken from other psychopathological rating scales and items formulated de novo.

The Psychiatric Consequences of Spontaneous Abortion

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 810-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Friedman ◽  
Dennis Gath
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Present State ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Examination

Sixty-seven women were interviewed four weeks after spontaneous abortion. As determined by the Present State Examination, 32 of these women were psychiatric cases. This rate is four times higher than in the general population of women. In each case the diagnosis was depressive disorder, a finding confirmed by scores on three depression rating scales. Many women showed typical features of grief. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with a history of previous spontaneous abortion, and less so with childlessness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document