Pattern of breast diseases in Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Kuwait

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10754-10754 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Alawadi ◽  
M. D. Delvadiya
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
N2 Disease ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Degree

10754 Background: The aim of this case series study is to evaluate the outline and pattern of female breast cancers in Kuwait. Methods: Our study consisted of data from 300 cases of female breast cancer seen in our outpatient department. Data on profile of their disease at presentation and known risk factors was retrieved. The analysis indented to examine the pattern of the disease and risk factor profile of the patients. Results: Out of 300 patients, 52% were Kuwaiti citizens, 24% were Arabs from other countries, 23% were of Asian origin and 1% was of other nationality. Their median age ± SD (Standard Deviation) was 50 ± 9.7 years. Most patients were younger than 55 years (77.4%) and were predominantly premenopausals (63%). Only 18% had stage I disease at presentation, whilst 54 %, 24 %, and 4% had stage II, III and IV disease, respectively. Among patients with known axillary nodal status (298 patients) 44.3% were node-negative whilst 39.6% and 16.8% had N1 and N2 disease, respectively. History of benign breast disease was positive in 9% and only 1% had breast biopsy done before the biopsy which diagnosed cancer. In 20.7% there was family history of breast cancer. Among them 11.7% had first degree relative with breast cancer, 3.3%, 7.3% and 1% patients had either mother, sister or both with history of breast cancer. Whilst 12% patients had second degree relatives with breast cancer, 3% patients out of them had both first and second degree relatives with breast cancer. History of alcohol ingestion was rare, only 0.7% patients were taking alcohol. 9.7% patients were nulliparous, while 10.7% patients had their first child after the age of 30 years. Breast feeding was common, 80 % patients breast fed their children and 43.3 % did that for more than 6 months. Age at menarche was 12 years or less in 34 % patients and age at menopause was more than 55 years in only 6.3% patients. Oral contraceptives were used by 38.7% patients, 12%, 9.3% and 17.3% patients used them for 2 or less, 2 to 5 or more than 5 years, respectively. Only 3% patients took hormone replacement therapy, 7 of them took that fore more than 2 years. Only 6 % patients gave history of smoking and only half of them were currently smoking. Conclusions: This data analysis suggested that pattern of breast cancer in Kuwait is similar to other countries in this region. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Miscellaneous Exogenous Hormones and Breast Diseases: A Matter of Concern for the Gynecologist

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Sadaf Alipour ◽  
Amirhossein Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Contraceptive Implants ◽  
Benign Disorders

Background: The effect of exogenous sex hormones on the risk of breast cancer has been shown for some compounds but for other compounds it is under detailed investigation. This study, as part of a quadruple of articles reviewing the consequences of using sex hormones in women with various breast conditions, discusses the prescription of non-oral hormonal contraceptives and miscellaneous exogenous steroid hormones. Methods: We browsed international clinical guidelines and carried out a comprehensive search in the literature by relevant keywords in order to extract data about the effects of hormone-releasing intrauterine devices, injectable depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, contraceptive implants, cyproterone acetate, finasteride, and spironolactone on the breast. Results: Studies are scarce for most of these compounds, and information comes mainly from researches about oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. Although none is recommended for use in patients with breast cancer, administration in benign disorders of the breast, women with positive family history of breast cancer and general women is acceptable with minor risks. Conclusions: Most non-oral hormonal methods of contraception and miscellaneous available hormone compounds prescribed for the treatment of hormonal disorders are safe for temporary use, except for women with breast cancer. For them, analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormones may be considered a safe hormonal prescription.

