Burden of high-risk oral HPV infection in men in the United States and implications for oropharyngeal cancer screening: NHANES (1999-2012).

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 55-55
Author(s):  
Erin Dunn ◽  
Kevin J. Moore ◽  
Tulay Koru-Sengul
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
High Risk Hpv

55 Background: In men high-risk human papilloma viruses (HPVs) have been implicated in causing cancer of the penis, anus, and oropharynx. HPV infection, specifically HPV 16, is currently one of the most common causes of oropharyngeal cancer. National population-based surveys provide estimates of population-specific prevalence, trend, and determinants to identify the burden of high-risk HPV in the oropharynx of men. Methods: We calculated HPV infection prevalence by oral testing in the US from 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to obtain a representative sample of non-institutionalized civilian population. We provided epidemiology of HPV infection for both females and males with prevalence estimates, unadjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Analysis was performed by SAS v9.3 with complex sampling design. Results: Among HPV-positive persons, high-risk HPV infection (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82) was more prevalent for men (79.4%) than for women (20.6%). