Evaluation of the effect of selenium on radiation-induced toxicities in head neck cancer patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20698-e20698
Author(s):  
J. Buentzel ◽  
O. Micke ◽  
M. Glatzel ◽  
F. Bruns ◽  
K. Kisters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Head Neck Cancer ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Selenium Substitution ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Head Neck

e20698 Background: The substitution of selenium effects in activation of the selenium dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase which is important for scavenging free radicals. Until today only limited data are available about the clinical impact of selenium regarding the toxicities due to free radical producing therapies, e.g. irradiation or chemotherapy. Methods: 39 patients (8 female, 31 male) with advanced head neck cancer were included to a randomized phase II study. All patients had shown a reduced concentration of selenium in the blood and serum (main inclusion criterium). The mean age was 63.52 ± 9.31 years. Tumour localizations: oral cancer 15 patients, oropharynx 19 patients, hypopharynx 5 patients, CUP 1 patient. Group A (n=22) received 500 μg sodium selenite at the days of radiotherapy and 300 μg sodium selenite at holidays or weekend. Group B (17) was irradiated without any selenium substitution. Both groups were well balanced according age, gender, localization and stage of the tumour. We evaluated the RTOG grade of radiation-associated toxicities once per week. Following statistical methods were used: Mantel-Haenssel-χ2-test, Fisher's exact Test. SPSS. Results: We observed the following serious toxicities (group A versus group B): dysphagia 22.7% vs. 35.3%, loss of taste 22.7% vs. 47.1%, dry mouth 22.7% vs. 23.5%, and stomatitis 36.4% vs. 23.5%. A statistical trend (Fisher's exact test) is only seen in the area of loss of taste (p=0.172). The analysis per week had only shown a significant reduction of dysphagia in the selenium group at the last week of irradiation (p=0.04). Conclusions: The small randomized trial has shown limited effects of selenium in the prevention of ageusia (loss of taste) and dysphagia due to radiotherapy because of head and neck cancer. A clinical relevant radioprotection was not observed. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Role of Sub-Silicone Oil Application of Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) Drops on Outcomes After 360° Relaxing Retinectomy in Extreme Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Cases- A Pilot Study.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhendu Kumar Boral ◽  
Deepak Agarwal ◽  
Arnab Das ◽  
Debdulal Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose: To perform a pilot study to evaluate the role of sub-silicone oil Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) crystal drops in complex Retinal Detachment (RD) with extreme proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) requiring 360-degree relaxing retinectomy (RR). Design: It was a retrospective pilot studyMaterials & methods : It was a retrospective, case-control pilot study. TA assisted 23G or 25G vitrectomy was done in 24 complex RDs with extreme PVR where 360 degree RR had to be performed. Group A (n=13) included cases where additional TA crystal drops were applied, after settling the detached retina, over the site of RR under silicone oil (SO 5000 cSt) tamponade. In control arm, group B (n=11), additional TA crystals were not applied. Main outcomes measured : Mean pre and post operative BCVA, ultra-widefield retinograph by Optos 200Tx, macular OCT and the propensity to remove silicone oil were measured. Results: Mean preoperative and postoperative BCVA at final follow up were Log MAR 2.69 (20/9795) ± 0.41 and Log MAR 1.51 (20/647) ±0.90 (p<0.05) respectively in Group A and Log MAR 2.9 (20/15886) and Log MAR 2.37 (20/4688) ±0.86 (p<0.05) respectively in group B. Visual improvement in group A was significantly better than group B (two-sample t-test, p<0.05) with significantly less recurrence of RD (Fisher’s Exact Test, p=0.002). Silicone oil removal was done significantly more in group A (Fisher’s Exact Test, p=0.0017). Conclusion: Sub-silicone oil TA crystals application over sites of RR after 360-degree relaxing retinectomy leads to improved postoperative visual recovery as well as improved anatomical outcomes with fewer complications.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Coracoid Bone Graft Placement: Open versus Arthroscopic Latarjet

Joints ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 085-088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Russo ◽  
Andrea Grasso ◽  
Annalisa Arrighi ◽  
Angela Pistorio ◽  
Luigi Molfetta
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Anterior Shoulder Instability ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Arthroscopic Latarjet ◽  
Group A ◽  
Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis ◽  
Group B