scholarly journals Risk factors of breast cancer among patients in a tertiary care hospitals in Afghanistan: a case control study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekrullah Baset ◽  
Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar ◽  
Yasmin Nadeem Parpio ◽  
Ahmed Maseh Haidary
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the second most common causes of women’s death, worldwide. Data on risk factors associated with female breast cancer in the Afghan population is very limited. The aim of our study was to identifying risk factor associated with female breast cancer in Afghanistan. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted with inclusion of 201 cases and 201 controls. Patient information was collected by interviewing the patient through a structured questionnaire. Histopathological information was collected from the hospital integrated laboratory management system. The data was analyzed by using logistic regression with univariate and multivariable analyses to determine the association between breast cancer and predictors. Results The results of the current study showed that factors such as: age (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 0.99–1.04; p-0.148); age at menarche (OR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.72–0.92; p-0.008); age at first baby (OR = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.07–1.20; p- < 0.001); illiteracy (OR = 1.93; 95%CI: 1.16–3.22; p-0.011); smoking (OR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.01–3.99; p-0.04) and family history of cancer (OR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.18–3.32; p-0.009) were significantly associated with breast cancer. However, our study did not demonstrate any statistically significant correlation between breast cancer and some of the predictors that were previously highlighted in literature, such as: marital status, Body Mass Index (BMI), use of hormonal contraceptive, breastfeeding and exercise. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that age at menarche, and age at first baby birth, illiteracy, smoking and family history of cancer were significant risk factors associated with development of breast cancer among women in Afghanistan. Health education of women regarding aforementioned predisposing factors are therefore, expected to be valuable in decreasing the burden of breast cancer with reduction of its burden on the healthcare system in Afghanistan.

Evaluation of known risk factors for breast cancer in Venezuelan patients with breast cancer, benign breast diseases, and without breast pathology

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1531-1531
Author(s):  
D. E. Hernandez ◽  
A. E. Hernandez ◽  
G. C. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Breast Pathology ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
Ovary Cancer ◽  
History Of

1531 Background: Breast cancer (BC) represents the second cause of death from cancer in Venezuelan women, therefore, it is important to study the known risk factors for developing BC in Venezuelan patients. Also, little is known about the importance of these risk factors in patients with benign breast diseases (BBD). Due to this we carried out a prospective case-control study of known risk factors for developing BC in a group of female patients with BC and BBD with the purpose of defining clinical criteria which can be used to orient physicians and patients about the conducts to be followed not only by the patients, but also by their family group. Methods: We included 515 patients with BC, 507 with BBD, and 505 without breast pathology.The following risk factors were identified through a personal interview with each patient: family history of breast and ovary cancer, exposure to female hormones (exogenous and endogenous), and previous history of BBD. Results: The significant results when comparing the BC group with the BBD group were the following: strong family history of BC (p = 0.004), ingestion of oral contraceptives (p = 0.035), lactation (p = 0.00013), hormone replacement therapy (p = 0.000001), and previous history of BBD (p = 0.0000032). The significant results when comparing the BC group with the group without breast pathology were the following: family history of BC (p = 0.0000001), family history of ovary cancer (p = 0.0000001), nulliparity (p = 0.00009), age of first terminal pregnancy (p = 0.000001), number of abortion (p = 0.024), lactation (p = 0.03), and previous history of BBD (p = 0.0000001). A logistic regression model showed that the variables with the highest impact were lactation (p = 0.0001), family history of breast cancer (p = 0.0001), and family history of ovary cancer (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Even though several hormonal factors were important, lactation and family history of breast and ovary cancer were the most important risk factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Estrogens and Progestogens in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Do They Harm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2506
Author(s):  
Mark van Barele ◽  
Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen ◽  
Yvonne V. Louwers ◽  
Mijntje B. Vastbinder ◽  
John W. M. Martens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) occur more frequently in younger women and do not express estrogen receptor (ER) nor progesterone receptor (PR), and are therefore often considered hormone-insensitive. Treatment of premenopausal TNBC patients almost always includes chemotherapy, which may lead to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and can severely impact quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is contraindicated for patients with a history of hormone-sensitive breast cancer, but the data on safety for TNBC patients is inconclusive, with a few randomized trials showing increased risk-ratios with wide confidence intervals for recurrence after HRT. Here, we review the literature on alternative pathways from the classical ER/PR. We find that for both estrogens and progestogens, potential alternatives exist for exerting their effects on TNBC, ranging from receptor conversion, to alternative receptors capable of binding estrogens, as well as paracrine pathways, such as RANK/RANKL, which can cause progestogens to indirectly stimulate growth and metastasis of TNBC. Finally, HRT may also influence other hormones, such as androgens, and their effects on TNBCs expressing androgen receptors (AR). Concluding, the assumption that TNBC is completely hormone-insensitive is incorrect. However, the direction of the effects of the alternative pathways is not always clear, and will need to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism Following Foot and Ankle Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Marie Richey ◽  
Miranda Lucia Ritterman Weintraub ◽  
John M. Schuberth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Ankle Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Predictive Risk

