scholarly journals Combined impact of smoking and heavy alcohol use on cognitive decline in early old age: Whitehall II prospective cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Hagger-Johnson ◽  
Séverine Sabia ◽  
Eric John Brunner ◽  
Martin Shipley ◽  
Martin Bobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Combined Impact

BackgroundIdentifying modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline may inform prevention of dementia.AimsTo examine the combined impact of cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol consumption on cognitive decline from midlife.MethodProspective cohort study (Whitehall II cohort) with three clinical examinations in 1997/99, 2002/04 and 2007/09. Participants were 6473 adults (72% men), mean age 55.76 years (s.d. = 6.02) in 1997/99. Four cognitive tests, assessed three times over 10 years, combined into a global z-score (mean 0, s.d. = 1).ResultsAge-related decline in the global cognitive score was faster in individuals who were smoking heavy drinkers than in non-smoking moderate alcohol drinkers (reference group). The interaction term (P = 0.04) suggested that the combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption were greater than their individual effects. Adjusting for age, gender, education and chronic diseases, 10-year decline in global cognition was −0.42 z-scores (95% Cl −0.45 to −0.39) for the reference group. In individuals who were heavy alcohol drinkers who also smoked the decline was −0.57 z-scores (95% Cl −0.67 to −0.48); 36% faster than the reference group.ConclusionsIndividuals who were smokers who drank alcohol heavily had a 36% faster cognitive decline, equivalent to an age-effect of 2 extra years over 10-year follow-up, compared with individuals who were non-smoking moderate drinkers.

scholarly journals Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Visible Age-Related Signs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study”

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Christoffersen ◽  
Ruth Frikke-Schmidt ◽  
Peter Schnohr ◽  
Gorm B. Jensen ◽  
Børge G. Nordestgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Age Related

Serum Uric Acid Levels and Their Changes and Risk of Stroke: A 7-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Northwest China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shan Zheng ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Qian Miao ◽  
Zhiyuan Cheng ◽  
Yanli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Over Time

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> It is not clear whether serum uric acid (SUA) levels and their changes over time are associated with the risk of stroke. A 7-year prospective cohort study in northwest China was conducted to analyze effects of SUA and their changes on the risk of stroke. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 23,262 individuals without cardiovascular disease in the Jinchang cohort were followed up for an average of 5.26 years. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of stroke incidence to SUA and relative changes in SUA. Sensitivity analysis was performed after controlling the effect of renal insufficiency. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Baseline SUA and relative changes in SUA were positively correlated with the incidence of stroke in both males and females (<i>p</i> for overall association &#x3c;0.0001). Stroke risk increased by 4.6% per 10% increase in the relative change of SUA (HR = 1.046, 95% CI, 1.007–1.086). The fully adjusted regression analysis demonstrated that only the large gain (&#x3e;30%) in SUA was associated with an increased risk of stroke by 36.5% (95% CI, 1.8–83.0%), compared with the reference group (participants within ±10% changes in SUA). The same trend was observed in people with normal baseline SUA. In the unadjusted model, the risk of stroke associated with elevated SUA was significantly higher in the hyperuricemia group than in the normal SUA group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> High initial SUA concentration and an increase in SUA concentration over time would increase the risk of stroke, and this means that there is no safe increase in SUA.

Occlusal force predicted cognitive decline among 70- and 80-year-old Japanese: A 3-year prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Kodai Hatta ◽  
Yasuyuki Gondo ◽  
Kei Kamide ◽  
Yukie Masui ◽  
Hiroki Inagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Occlusal Force ◽  
Old Japanese

scholarly journals Effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of adverse events in atrial fibrillation: from the COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of Atrial Fibrillation (CODE-AF) registry

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chewan Lim ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Hee Tae Yu ◽  
So-Ryoung Lee ◽  
Myung-Jin Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

Abstract Aims The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and atrial fibrillation (AF)-related adverse events in the AF population. Methods and results A total of 9411 patients with nonvalvular AF in a prospective observational registry were categorized into four groups according to the amount of alcohol consumption—abstainer-rare, light (&lt;100 g/week), moderate (100–200 g/week), and heavy (≥200 g/week). Data on adverse events (ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, systemic embolic event, or AF hospitalization including for AF rate or rhythm control and heart failure management) were collected for 17.4 ± 7.3 months. A Cox proportional hazard models was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), and propensity score matching was conducted to validate the results. The heavy alcohol consumption group showed an increased risk of composite adverse outcomes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.66] compared with the reference group (abstainer-rare group). However, no significant increased risk for adverse outcomes was observed in the light (aHR 0.88, 95% CI 0.68–1.13) and moderate (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.63–1.33) groups. In subgroup analyses, adverse effect of heavy alcohol consumption was significant, especially among patients with low CHA2DS2-VASc score, without hypertension, and in whom β-blocker were not prescribed. Conclusion Our findings suggest that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of adverse events in patients with AF, whereas light or moderate alcohol consumption does not.

scholarly journals Sexual activity and cognitive decline in older age: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Smith ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Guillermo F. López-Sánchez ◽  
Joe Firth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Older Age
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