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of the coracoid bone graft placement with the open Latarjet-Patte and arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedures in the treatment of anterior instability of the shoulder. Methods Forty-six patients affected by anterior shoulder instability were divided into two groups. In group A (n = 25), patients were operated by arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedure and in group B (n = 21), patients were operated by open Latarjet-Patte procedure. Instrumental investigation was based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Graft placement and integration, divergence and posterior protrusion of the screws, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis were considered as outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Positioning of the coracoid graft proved to be optimal in 76% (19/25) of patients of group A and in 100% (21/21) of patients of group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.025). Screw placement with respect to the glenoid surface showed a posterior divergence in 44% (11/25) of patients in group A and in 24% (5/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.15). Posterior protrusion of screw was observed in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 71.4% (15/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.73). Graft integration was present in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 85.7% (18/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.48). Mild signs of glenohumeral osteoarthritis were observed in 12% (3/25) of patients in group A and 28.6% (6/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.26). Conclusion Patients operated with open Latarjet-Patte procedure showed better results than those of the arthro-Latarjet group in reference to the positioning of the graft on the coronal plane (p = 0.025). No significant differences between the groups were observed for graft integration, divergence of the screws, posterior protrusion of the screws, and osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence Level II, nonrandomized prospective comparative study.

scholarly journals Kejadian Mielosupresi Pada Penderita Kanker Kepala Dan Leher Yang Mendapat Kemoterapi Cisplatin Dan Carboplatin Di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Nila Santia Dewi ◽  
Willy Yusmawan ◽  
Rery Budiarti
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
National Comprehensive Cancer Network ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Cancer Network

Latar belakang : Kemoterapi bersifat sistemik dan non selektif sehingga tidak hanya sel kanker yang mati tetapi juga sel normal. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) merekomendasikan Platinum-based sebagai rejimen kemoterapi untuk kanker kepala dan leher terutama Cisplatin dan Carboplatin. Cisplatin dan Carboplatin dapat menyebabkan efek samping mielosupresi. Tujuan : Membuktikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kejadian mielosupresi pada penderita Kanker Kepala dan Leher (KKL) yang mendapat kemoterapi Cisplatin dan Carboplatin. Metode : Penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian kohort prospektif di klinik THT-KL, bangsal dan bagian rekam medis instalasi rawat jalan/rawat inap RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Sampel ditentukan sebanyak 90 orang dan mendapat kemoterapi platinum based dengan salah satu komponen berupa Cisplatin atau Carboplatin sebanyak 3 seri. Analisis data dengan uji Pearson Chi-square dan Fisher’s exact test. Hasil : Subyek penelitian 90 orang, 45 orang mendapatkan Paclitaxel Cisplatin dan 45 orang mendapatkan regimen Paclitaxel Carboplatin. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 48,9% pasien stadium IV, histopatologi terbanyak WHO 3 (83,3%). Rerata usia terbanyak 50-59 tahun, dan diagnosis terbanyak pada KNF (66,7%). Secara keseluruhan kemoterapi seri I menunjukkan Carboplatin menyebabkan perubahan kadar hemoglobin (p=1,000) dan leukosit (p=0,292) dengan jumlah subyek lebih banyak dibanding Cisplatin. Sedangkan pada kemoterapi seri III, Carboplatin menyebabkan perubahan kadar hemoglobin (p=<0,023), leukosit (p=0,670), dan trombosit (p=1,000) lebih banyak dibandingkan Cisplatin. Simpulan : Kadar hemoglobin berbeda bermakna pada pasien yang mendapatkan kemoterapi Carboplatin seri III (p<0,023). Kata kunci : Kemoterapi Cisplatin/Carboplatin., kanker kepala dan leher, mielosupresi.   Background : Chemotherapy is systemic and non-selective so it often results in not only cancer cells dying but normal cells will also die. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends Platinum-based chemotherapy regimens for head and neck cancer, especially Cisplatin and Carboplatin. Cisplatin and Carboplatin chemotherapy can cause one of the side effects of myelosuppression. Myelosuppression is a decrease in cell production of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and / or platelets.    Objective : Proving the difference incidence of myelosuppression in head and neck cancer patients receiving Cisplatin and Carboplatin chemotherapy. Methode : An observational study with a prospective cohort study design in ENT clinic, ward and medical record department of outpatient installation Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Samples was determined by 90 people and received platinum based chemotherapy with one component in the form of Cisplatin or Carboplatin in 3 series. Data analysis by Pearson Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Result : The study subjects were 90 people, 45 people received Paclitaxel Cisplatin regimen and 45 people received Paclitaxel Carboplatin regimen. The results of this study found 48.9% of patients in stage IV conditions with the most histopathological types were WHO 3 (83.3%). Overall series I chemotherapy shows Carboplatin causes changes in hemoglobin (p=1,000) and leukocyte (p=0,292) levels with a greater number of subjects than Cisplatin. Where as in series III chemotherapy, Carboplatin causes more changes in hemoglobin (p=<0,023), leukocyte (p=0,670) and platelet (p=1,000) levels than Cisplatin. Conclusions : Hemoglobin level was significantly different in patients who received Carboplatin series III chemotherapy (p<0,023). Keywords : Chemotherapy, head and neck cancer, myelosuppression, Cisplatin, Carboplatin.  

Is Locally Advanced Head-Neck Cancer One More Candidate for Accelerated Hypofractionation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
IOANNIS M. KOUKOURAKIS ◽  
ANNA ZYGOGIANNI ◽  
VASSILIOS KOULOULIAS ◽  
GEORGE KYRGIAS ◽  
MARIANTHI PANTELIADOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Head Neck Cancer ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Head Neck

scholarly journals TERT promoter hotspot mutations and gene amplification in metaplastic breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edaise M. da Silva ◽  
Pier Selenica ◽  
Mahsa Vahdatinia ◽  
Fresia Pareja ◽  
Arnaud Da Cruz Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Hotspot Mutations ◽  
Or Gene

AbstractMetaplastic breast cancers (MBCs) are characterized by complex genomes, which seem to vary according to their histologic subtype. TERT promoter hotspot mutations and gene amplification are rare in common forms of breast cancer, but present in a subset of phyllodes tumors. Here, we sought to determine the frequency of genetic alterations affecting TERT in a cohort of 60 MBCs with distinct predominant metaplastic components (squamous, 23%; spindle, 27%; osseous, 8%; chondroid, 42%), and to compare the repertoire of genetic alterations of MBCs according to the presence of TERT promoter hotspot mutations or gene amplification. Forty-four MBCs were subjected to: whole-exome sequencing (WES; n = 27) or targeted sequencing of 341-468 cancer-related genes (n = 17); 16 MBCs were subjected to Sanger sequencing of the TERT promoter, TP53 and selected exons of PIK3CA, HRAS, and BRAF. TERT promoter hotspot mutations (n = 9) and TERT gene amplification (n = 1) were found in 10 of the 60 MBCs analyzed, respectively. These TERT alterations were less frequently found in MBCs with predominant chondroid differentiation than in other MBC subtypes (p = 0.01, Fisher’s exact test) and were mutually exclusive with TP53 mutations (p < 0.001, CoMEt). In addition, a comparative analysis of the MBCs subjected to WES or targeted cancer gene sequencing (n = 44) revealed that MBCs harboring TERT promoter hotspot mutations or gene amplification (n = 6) more frequently harbored PIK3CA than TERT wild-type MBCs (n = 38; p = 0.001; Fisher’s exact test). In conclusion, TERT somatic genetic alterations are found in a subset of TP53 wild-type MBCs with squamous/spindle differentiation, highlighting the genetic diversity of these cancers.

scholarly journals Association of P10L Polymorphism in Melanopsin Gene with Chronic Insomnia in Mexicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Bianca Ethel Gutiérrez-Amavizca ◽  
Ernesto Prado Montes de Oca ◽  
Jaime Paul Gutiérrez-Amavizca ◽  
Oscar David Castro ◽  
Cesar Heriberto Ruíz-Marquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
And Function

