The effects of physician-delivered brief smoking cessation on ACRIN/NLST participants’ smoking behaviors.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7525-7525
Author(s):  
Ilana F Gareen ◽  
Elyse R. Park ◽  
Jeremy Gorelick ◽  
Sandra Japuntich ◽  
Inga Tolin Lennes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
National Lung Screening Trial ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Lung Screening

7525 Background: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated a 20% relative reduction in lung cancer mortality for current and former heavy smokers screened with low-dose CT vs. radiography. The NCCN and ACS recently released lung screening guidelines which promote smoking cessation counseling, but there is no information about the prevalence or effectiveness of brief physician-delivered smoking cessation interventions, such as the 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange follow-up) among lung screening patients. Methods: Among 8,878 NLST participants from 23 ACRIN sites who were smoking at enrollment, we conducted a longitudinal examination of the 1) rates and patterns of each reported 5A receipt and 2) association between each A and quitting. Using a case-control logistic regression, which matched participants according to trial arm; sociodemographic; medical; and smoking characteristics, we compared self-reported point-prevalence abstinence following 5A receipt. Results: Participants were 54% male, 90.6% white, and mean age 60.8 years. Receipt of 5As was consistent for the first 3 study years; rates of Ask (75%) and Advise (74%), exceeded rates of Assess (64%), Assist (58%), and Arrange follow-up (13%). Receipt of Ask, Advise, and Assess did not significantly increase the odds of a participant quitting smoking. Assist (cessation counseling, medication) increased the odds of quitting smoking by 22% (p=0.0002), and Arrange follow-up increased the odds of quitting by 20% (p=0.002). Older age and lower nicotine dependence were significantly associated with quitting, after accounting for the effectiveness of Assist (OR=1.34, CI: 1.16-1.55; OR== 0.95, CI: .93-.97) and Arrange follow-up (OR=1.34, CI: 1.16, 1.54; OR=.95, CI: .93-.97). Conclusions: Among high risk patients undergoing lung screening, Advice to quit was not associated with improved odds of smokers’ quitting. Assist and Arrange follow-up were associated with improved odds of smokers’ quitting, but unfortunately, rates of receipt of these As were low. Physician-delivered smoking cessation assistance and follow-up has the potential to enhance the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of lung screening. Clinical trial information: CDR0000257938.

scholarly journals Change in smoking cessation stage over 1 year in patients with schizophrenia: a follow up study in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Higuchi ◽  
Masaki Fujiwara ◽  
Naoki Nakaya ◽  
Maiko Fujimori ◽  
Chinatsu Hayashibara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Abstract Background We performed a follow up study about willingness and behaviors to quit smoking among smokers with schizophrenia in Japan. Methods Participants were outpatients with schizophrenia aged 20–69 years who had been visiting the hospital for ≥1 year as of April 1, 2016, and had visited the hospital more than once in the previous 6 months. A baseline survey on smoking behaviors including current smoking status and smoking cessation stage, was administered in 420 participants that were randomly extracted from a patient pool (n = 680) in 2016, and a follow-up survey was administered in 2017. We calculated the distribution and change in smoking cessation stage, number of smokers and nonsmokers after 1 year, and quitting rate from a naturalistic 1-year smoking-cessation follow up. Results The number of baseline respondents was 350; 113 current smokers and 68 former smokers. Among the 113 current smokers, 104 (92.0%) were followed for 1 year, 79 (70.0%) were interested in smoking cessation, and only 7 had received smoking cessation treatments at baseline. Among the tracked 104 participants, only 6 (5.8%) stopped smoking after 1 year. Among the 25 participants who had intentions to quit smoking within 6 months at baseline, 6 (24.0%) maintained their intention to quit smoking for 1 year, and 16 (64.0%) did not maintain their intention to quit smoking. Conclusions Our findings showed that many smokers with schizophrenia were interested in quitting smoking, but few patients received treatment and actually quit smoking. Timely intervention, including the option to receive smoking cessation treatment, is necessary for those patients with schizophrenia who smoke. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000023874, registered on August 31, 2016).

scholarly journals Smoking Behaviors Among Cancer Survivors: An Observational Clinical Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Burke ◽  
Lesley-Ann Miller ◽  
Ayman Saad ◽  
Jame Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Purpose: Smoking is a well-recognized risk factor for several cancers including cancers of the lung, bladder, and head and neck. Studies have shown that smoking can adversely affect the outcomes of different modalities of cancer treatment. This study examines smoking behaviors among cancer survivors to collect information necessary to create successful smoking cessation interventions. Methods: For this observational clinical study, questionnaires were sent to 1,000 randomly selected patients diagnosed with cancer between 2003 and 2007 in one cancer center. Data were statistically analyzed to determine the likelihood of a patient quitting smoking after being diagnosed with cancer. Results: We received 187 responses from the 1,000 surveys sent (18.7%). Of these, 166 were usable for analysis. The mean age of respondents was 64 (± 13) years. Men were more likely than women to be past smokers (55% of men and 32% of women respectively, P = .003). Fifty-two percent of respondents reported having a history of smoking. However, only 20% of patients reported having been active smokers at the time they were diagnosed with cancer. Furthermore, only 44% of these reported having quit smoking after their diagnosis with cancer. Only 62% of all respondents reported that they had been informed of the dangers of smoking by their health care provider during cancer treatment. Conclusion: In our study sample, less than one half (44%) of smoking cancer patients quit smoking after their cancer diagnosis, and only 62% of smoking cancer patients received smoking cessation counseling from their physicians. Intervention programs are needed to help cancer survivors to quit smoking. Prospective clinical trials may help identify the ideal intervention for smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Smoking cessation and counseling: A mixed methods study of pediatricians and parents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246231
Author(s):  
Tregony Simoneau ◽  
Jessica P. Hollenbach ◽  
Christine R. Langton ◽  
Chia-Ling Kuo ◽  
Michelle M. Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Objective Pediatric providers play an important role in parental and youth smoking cessation. The goal of this study was to understand smoking cessation attitudes of parents and the behaviors, confidence and self-efficacy of pediatricians related to providing smoking cessation counseling to parents and youth. Methods A mixed methods study was conducted in a convenience sample of families (n = 1,549) and pediatric primary care clinicians (n = 95) in Connecticut using surveys and focus groups from April, 2016 to January, 2017. Results The smoking rate (cigarettes or electronic cigarettes) among all households surveyed was 21%. Interest in quitting smoking was high (71%) and did not differ based on smoking amount, duration, type of community of residence (urban, rural, etc), or race/ethnicity. For example, compared to participants who smoked for <10 years, those who smoked ≥20 years had a similar interest in quitting (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.85–1.48). Ninety percent of clinicians surveyed asked parents about their smoking behavior at least annually but 36% offered no smoking cessation counseling services or referral. Clinicians almost always reported counseling youth about the dangers of nicotine and tobacco use (99%), were more confident about counseling youth than parents (p<0.01) and reported low self-efficacy about smoking cessation and prevention counseling of parents and youth. Ninety-three percent of clinicians opined that electronic cigarettes were equally or more dangerous than cigarettes but 34% never counseled youth about the dangers of electronic cigarettes. Conclusions Clinicians frequently screen parents about their smoking behaviors, but rarely provide smoking cessation counseling and express low confidence in this activity. Clinicians are more confident counseling youth than parents. Clinicians also recognize the dangers of electronic cigarettes, yet they infrequently counsel youth about these dangers.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer (BC) Is a Window of Opportunity for Smoking Cessation: Results of a Retrospective Analysis of 1234 BC Survivors in Follow-Up Consultation

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2423
Author(s):  
Marion Nicolas ◽  
Beatriz Grandal ◽  
Emma Dubost ◽  
Amyn Kassara ◽  
Julien Guerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Lower Alcohol ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Smoking is the principal modifiable risk factor for cancers and has a negative influence on long-term survival. We conducted a retrospective study on consecutive BC survivors seen at follow-up consultations between 3 June and 30 October 2019 at Institut Curie, Paris, France. Smoking behaviors were evaluated prospectively via interviewer-administered questionnaires. The aim of this study was to describe smoking-related patient care at diagnosis and smoking cessation patterns in women with a history of BC. A total of 1234 patients were included in the study. Smoking status at diagnosis was missing from electronic health records in 32% of cases, including 13% of patients who smoke. Only 20% of the 197 patients currently smoking at diagnosis recalled having a discussion about smoking with a healthcare professional. Radiotherapists and surgeons were more likely to talk about complications than other practitioners. The main type of information provided was general advice to stop smoking (n = 110), followed by treatment complications (n = 48), while only five patients were referred to tobaccologists. Since diagnosis, 33% (n = 65) of the patients currently smoking had quit. Patients who quit had a lower alcohol consumption, but no other factor was associated with smoking cessation. The main motivation for tobacco withdrawal was the fear of BC relapse (63%). This study highlights room for improvement in the assessment of smoking behavior. Our data raise important perspectives for considering BC treatment and follow-up as a window of opportunity for smoking cessation.

Lung Cancer Screening: Promise and Pitfalls

2012 ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
Christine D. Berg ◽  
Denise R. Aberle ◽  
Douglas E. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Helical Computed Tomography ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
National Lung Screening Trial

OVERVIEW: The results of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) have provided the medical community and American public with considerable optimism about the potential to reduce lung cancer mortality with imaging-based screening. Designed as a randomized trial, the NLST has provided the first evidence of screening benefit by showing a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality and a 6.7% reduction in all-cause mortality with low dose helical computed tomography (LDCT) screening relative to chest X-ray. The major harms of LDCT screening include the potential for radiation-induced carcinogenesis; high false-positivity rates in individuals without lung cancer, and overdiagnosis. Following the results of the NLST, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) published the first of multiple lung cancer screening guidelines under development by major medical organizations. These recommendations amalgamated screening cohorts, practices, interpretations, and diagnostic follow-up based on the NLST and other published studies to provide guidance for the implementation of LDCT screening. There are major areas of opportunity to optimize implementation. These include standardizing practices in the screening setting, optimizing risk profiles for screening and for managing diagnostic evaluation in individuals with indeterminate nodules, developing interdisciplinary screening programs in conjunction with smoking cessation, and approaching all stakeholders systematically to ensure the broadest education and dissemination of screening benefits relative to risks. The incorporation of validated biomarkers of risk and preclinical lung cancer can substantially enhance the effectiveness screening programs.

scholarly journals Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial Using Best-Selling Smoking-Cessation Book

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
James P. Foshee ◽  
Anita Oh ◽  
Adam Luginbuhl ◽  
Joseph Curry ◽  
William Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Our prospective, randomized, controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the self-help book, The Easy Way to Stop Smoking, by Allen Carr, in promoting smoking cessation in patients with head and neck cancer. We assessed active smokers for their willingness to read a smoking cessation book. Participants were randomized to either receive the book from our department or recommended to purchase the book. All patients received smoking cessation counseling at recruitment. Phone surveys were conducted at short- and long-term intervals to determine if the patients had purchased and/or read the book and whether they were still smoking. One hundred twelve patients were recruited, 52 of whom completed follow-up surveys. Those who received the book for free were more likely to read the book (p = 0.05). Reading the book did not correlate with successful smoking cessation (p = 0.81). Some 26% of the 27 patients who received the book quit smoking compared with 32% of the 25 patients who were recommended the book (p = 0.76). Patients who indicated motivation to quit smoking were more likely to succeed. In our study, smoking cessation did not appear to be influenced by reading The Easy Way to Stop Smoking. Despite 80.8% of the cohort indicating at least a readiness to quit smoking at recruitment, only 28.8% of patients managed to achieve successful smoking cessation at long-term follow-up. Patient motivation remains an important factor in achieving long-term smoking abstinence. Quitting smoking remains a daunting challenge for patients, with multiple interventions likely needed to achieve cessation.

