Violent Death and Mental Illness

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth King ◽  
Brian Barraclough
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Accidental Death ◽  
Hospital Unit ◽  
Catchment Population ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of

The names of 412 residents of the catchment population of a district general hospital unit who died potentially self-inflicted deaths in the eight years 1974–81 were identified. They were classified as suicide (245), accidental death (126), and undetermined (41). In each group, over half had a lifetime history of psychiatric treatment and over a third were psychiatric patients at the time of their death. The relative risk of a violent death for those who died within a year of their last psychiatric contact was 27 times greater than that of residents with no recent psychiatric contact. The relative risk was highest for those aged 35–44 and lowest for those of 75 years and over.

Suicide among psychiatric patients of a district general hospital

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Fernando ◽  
Victor Storm
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Past History ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient Groups

SynopsisTwenty-two psychiatric patients who committed suicide while receiving hospital treatment or within 3 months of discharge from psychiatric care were studied using general population statistics, a random sample of 100 psychiatric patients and a control group matched individually with the hospital suicides. The rate of suicide among psychiatric in-patients was over 50 times that in the general population. A higher vulnerability to suicide was detected among in-patients (v. other patient groups), men (v. women) and middle-aged patients (v. older and younger patients). Suicides were differentiated from controls in having suffered more losses (P < 0·05), being psychiatrically ill for the first time (P < 0·05), having a past history of deliberate self-harm (P < 0·05), and not receiving a schizophrenic diagnosis (P < 0·02). People with mid-life crises, patients who swing rapidly into depression while receiving treatment, and individuals who are judged to be depressed because of personal problems may carry a particularly high suicide risk during psychiatric treatment.

Unexpected Death of Psychiatric Patients: Suicide, Misadventure, Accident or Unsolved Mystery?

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Salib ◽  
Ann Joseph ◽  
Sheila Cawley
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Condition Method ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Factors

We examined the association between the psychiatric history of patients who were the subjects of a coroner's inquest and the recorded verdict, in a seven-year retrospective review. A suicide verdict was less frequently returned on patients who had inpatient psychiatric treatment compared to other unexpected deaths. History and diagnosis of an alcohol-related condition, method of death and intimation of intent were the main factors that appeared to be associated with the coroner's verdict. Age, sex, duration of illness, time and number of admissions, previous suicide attempts and treatment received did not appear to be significantly associated with the recorded verdict.

Psychiatric Manifestations of Frontal Lobe Tumours

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ron
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Made In

In a recent article in the British Medical Journal Maurice-Williams & Dunwoody (1988) reported two patients with frontal meningiomas who presented initially to psychiatrists. The correct diagnosis was made in one of them after prolonged, perhaps unnecessary, psychiatric treatment. In the other the diagnosis was made at autopsy. In this case psychiatrists were only briefly involved and neurosurgical referral had been made promptly. The authors, who treat these reports as a cautionary tale, conclude by warning psychiatrists to pay special attention to a number of features in the history and examination of psychiatric patients. In particular we are told that suspicion should arise in the presence of gradual non-remitting symptoms such as irritability, memory loss, self-neglect, dysphasia or incontinence in patients without a previous history of psychiatric disease or clear precipitating factors. They also suggest that we pay attention to the views of relatives when they feel the patient suffers from a physical rather than a psychiatric illness, and emphasise that early diagnosis leads to easier surgical removal and better outcome.