The aim of this pilot study was to determine the association of the P10L (rs2675703) polymorphism of the OPN4 gene with chronic insomnia in uncertain etiology in a Mexican population. A case control study was performed including 98 healthy subjects and 29 individuals with chronic insomnia not related to mental disorders, medical condition, medication or substance abuse. Samples were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genetic analyses showed that the T allele of P10L increased risk to chronic insomnia in a dominant model (p = 1 ×10−4; odds ratio (OR) = 9.37, CI = 8.18–335.66, Kelsey statistical power (KSP) = 99.9%), and in a recessive model (p = 7.5 × 10−5, OR = 9.37, KSP = 99.3%, CI = 2.7–34.29). In the insomnia group, we did not find a correlation between genotypes and chronotype (p = 0.219 Fisher’s exact test), severity of chronic insomnia using ISI score (p = 0.082 Fisher’s exact test) and ESS score (p ˃ 0.999 Fisher’s exact test). However, evening chronotype was correlated to daytime sleepiness severity, individuals with an eveningness chronotype had more severe drowsiness according to their insomnia severity index (ISI) score (p = 0.021 Fisher’s exact test) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score (p = 0.015 Fisher’s exact test) than the morningness and intermediate chronotype. We demonstrated that the T allele of the P10L polymorphism in the OPN4 gene is associated with chronic insomnia in Mexicans. We suggest the need to conduct larger studies in different ethnic populations to test the probable association and function of P10L and other SNPs in the OPN4 gene and in the onset of chronic insomnia.

scholarly journals Detection of AZF microdeletions and reproductive hormonal profile analysis of infertile sudanese men pursuing assisted reproductive approaches

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Osman Alhassan Elsaid ◽  
Tarteel Gadkareim ◽  
Tagwa Abobakr ◽  
Eiman Mubarak ◽  
Mehad A. Abdelrhem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Abstract Background Male factor is the major contributor in roughly half of infertility cases. Genetic factors account for 10–15% of male infertility. Microdeletions of azoospermia factors (AZF) on the Yq region are the second most frequent spermatogenesis disorder among infertile men after Klinefelter syndrome. We detected in our previous study a frequency of 37.5% AZF microdeletions which investigated mainly the AZFb and AZFc. We attempted in this study for the first time to evaluate the frequencies of all AZF sub-regions microdeletions and to analyze reproductive hormonal profiles in idiopathic cases of azoospermic and oligozoospermic men from Sudan. Methods A group of 51 medically fit infertile men were subjected to semen analysis. Four couples have participated in this study as a control group. Semen analysis was performed according to WHO criteria by professionals at Elsir Abu-Elhassan Fertility Centre where samples have been collected. We detected 12 STSs markers of Y chromosome AZF microdeletions using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Analysis of reproductive hormone levels including Follicle Stimulating, Luteinizing, and Prolactin hormones was performed using ELISA. Comparisons between outcome groups were performed using Student’s t-test Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results AZF microdeletion was identified in 16 out of 25 Azoospermic and 14 out of 26 of the Oligozoospermic. Microdeletion in the AZFa region was the most frequent among the 30 patients (N = 11) followed by AZFc, AZFd (N = 4 for each) and AZFb (N = 3). Among the Oligozoospermic participants, the most frequent deletions detected were in the AZFa region (N = 10 out of 14) and was significantly associated with Oligozoospermic phenotype, Fisher's Exact Test (2-sided) p = 0.009. Among the Azoospermic patients, the deletion of the AZFc region was the most frequent (N = 9 out of 16) and was significantly associated with Azoospermia phenotype Fisher's Exact Test p = 0.026. There was a significant difference in Y chromosome microdeletion frequency between the two groups. The hormonal analysis showed that the mean levels of PRL, LH, and FSH in Azoospermic patients were slightly higher than those in oligozoospermic. A weak negative correlation between prolactin higher level and Azoospermic patients was detected. (AZFa r = 0.665 and 0.602, p = 0.000 and 0.0004, AZFb r = 0.636 and 0.409, p = 0.000 and 0.025, and AZFd r = 0.398 and 0.442, p = 0.029 and 0.015). The correlation was positive for AZFa and negative for AZFb and AZFd. Conclusions We concluded in this study that the incidences of microdeletions of the Y chromosome confined to AZF a, b, c and d regions is 58.8% in infertile subjects with 31.4% were Azoospermic and 27.5% were Oligozoospermic. This might provide a piece of evidence that these specified regions of the Y chromosome are essential for controlling spermatogenesis. These findings will be useful for genetic counseling within infertility clinics in Sudan and to adopt appropriate methods for assisted reproduction.

Head & Neck Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 38-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Schuyler
Keyword(s):  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Head Neck Cancer ◽  
Head Neck
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