Background: The incidence rate of venous thrombotic events (VTEs) following foot and ankle surgery is low. Currently, there is no consensus regarding postoperative prophylaxis or evidence to support risk stratification. Methods: A 2-part study assessing the incidence and factors for the development of VTE was conducted: (1) a retrospective observational cohort study of 22 486 adults to calculate the overall incidence following foot and/or ankle surgery from January 2008 to May 2011 and (2) a retrospective matched case-control study to identify risk factors for development of VTE postsurgery. One control per VTE case matched on age and sex was randomly selected from the remaining patients. Results: The overall incidence of VTE was 0.9%. Predictive risk factors in bivariate analyses included obesity, history of VTE, history of trauma, use of hormonal replacement or oral contraception therapy, anatomic location of surgery, procedure duration 60 minutes or more, general anesthesia, postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, and use of anticoagulation. When significant variables from bivariate analyses were placed into the multivariable regression model, 4 remained statistically significant: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for obesity, 6.1; history of VTE, 15.7; use of hormone replacement therapy, 8.9; and postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, 9.0. The risk of VTE increased significantly with 3 or more risk factors ( P = .001). Conclusion: The overall low incidence of VTE following foot and ankle surgery does not support routine prophylaxis for all patients. Among patients with 3 or more risk factors, the use of chemoprophylaxis may be warranted. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case series.

scholarly journals Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Diseases: A Matter of Concern for the Gynecologist

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Eskandari ◽  
Sadaf Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
High Risk Women

Background: The carcinogenic effect of exogenous steroid hormones on the breasts is a matter of debate, causing confusion for physicians at the time of making prescriptions. This article, as part of a quadruple series about exogenous sex hormones and breast disorders, reviews the association of breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the general population, women with benign breast disorders, women with personal or family history of breast cancer, and BRCA carriers. Methods: We accomplished an extensive search of the literature by using relevant keywords to identify pertinent cohort studies, clinical trials, and reviews. Then, we extracted all points regarding the question. Results: An extensive literature exists on the risk of breast cancer following HRT in the general population, and HRT has been mentioned as a risk factor for breast cancer, especially in recent, long-term users of combined formulations. However, there is still no consensus about it. Conversely, few studies have considered challenging issues like the use of HRT in breast cancer survivors and high-risk women. Conclusion: HRT up to 5 years can safely be used for management of menopausal symptoms in healthy women, and those with low-risk benign breast disorders. On the contrary, its use in high-risk women should be limited to refractory menopausal symptoms after describing potential harms to the patient.

scholarly journals Management of Pseudotumor Cerebri Secondary to Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3(September-December)) ◽  
pp. e892021
Author(s):  
Mohamed M Elsherbini ◽  
Hatem Badr ◽  
Mohamed Kassem ◽  
Amr Farid Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Pseudotumor Cerebri ◽  
Dural Sinus ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Csf Diversion

Background: The purpose of this study is to follow the clinical course and required management of children suffering from Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) secondary to Dural Sinus Thrombosis (DST) to understand the natural history of a rare condition and its need for surgery as well as outcome after Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) diversion surgeries. Methods: A retrospective consecutive case series study based on examining medical records of patients who were referred to neurosurgical pediatric clinic  suffering from PTC secondary to DTS. Data review included patients’ archives for clinical, radiological, surgical records and follow up visits. Only patients below 18 years old were included. Results: Fourteen patients met inclusion criteria, 7 of them required CSF diversion procedure, while the other 50% responded to medical conservative therapy. Headache improved immediately for most of the surgical group, while took 7 weeks to reach satisfactory results for medical group. Visual improvement took place for both groups approximately at the same time interval with average 5 weeks. Conclusion: Surgical intervention in the form of CSF diversion procedure was required for 50 % of the patients, which is safe and effective line of treatment to prevent further deterioration of vision for case who were not responsive to medical therapy.

