scholarly journals Novel Approaches for Monitoring and Controlling Major Cancer Risk Factors in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
Yawei Zhang ◽  
Baosen Zhou ◽  
Hongmei Zeng ◽  
Yongbing Xiang ◽  
Jinfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

PURPOSE Globally, approximately one fourth of newly diagnosed cancer cases (24%) and one third of cancer deaths (30%) in 2018 occurred in China. Despite advanced scientific knowledge about risk factors, the incidence of many cancers continuous to increase, which indicates an urgent need for an effective preventive strategy. METHODS For better monitoring and control of major cancer risk factors in China, a research program was launched at the end of 2016. The program aims to develop novel algorithms for cancer risk prediction and prevention, build tools for both real-time risk factor collection and for transmission of intervention-related messages, and to create a cancer prevention platform. It is funded by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology. The China National Cancer Center plays a leading role. RESULTS This research program includes 5 projects. The first project will develop a means of collecting data on major cancer risk factors and personalized prevention message-sending apps. The second project will establish 20 population-based, high-quality tumor registries with extensive information on cancer treatment and prognosis. The third project will validate the apps and models developed through the first project in 6 large prospective cohort studies involving diverse populations. The fourth project will apply temporal and spatial high-dimensional data-mining approaches and use historical data, including national cancer incidence and mortality data, air pollution monitoring data, national surveys on smoking and nutrition, etc, to develop a cancer incidence and mortality mapping system. The fifth project will build risk prediction models and establish a cancer prevention Web site to showcase results from other projects. CONCLUSION This study has the potential to revolutionize the path of current cancer prevention by leading it toward personalized cancer prevention.

scholarly journals Kenyan Youth Understanding of Cancer, Cancer Risk and Cancer Prevention: An Ethnographic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 15s-15s
Author(s):  
D. Busolo ◽  
R.L. Woodgate ◽  
T. Hack ◽  
K. Decker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Study Results

Background: Cancer incidence and mortality continues to rise worldwide including in Kenya. Among the groups that are likely to get cancer in future are Kenyan youth that engage in behavior that can increase their lifetime cancer risk. Despite this awareness, little is known about Kenyan youth's understanding of cancer, cancer risk, and cancer prevention. Such awareness is needed to inform germane cancer prevention and health promotion initiatives. Aim: The purpose of this ethnographic study was to explore Kenyan youth's understanding of cancer, cancer risk, and cancer prevention. Methods: Fifty-three youth (ages 12-19) took part in individual interviews and focus group discussions. Results: In their conceptualization of cancer, youth described cancer in ways that are grouped into two themes: there is no other disease like it and lay understanding through metaphors. In their conceptualization of cancer risk, youth described cancer in ways that are grouped as cancer risk as lifestyle factors and the process of risk perception. Finally, in conceptualization of cancer prevention, youth described cancer prevention in ways that are grouped into the following themes: avoiding cancer risk factors, avoiding peers who partake in risk factors, and being healthy. Conclusion: This study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Kenya and adds to the body of knowledge in this area. Despite limited cancer control plans, youth described the grim consequences of getting cancer, their chances of getting the disease, and proposed opportunities for prevention. The study results will create a platform for future cancer prevention research and health promotion programs in Kenya and other part of Africa.

Public perception of cancer risk.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1559-1559
Author(s):  
Lisa Burns ◽  
Ursula Kenny ◽  
Laura Healy ◽  
Samantha Cushen ◽  
Seamus O'Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Food Irradiation ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

1559 Background: The public’s knowledge of cancer risk factors has rarely been studied in Ireland. An understanding of this can help inform cancer prevention programs. Methods: An online surveywas used to assess the public’s perception of cancer risk. Results: 525 people completed the survey. Mean age was 40yrs (range:18-74), 82% were female and 36% had college degrees. 81% were concerned about developing cancer, however 20% believed if cancer was in their family there was nothing they could do about personal cancer risk. 20% did not know that cancer risk increased with age, 27% believed that >50% of cancers are inherited, and 54% believed 10-20% of cancers are inherited. The top 5 risk factors listed by respondents were: smoking 85%, diet 74%, alcohol 44%, genetics 38%, and environment 31%. Only 32% were aware that obesity is a risk factor for cancer and 33% did not think the location of fat was important for cancer prevention. When given a list of potential behaviours relevant to cancer risk 33% believed wearing a tight bra and 49% believed a blow to the breast could increase cancer risk. 87% believed genetics ‘strongly’ increased risk, 85% stress, and 86% believed cell phones increased risk. 12% believed ‘luck’ was important in avoiding cancer, 35% thought ‘detox’ diets and 61% believed organic food reduced risk. Only 33% agreed with the statement that ‘frozen vegetables/fruit are as good as fresh’, 40% were unaware of the link between red meat and cancer. The following foods were thought to increase risk: cheese (29%), soy (9%), milk chocolate (30%), red wine (25%), and eggs (11%). Aerosol use (71%), cleaning agents (73%), smoking (99%), cooking methods (68%), processed meat (86%), food irradiation (77%), and genetically modified foods (81%) were believed to increased risk. The majority were aware that berries, green tea, garlic, brassica vegetables and physical activity of 30 minutes a day can reduce cancer risk. Conclusions: There is a sizable portion of the population who are misinformed about cancer risk. Most are aware of classic risk factors (e.g. smoking, poor diet). Many overestimate risk attributable to genetics, environment, stress, and underestimate age, obesity and sunlight. One in 5 believes lifetime risk of cancer is non-modifiable.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors Associated with the Sources of Water Consumption and the Some Features of Diet in Perm Krai

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Feldblum ◽  
M. H. Alyeva ◽  
A. O. Kanina ◽  
V. N. Gryaznov ◽  
D. V. Zitta
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Colorectal cancer (CRC) dominants in incidence and mortality among all malignant tumors, it is observed both globally and different regions of Russia. The results of analytical epidemiological study «case-control» on the impact of the colorectal cancer risk factors are presented. Considered risk factors were associated with the sources of water consumption and the some features of diet in Permski Krai. Questionnaire surveys of 200 patients with CRC and 200 healthy individuals were performed. Observation and control groups were spread evenly by sex, age and ethnicity. It was determined following risk factors: consumption of municipal unboiled water and well water, sour cream intake, high concentration of salt in the food, fat, fried and spicy meal as well. There were protective factors such us consumption of municipal boiled water and intake of total dairy products more than 1000 g per week.

Behavior and Cancer Prevention

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn C. Gotay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

This paper reviews research on the effects of behavioral risk factors on cancer incidence, as well as behavioral interventions for cancer prevention. Risk factors discussed here—tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and obesity/energy balance—are all linked with cancer etiology, and effective behavioral interventions have been developed in all of these areas. The most effective interventions appear to incorporate various components; for example, including individual as well as family activities, and involving multiple community organizations in behavior-changing activities. Behavioral theories have guided the design of these interventions, providing support that certain influences on behavior, such as self-efficacy, problem-solving skills, and social support, are important regardless of the specific behavioral target. As illustrated by the recent lowered lung cancer incidence and mortality rates for men and women, behavior change is possible and effective in cancer prevention. Clinical guidelines have been established for behavioral aspects of treatments for smoking cessation, dietary guideline compliance, physical activity, and obesity reduction, and new tools for dissemination of effective intervention materials will be helpful in increasing their use. Documenting the cost-effectiveness of behavioral interventions, using new technology interventions, and building on translational research to tailor interventions to individuals offer considerable promise for the future.

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