scholarly journals Smoking Cessation, Weight Gain, and the Trajectory of Estimated Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: 8-Year Follow-up From a Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanmei Chen ◽  
Yohei Kawasaki ◽  
Huanhuan Hu ◽  
Keisuke Kuwahara ◽  
Makoto Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Japanese Male ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Body Weight Increase

Abstract Introduction The effect of weight gain following smoking cessation on cardiovascular risks is unclear. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association of weight gain following smoking cessation with the trajectory of estimated risks of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods In a cohort of 18 562 Japanese male employees aged 30–64 years and initially free of cardiovascular diseases, participants were exclusively grouped into sustained smokers, quitters with weight gain (body weight increase ≥5%), quitters without weight gain (body weight increase <5% or weight loss), and never smokers. Global 10-year CHD risk was annually estimated by using a well-validated prediction model for the Japanese population. Linear mixed models and piecewise linear mixed models were used to compare changes in the estimated 10-year CHD risk by smoking status and weight change following smoking cessation. Results During a maximum of 8-year follow-up, both quitters with and without weight gain had a substantially decreased level of estimated 10-year CHD risk after quitting smoking, compared with sustained smokers (all ps for mean differences < .001). The estimated 10-year CHD risk within the first year after cessation decreased more rapidly in quitters without weight gain than in quitters with weight gain (change rate [95% confidence interval, CI] −0.90 [−1.04 to −0.75] vs. −0.40 [−0.60 to −0.19] % per year, p < .0001). Thereafter, the estimated 10-year CHD risk in both groups increased at similar rates (change rate [95% CI] −0.07 [−0.21 to 0.07] vs. 0.11 [−0.09 to 0.30] % per year, p = .16, from year 1 to year 2; and 0.10 [0.05 to 0.15] vs. 0.11 [0.04 to 0.18] % per year, p = .80, from year 2 to year 8). Conclusions In this population of middle-aged, Japanese male workers, smoking cessation greatly reduces the estimated 10-year risk of CHD. However, weight gain weakens the beneficial effect of quitting smoking in a temporary and limited fashion. Implications To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the effect of weight gain following smoking cessation on the trajectory of the absolute risk of CHD. Our data imply that the benefits of cessation for reducing the absolute risk of CHD outweigh the potential risk increase due to weight gain, and suggest that in order to maximize the beneficial effects of quitting smoking, interventions to control post-cessation weight gain might be warranted.

scholarly journals A Self-Reflection Program for Smoking Cessation in Adolescents: A Phenomenological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Inok Sim ◽  
Eunjeong Hwang ◽  
Bora Sin
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Adolescent Smokers ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

The study aimed to understand the experiences of adolescent smokers who participated in a self-reflection program for smoking cessation and to develop the theoretical basis for constructing similar programs. The program is unique from other smoking cessation programs in that it seeks to be creative and allow participants to establish an individualized vision for themselves. The participants, ten students from middle and high schools located in cities A and S, were interviewed right after the program ended. Data were collected from August to December 2019 and analyzed using a phenomenological approach to understand participant experiences in depth. The analysis revealed five major themes: ‘Uniqueness of the Program,’ ‘Perception of Smoking Cessation,’ ‘Positive Reflection on Life,’ ‘Understanding Others,’ and ‘A Search for Hope and Vision in Life.’ The findings revealed that their smoking behaviors were changed through self-reflection and enhancement of self-efficacy and that the program facilitated the formation of identity and vision for the future, which may indirectly strengthen the motivation for adolescent smokers to quit smoking. These findings suggest the need for a smoking cessation program that enhances self-concept and self-esteem. Moreover, it highlights the importance of follow-up research to ensure effectiveness and the need to develop programs with creative content.

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