Tacrine in Alzheimer's Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Eagger ◽  
Nicola Morant ◽  
Raymond Levy ◽  
Barbara Sahakian
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Practical Management

This paper concerns certain questions which arose during the analysis of a trial showing positive effects of tacrine in Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive improvement occurred during the first two weeks, reached a maximum at one month and was maintained during the rest of the three-month treatment period. Rebound effects were not detected in any of the key outcome variables, but were suggested by one of the supporting cognitive tests and other measures. Practice effects occurred on tests which were repeated at short intervals or too frequently. The paper discusses the significance of these findings for the interpretation of other trials and for practical management.

scholarly journals SHORT-TERM PRACTICE EFFECTS AND AMYLOID DEPOSITION: PROVIDING INFORMATION ABOVE AND BEYOND BASELINE COGNITION

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
K. Duff ◽  
D.B. Hammers ◽  
B.C.A. Dalley ◽  
K.R. Suhrie ◽  
T.J. Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Short Term

Background: Practice effects, which are improvements in cognitive test scores due to repeated exposure to testing materials, may provide information about Alzheimer’s disease pathology, which could be useful for clinical trials enrichment. Objectives: The current study sought to add to the limited literature on short-term practice effects on cognitive tests and their relationship to amyloid deposition on neuroimaging. Participants: Twenty-seven, non-demented older adults (9 cognitively intact, 18 with mild cognitive impairment) received amyloid imaging with 18F-Flutemetamol, and two cognitive testing sessions across one week to determine practice effects. Results: A composite measure of 18F-Flutemetamol uptake correlated significantly with all seven cognitive tests scores on the baseline battery (r’s = -0.61 – 0.59, all p’s<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer cognition. Practice effects significantly added to the relationship (above and beyond the baseline associations) with 18F-Flutemetamol uptake on 4 of the 7 cognitive test scores (partial r’s = -0.45 – 0.44, p’s<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer practice effects. The odds ratio of being “amyloid positive” was 13.5 times higher in individuals with low practice effects compared to high practice effects. Conclusions: Short-term practice effects over one week may be predictive of progressive dementia and serve as an affordable screening tool to enrich samples for preventative clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease.

Cognitive Improvement by Photic Stimulation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 860-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Furong Wang ◽  
Xianwen Luo ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Photic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

scholarly journals Cortical plasticity is correlated with cognitive improvement in Alzheimer’s disease patients after rTMS treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Li ◽  
Gangqiao Qi ◽  
Chang Yu ◽  
Guomin Lian ◽  
Hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Improvement

scholarly journals Shotgun lipidomics of liver and brain tissue of Alzheimer’s disease model mice treated with acitretin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna A. Lauer ◽  
Daniel Janitschke ◽  
Malena dos Santos Guilherme ◽  
Vu Thu Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Cornel M. Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Shotgun Lipidomics ◽  
App Processing ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a very frequent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ). Acitretin, a retinoid-derivative and approved treatment for Psoriasis vulgaris, increases non-amyloidogenic Amyloid-Precursor-Protein-(APP)-processing, prevents Aβ-production and elicits cognitive improvement in AD mouse models. As an unintended side effect, acitretin could result in hyperlipidemia. Here, we analyzed the impact of acitretin on the lipidome in brain and liver tissue in the 5xFAD mouse-model. In line with literature, triglycerides were increased in liver accompanied by increased PCaa, plasmalogens and acyl-carnitines, whereas SM-species were decreased. In brain, these effects were partially enhanced or similar but also inverted. While for SM and plasmalogens similar effects were found, PCaa, TAG and acyl-carnitines showed an inverse effect in both tissues. Our findings emphasize, that potential pharmaceuticals to treat AD should be carefully monitored with respect to lipid-homeostasis because APP-processing itself modulates lipid-metabolism and medication might result in further and unexpected changes. Moreover, deducing effects of brain lipid-homeostasis from results obtained for other tissues should be considered cautiously. With respect to acitretin, the increase in brain plasmalogens might display a further positive probability in AD-treatment, while other results, such as decreased SM, indicate the need of medical surveillance for treated patients.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural adaptation of the German version of the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale - Nursing Home version (QoL-AD NH)

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Nikolaus Dichter ◽  
Eva-Maria Wolschon ◽  
Gabriele Meyer ◽  
Sascha Köpke
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Us ◽  
Dementia Research ◽  
Almost All

Dementia is a chronic and currently incurable syndrome. Therefore, quality of life (QoL) is a major goal when caring for people with dementia (Gibson et al., 2010) and a major outcome in dementia research (Moniz-Cook et al., 2008). The measurement of QoL, especially proxy-rating, is challenging because of the proxy-perspective (Pickard and Knight, 2005), reliability (Dichter et al., 2016), validity (O'Rourke et al., 2015), and responsiveness (Perales et al., 2013). Probably due to these challenges, it has not been possible to show positive effects for QoL in almost all non-pharmacological interventions for people with dementia (Cooper et al., 2012). One recommended (Moniz-Cook et al., 2008) and frequently used instrument is the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale (QoL-AD), which was originally developed in the US for community-dwelling people with dementia. The QoL-AD consists of 13 items based on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from “1”=poor to “4”=excellent (Logsdon et al., 1999). The original instrument has been adapted for people living in nursing homes (NH) by Edelmann et al. (2005).

scholarly journals Cognitive Improvement is Correlated with Increased Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network by Personalized rTMS in Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wei ◽  
Jintao Wang ◽  
Yingchun Zhang ◽  
Luoyi Xu ◽  
Kehua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach

Abstract Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is thought to be a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease patients. Methods In the present report, a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled rTMS trial was conducted in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease patients. High-frequency rTMS was delivered to a subject-specific left lateral parietal region that demonstrated highest functional connectivity with the hippocampus using resting-state fMRI. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test (PVLT) were used to evaluate patients’ cognitive functions. Results Patients receiving active rTMS treatment (n = 31) showed a significant increase in the MMSE, PVLT-Immediate recall, and PVLT-Short Delay recall scores after two weeks of rTMS treatment, whereas patients who received sham rTMS (n = 27) did not show significant changes in these measures. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) magnitude of the default mode network (DMN) in the active-rTMS group showed a significant increase after two weeks of rTMS treatment, and no significant changes were found in the sham-rTMS group. There was a significantly positive correlation between changes of the MMSE and changes of the dFC magnitude of DMN in the active-rTMS group, but not the sham-rTMS group. Conclusions Our findings are novel in demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the fMRI-guided rTMS treatment in Alzheimer's disease patients, and DMN might play a vital role in therapeutic effectiveness of rTMS in Alzheimer’s disease. Trial registration: China National Medical Research Platform (http://114.255.48.20/login, No:MR-33-20-004217), retrospectively registered 2020-12-23.

P3-232: Correlations between cognitive tests and CSF biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S519-S520
Author(s):  
Claire Paquet ◽  
Julien Dumurgier ◽  
Sarah Benisty ◽  
Pauline Lapalus ◽  
Francois Mouton Liger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Cognitive Tests
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