Clonidine is not a Useful Adjunct to Methadone Gradual Detoxification in Opioid Addiction

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Ghodse ◽  
Judith Myles ◽  
Stephen E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Drug Dependence Treatment

BackgroundThe role of clonidine in the management of opioid-dependent individuals undergoing gradual detoxification.MethodA double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 86 voluntary in-patients (59 male, 27 female) aged 18–47 years, at a specialist drug-dependence treatment unit. Patients entered the trial when on 40 mg of methadone daily or less, and were randomised to receive incremental doses of clonidine (increasing from 0.2 mg daily to 1.2 mg daily) during a 14-day period of gradual methadone detoxification and for four weeks thereafter. Blood pressure was monitored and severity of opioid abstinence was assessed by questionnaire and by clinical examination.ResultHalf the subjects were withdrawn or defaulted from the trial by the end of two weeks, those receiving clonidine earlier than those receiving dummy medication (9 of the former and only one of the latter because of systemic hypotension). Similar proportions of subjects completed detoxification in the two groups. In those who completed detoxification, clonidine did not significantly reduce either the symptoms or objective signs of opioid withdrawal.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that clonidine has no place as an adjunct to a programme of gradual opioid detoxification.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a nasal spray containing Iota-Carrageenan in the prophylaxis of COVID-19 in hospital personnel dedicated to patients care with COVID-19 disease. A pragmatic multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (CARR-COV-02)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Figueroa ◽  
Monica Lombardo ◽  
Ariel Dogliotti ◽  
Luis Flynn ◽  
Robert P. Giugliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Nasal Spray ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hospital Personnel ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Significant Efficacy ◽  
To Receive

Background Iota-Carrageenan (I-C) is a sulfate polysaccharide synthesized by red algae, with demonstrated antiviral activity and clinical efficacy as nasal spray in the treatment of common cold. In vitro, I-C inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell culture. Methods This is a pragmatic multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing the use of a nasal spray containing I-C in the prophylaxis of COVID-19 in hospital personnel dedicated to care of COVID-19 patients. Clinically healthy physicians, nurses, kinesiologists and others medical providers were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive four daily doses of I-C spray or placebo for 21 days. The primary end point was clinical COVID-19, as confirmed by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction testing, over a period of 21 days. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04521322). Findings A total of 394 individuals were randomly assigned to receive I-C or placebo. Both treatment groups had similar baseline characteristics. The incidence of COVID-19 was significantly lower in the I-C group compared to placebo (1.0% vs 5.0%) (Odds Ratio 0.19 (95% confidence interval 0.05 to 0.77; p= 0.03). Workday loss in placebo group compared to I-C were 1.6% days / person (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.2); p <0.0001 There were no differences in the incidence of adverse events across the two groups (17.3% in the I-C group and 15.2% in the placebo group, p= 0.5). Interpretation I-C showed significant efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital personnel dedicated to care patients with COVID-19 disease.

A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial to evaluate the role of curcumin in prostate cancer patients with intermittent androgen deprivation

The Prostate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hyo Choi ◽  
Deok Hyun Han ◽  
Seon‐woo Kim ◽  
Min‐Ji Kim ◽  
Hyun Hwan Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals Efficacy of Standardized Extract ofBacopa monnieri(Bacognize®) on Cognitive Functions of Medical Students: A Six-Week, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navneet Kumar ◽  
L. G. Abichandani ◽  
Vijay Thawani ◽  
K. J. Gharpure ◽  
M. U. R. Naidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Second Year ◽  
To Receive

Rationale.Bacopa monnieri, popularly known as Brahmi, has been traditionally used in Ayurveda since ages for its memory enhancing properties. However, data on placebo-controlled trial ofBacopa monnierion intellectual sample is scarce. Hence this study was planned to evaluate the effect ofBacopa monnierion memory of medical students for six weeks.Objective. To evaluate the efficacy ofBacopa monnierion memory of medical students with six weeks’ administration.Method and Material. This was a randomized double blind placebo-controlled noncrossover, parallel trial. Sixty medical students of either gender from second year of medical school, third term, regular batch, were enrolled from Government Medical College, Nagpur, India. Baseline biochemical and memory tests were done. The participants were randomly divided in two groups to receive either 150 mg of standardized extract ofBacopa monnieri(Bacognize) or matching placebo twice daily for six weeks. All baseline investigations were repeated at the end of the trial. Students were followed up for 15 days after the intervention.Results. Statistically significant improvement was seen in the tests relating to the cognitive functions with use ofBacopa monnieri. Blood biochemistry also showed a significant increase in serum calcium levels (still within normal range).

Neuroprotective Effect of Reduced Glutathione on Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3478-3483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cascinu ◽  
Vincenzo Catalano ◽  
Luigi Cordella ◽  
Roberto Labianca ◽  
Paolo Giordani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Infusion Period ◽  
Toxicity Criteria

PURPOSE: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of glutathione (GSH) in the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients treated with a bimonthly oxaliplatin-based regimen were randomized to receive GSH (1,500 mg/m2 over a 15-minute infusion period before oxaliplatin) or normal saline solution. Clinical neurologic evaluation and electrophysiologic investigations were performed at baseline and after four (oxaliplatin dose, 400 mg/m2), eight (oxaliplatin dose, 800 mg/m2), and 12 (oxaliplatin dose, 1,200 mg/m2) cycles of treatment. RESULTS: At the fourth cycle, seven patients showed clinically evident neuropathy in the GSH arm, whereas 11 patients in the placebo arm did. After the eighth cycle, nine of 21 assessable patients in the GSH arm suffered from neurotoxicity compared with 15 of 19 in the placebo arm. With regard to grade 2 to 4 National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria, 11 patients experienced neuropathy in the placebo arm compared with only two patients in the GSH arm (P = .003). After 12 cycles, grade 2 to 4 neurotoxicity was observed in three patients in the GSH arm and in eight patients in the placebo arm (P = .004). The neurophysiologic investigations (sural sensory nerve conduction) showed a statistically significant reduction of the values in the placebo arm but not in the GSH arm. The response rate was 26.9% in the GSH arm and 23.1% in the placebo arm, showing no reduction in activity of oxaliplatin. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that GSH is a promising drug for the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy, and that it does not reduce the clinical activity of oxaliplatin.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Role of Compression Stockings in Preventing Post thrombotic Syndrome: A Review of the Literature

Thrombosis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abir O. Kanaan ◽  
Jayne E. Lepage ◽  
Shabdis Djazayeri ◽  
Jennifer L. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postthrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Background. Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a burdensome and costly complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Up to 50% of patients with DVT will develop the disease within two years following the diagnosis of acute DVT. Various risk factors for developing PTS have been identified and different modalities have been used to prevent its development. Compression stockings have been studied for the prevention of PTS in patients diagnosed with proximal DVT. Methods. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to identify relevant original articles. Results. Several trials including two metaanalyses have examined the role of compression stockings for the prevention of PTS. Although most trials showed significant reduction in the development of PTS with the use of compression stockings, limitations in study design prevent the generalizability of the data. Two studies supported an individualized tailored duration especially in patients at low risk for developing the syndrome. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving 800 patients is currently ongoing and may confirm the results of older studies. Conclusions. Clinical trials support the use of compression stockings in patients diagnosed with proximal DVT for the prevention of PTS.

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