Chronically Ill Psychiatric Patients in a District General Hospital Unit a Survey and Two-Year Follow-Up in an Inner-London Health District

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine O'driscoll ◽  
Jane Marshall ◽  
John Reed
Keyword(s):  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Health District ◽  
Original Cohort ◽  
Hospital Unit ◽  
London Health ◽  
Psychiatric Beds

A survey was undertaken at the end of 1984 of all patients occupying psychiatric beds for more than six months in an inner-London health district. Excluding those with senile dementia, 30 patients were identified. Two years later, a follow-up survey traced the original cohort and the accumulation of additional patients on the wards. The finding that the rate of discharge from the original group matches the accumulation of new patients into the survey suggests a need for new types of community provision within the district.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between a Lifetime History of Sexual Victimization and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110216
Author(s):  
Brooke N. Lombardi ◽  
Todd M. Jensen ◽  
Anna B. Parisi ◽  
Melissa Jenkins ◽  
Sarah E. Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Size Estimate ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Size Estimate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Size Estimates

Background: The association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and the well-being of women during the perinatal period has received increasing attention. However, research investigating this relationship has yet to be systematically reviewed or quantitatively synthesized. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to calculate the pooled effect size estimate of the statistical association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and perinatal depression (PND). Method: Four bibliographic databases were systematically searched, and reference harvesting was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles that empirically examined associations between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. A random effects model was used to ascertain an overall pooled effect size estimate in the form of an odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to assess whether particular study features and sample characteristic (e.g., race and ethnicity) influenced the magnitude of effect size estimates. Results: This review included 36 studies, with 45 effect size estimates available for meta-analysis. Women with a lifetime history of sexual victimization had 51% greater odds of experiencing PND relative to women with no history of sexual victimization ( OR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.35, 1.67]). Effect size estimates varied considerably according to the PND instrument used in each study and the racial/ethnic composition of each sample. Conclusion: Findings provide compelling evidence for an association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. Future research should focus on screening practices and interventions that identify and support survivors of sexual victimization perinatally.

scholarly journals Effects of Pregnancy Loss on Subsequent Postpartum Mental Health: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2179
Author(s):  
David C. Reardon ◽  
Christopher Craver
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Health Treatments ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Pregnancy loss, natural or induced, is linked to higher rates of mental health problems, but little is known about its effects during the postpartum period. This study identifies the percentages of women receiving at least one postpartum psychiatric treatment (PPT), defined as any psychiatric treatment (ICD-9 290-316) within six months of their first live birth, relative to their history of pregnancy loss, history of prior mental health treatments, age, and race. The population consists of young women eligible for Medicaid in states that covered all reproductive services between 1999–2012. Of 1,939,078 Medicaid beneficiaries with a first live birth, 207,654 (10.7%) experienced at least one PPT, and 216,828 (11.2%) had at least one prior pregnancy loss. A history of prior mental health treatments (MHTs) was the strongest predictor of PPT, but a history of pregnancy loss is also another important risk factor. Overall, women with a prior pregnancy loss were 35% more likely to require a PPT. When the interactions of prior mental health and prior pregnancy loss are examined in greater detail, important effects of these combinations were revealed. About 58% of those whose first MHT was after a pregnancy loss required PPT. In addition, over 99% of women with a history of MHT one year prior to their first pregnancy loss required PPT after their first live births. These findings reveal that pregnancy loss (natural or induced) is a risk factor for PPT, and that the timing of events and the time span for considering prior mental health in research on pregnancy loss can significantly change observed effects. Clinicians should screen for a convergence of a history of MHT and prior pregnancy loss when evaluating pregnant women, in order to make appropriate referrals for counseling.

scholarly journals Informal psychiatric patients requesting discharge

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-211
Author(s):  
Robin McGilp ◽  
Brian Kidd ◽  
Cameron Stark ◽  
Tom Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Against Medical Advice ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Discharge Against Medical Advice ◽  
Retrospective Investigation

A retrospective investigation of case-notes compared 54 incidents of informal psychiatric in-patients being detained in hospital on an emergency basis with 66 incidents of discharge against medical advice (AMA). The characteristics of the two groups were compared. Detained patients were more likely to have been detained previously, to be suffering from a psychotic illness, and to have threats of violence or self-harm mentioned in their case-notes. AMA patients were more likely to have a history of substance abuse but were no more likely than the detained group to have been discharged AMA in the past. The results suggest that psychiatrists in this hospital are using current legislation on detention appropriately.

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