scholarly journals Brain Injury and Mental Health Among the Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: A Case-Series Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnur Karakurt ◽  
Kathleen Whiting ◽  
Stephen E. Jones ◽  
Mark J. Lowe ◽  
Stephen M. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of

Intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors frequently report face, head, and neck as their injury site. Many mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are undiagnosed or underreported among IPV survivors while these injuries may be linked to changes in brain function or pathology. TBI sustained due to IPV often occurs over time and ranges in severity. The aim of this case-series study was to explore risk factors, symptoms, and brain changes unique to survivors of intimate partner violence with suspicion of TBI. This case-series exploratory study examines the potential relationships among IPV, mental health issues, and TBI. Participants of this study included six women: 3 women with a history of IPV without any experience of concussive blunt force to the head, and 3 women with a history of IPV with concussive head trauma. Participants completed 7T MRI of the brain, self-report psychological questionnaires regarding their mental health, relationships, and IPV, and the Structured Clinical Interview. MRI scans were analyzed for cerebral hemorrhage, white matter disturbance, and cortical thinning. Results indicated significant differences in resting-state connectivity among survivors of partner violence as well as differences in relationship dynamics and mental health symptoms. White matter hyperintensities are also observed among the survivors. Developing guidelines and recommendations for TBI-risk screening, referrals, and appropriate service provision is crucial for the effective treatment of TBI-associated IPV. Early and accurate characterization of TBI in survivors of IPV may relieve certain neuropsychological consequences.

Hormone replacement therapy in women with breast cancer. Do the risks outweigh the benefits?

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 997-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Roy ◽  
C A Sawka ◽  
K I Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Meta Analyses

PURPOSE To review critically the literature regarding effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)/combined estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy (HRT) on the risk of breast cancer and on other health risks and benefits in postmenopausal women, with a focus on risks and benefits in women with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer. METHOD A literature search was conducted using Medline, Cancerline, and the bibliographies of reports published as of March 1995. All five published meta-analyses that examined the risk of breast cancer in relation to ERT/HRT in otherwise healthy women were critically reviewed. All known reports of women with a history of breast cancer given ERT/HRT subsequent to diagnosis and additional reports regarding the benefits of ERT/HRT were also reviewed. RESULTS None of the five meta-analyses demonstrated a significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer in ever users compared with never users of ERT/HRT. Current use may be associated with a small increased risk. This increased risk should be balanced by the expected benefits of ERT/HRT on quality of life, bone metabolism, and cardiovascular function. Preliminary information does not suggest a major detrimental effect of ERT/HRT in women with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer, but these reports include few women with limited follow-up data. There are no randomized trials in women with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION In healthy postmenopausal women, the benefits associated with ERT/HRT outweigh the risks. In women with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer, the balance of risks and benefits should be explored in randomized controlled trials.

scholarly journals Heterogenous Effect of Risk Factors on Breast Cancer across the Breast Density Categories in a Korean Screening Population

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Boyoung Park ◽  
Se-Eun Lim ◽  
HyoJin Ahn ◽  
Junghyun Yoon ◽  
Yun Su Choi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Breast Density ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Breast Cancer Development ◽  
Heterogeneous Association

We evaluated the heterogeneity of the effect of known risk factors on breast cancer development based on breast density by using the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). In total, 4,898,880 women, aged 40–74 years, who participated in the national breast cancer screening program in 2009–2010 were followed up to December 2018. Increased age showed a heterogeneous association with breast cancer (1-year hazard ratio (HR) = 0.92, 1.00 (reference), 1.03, and 1.03 in women with BI-RADS density category 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; P-heterogeneity < 0.001). More advanced age at menopause increased breast cancer risk in all BI-RADS categories. This was more prominent in women with BI-RADS density category 1 but less prominent in women in other BI-RADS categories (P-heterogeneity = 0.009). In postmenopausal women, a family history of breast cancer, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, and smoking showed a heterogeneous association with breast cancer across all BI-RADS categories. Other risk factors including age at menarche, menopause, hormone replacement therapy after menopause, oral contraceptive use, and alcohol consumption did not show a heterogeneous association with breast cancer across the BI-RADS categories. Several known risk factors of breast cancer had a heterogeneous effect on breast cancer development across breast density categories, especially in postmenopausal women.

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