The Surgical Treatment of Idiocy

1896 ◽  
Vol 42 (176) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Child Life ◽  
Operative Interference ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Cutting Out ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Popular Magazines

The fact that considerable attention has been drawn of late years, both in the medical and lay press, to the subject of operations undertaken for the relief of idiocy and other mental deficiencies of child-life, must be my excuse for taking up the time of this section with observations resting, not alone upon my own limited experience, but largely on that of others. The operation of craniectomy, or as some prefer to call it linear craniotomy (that is the cutting out of strips of bone from the skull), has, indeed, almost passed from the domain of science to the region of romance, and articles have appeared in several of our popular magazines under such sensational titles as “Creating a Mind,” which have led parents of mentally-deficient children to form extravagant conceptions of the powers of surgery in this direction. It may not, therefore, be inappropriate for medical men to weigh and measure the evidence which has accumulated during the last five years as to the possibilities and impossibilities of operative interference in these cases.

scholarly journals Female Doctor, Mistriss Mary Scharlieb. - (Physician to the In-Patients New Hospital for Women.) Surgical Treatment of Uterine Myomata. - (British Med. Journ., 1895, 12 / i, p. 68) .- Surgical treatment of myom uterus

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 714-716
Author(s):  
M. Ginzburg
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Female Doctor ◽  
The Subject

Mistriss Scharlieb performed 64 laparotomy, 20 of them - for myomas, are the subject of her report. From these 20 in 6 cases, the appendages were removed for the sake of stopping bleeding, in 13 - the tumor, uterus and appendages were removed, and in 1 - only the tumor. The first 6 recovered, the bleeding stopped in 5; of the rest, 14 two died from shock and 1 from a septic process.

THOMAS COBBET'S DISCOURSE ON THE RAISING OF CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Miller ◽  
Mary T. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Child Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Speaking Out ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

THREE HUNDRED years ago there appeared in New England a book on how to raise children—almost certainly the first of its kind to appear in this country. The fact that it was the forerunner of what in recent years has amounted to a spate of books and articles on the same subject is noteworthy enough. More interesting is the fact that it was written at all. Books on any phase of child life were rarities in those days. Individually, children 300 years ago were undoubtedly as important to their parents as they are today, but children collectively and their special problems had not loomed large in the public conscience. Here, perhaps, for the first time, the American an conscience is speaking out on the subject of children—through a minister whose parishioners approved what they heard from the pulpit and urged that it be set down in print. Because Thomas Cobbet deemed them worthy subjects, we can now catch a glimpse of children of early New England and compare their behavior and what Puritan New England thought about it with children and parents of today. The comparisons are made doubly interesting since our present culture is still heavily indebted to Puritan thought. Not much is known of Thomas Cobbet, the author.1 He was born in 11 Newbury, England in 1608. He attended Oxford but left on account of the plague. He was a nonconformist and chose to emigrate to avoid persecution. Cobbet arrived in Massachusetts in 1637 with Davenport, and was a colleague to Mr. Whiting of Lynn until 1656 when be became the pastor of the first church in Ipswich, where he remained until his death in 1685.

Ligaments of the Rectum: Anatomical and Surgical Considerations

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ordessia Charran ◽  
Mitchel Muhleman ◽  
Sameer Shah ◽  
R. Shane Tubbs ◽  
Marios Loukas
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Subject

The ligaments of the rectum have been the subject of controversy for decades. Not only have their contents and components been a source of contention, but also the very existence of these ligaments has been called into question. This article explores the anatomical features of these ligaments with implications for surgical treatment of rectal prolapse, rectal cancer, and resection of the rectum and mesorectum. A theory about the evolution of the lateral rectal ligaments and the mesorectum in humans and higher mammals is also presented.

Surgical Procedure for Treatment of Urinary Stress Incontinence

1993 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-103
Author(s):  
C. Tallarigo ◽  
L. Comunale ◽  
G. Bianchi ◽  
G. Malossini ◽  
A. Rovasio
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Urinary Stress Incontinence ◽  
Female Urology ◽  
Genuine Stress Incontinence ◽  
The Subject

Genuine Stress Incontinence (GSI) is one of the most important chapters of female urology. Surgical treatment of GSI still remains an area of controversy in urology. The authors give an up-dated review of the subject; valuable support for people involved in this field.

Different surgical treatments for nasal septal perforation and their outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Y Goh ◽  
S S M Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Septal Perforation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Nasal Septal Perforation ◽  
The Subject

Objective: To critically evaluate the literature on surgical treatment options for nasal septal perforations and to analyse the outcomes of these treatment options.Design: A systematic review of studies of nasal septal perforation closure using surgical intervention, published from January 1975 to March 2006.Data sources: Forty-nine papers were identified from electronic databases (all Evidence Based Medicine reviews (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, American College of Physicians Journal Club, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register), EMBASE, Ovid (Medline) and British Medical Journal publications) and from a hand search of the reference lists of retrieved papers. Textbooks pertinent to the subject were referred to for background reading. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria.Main outcome measure: Effectiveness of the surgical intervention to completely close the perforation.Results: Five studies examined the sole use of intranasal mucosal flaps to close the perforation, i.e. inferior turbinate flaps, quadrangular cartilage flap and mucoperiosteal flap. Eighteen studies reported the use of a combination of intranasal mucosal flap and interposition graft. Graft materials included temporalis fascia, mastoid periosteum, nasal septal material, acellular human dermal graft, conchal cartilage and porcine small intestine mucosa. Studies utilising interposition grafts generally produced higher closure rates. The surgical approaches documented include closed endonasal, unilateral hemitransfixion, external rhinoplasty and midfacial degloving techniques. A range of surgical treatment methods was reported in the literature, but some papers were excluded from this review as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. It was difficult to infer the true effectiveness of each study as the subject numbers were small, patient selection criteria were often unspecified and the follow-up period was brief. However, factors leading to an increased chance of success were identified.Conclusion: The review found an extensive range of surgical treatment techniques, but reported results were rarely statistically significant. It is difficult to be categorical about the effectiveness of a surgical treatment method; nonetheless, each technique has its own advantages and drawbacks.

scholarly journals III—On the Number of Dust Particles in the Atmosphere of certain Places in Great Britain and on the Continent, with Remarks on the Relation between the Amount of Dust and Meteorological Phenomena

1895 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Atmospheric Dust ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Made In

In a new investigation of this kind it is always desirable to repeat the observations under as many conditions as possible. The variables are so many that with a limited experience it cannot be expected that the subject will be exhausted, or that the conclusions arrived at from early observations will be in all cases confirmed. As an opportunity offered in the beginning of 1890 for repeating the tests made the previous year on the amount of atmospheric dust at different places on the Continent, it seemed desirable that the old ground should be gone over again rather than that the investigation should be extended to new areas. The observations made in this country have also been confined to the same stations as in 1889; and in this paper I intend giving the results of a series of tests repeated at the same stations, at about the same dates, but under the conditions existing in 1890, as has already been given for 1889 in Part I. of this subject.

Tuberculosis Among Children And Adults

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-376
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In Infants And Children

This book is a monumental addition to the literature on the problem of tuberculosis. It is well written in the author's clearcut orderly style. He tells the whole story of tuberculosis, especially in infants and children and young adults. The book is divided in 4 parts: 1. Tuberculosis in Infancy; 2. Tuberculosis in Childhood; 3. Tuberculosis Among Young Adults; 4. Recent Progress in Tuberculosis Control with special articles on the Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis by Authorities on the Subject.

As for clinical classification of diabetic retinopathy (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
K.N. Akhtyamov ◽  
◽  
M.R. Kalanov ◽  
R.M. Zainullin ◽  
T.A. Khalimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
Optimal Classification ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Combined Interventions

Currently no unified generally accepted classification of intraocular changes due to diabetes mellitus (DM), in particular, diabetic retinopathy (DR). The methodological heterogeneity of the existing classifications is largely due to the different directions of their application. Some classifications are optimal for the choice of surgical treatment tactics, others - for laser and / or combined interventions. Obviously, the valuation of any classification lies in the completeness whole palette of available clinical and morphological changes considering staging pathogenetic process. Therefore, the search for optimal classification of DR that meets current possibilities of treating vitreoretinal pathology is the subject of a lively discussion. Key words: classifications, diabetic retinopathy, advantages and limitations.

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Dissection

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Wilson ◽  
D. J. Oldring ◽  
Kathleen Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Recurrent Nerve ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

This case study describes successful management of spastic dysphonia using a procedure whereby the right recurrent laryngeal nerve was severed. Thirteen months following the surgical treatment, the subject reported a return of the preoperative vocal characteristics of spastic dysphonia. Tests and inspection revealed that the right recurrent nerve was again intact and the right vocal fold was functional. A second surgical procedure was performed, modified to prevent neural reconnection, with a return of the improved voice observed following the initial surgery. The results are discussed in terms of etiological considerations of spastic dysphonia.

scholarly journals Especificações para novos materiais à surgirem na odontologia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Léo Werner Süffert
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Subject

The author discussing the subject - specifications for new materials wich may be abailable in Dentistry - or - Trends in Standardization of new Dental Materials, indicates the possibilitty of different opinios with regard to specifications when we are endeavoring to evaluate a new material which occasionally appears or is likely to appear in the field of dentistry. The proof or validity of a test toda is very difficult to arrive at categorically, considering the enormous difficalty of carrying out the tests and, the limited experience in statistically valid clinical evaluation. He concludes that it seems rarional to evaluate new materials which appear in the dental field, initialy according to specifications already existing for materials, wich the new material may eventually suplant or be employed as substitute.

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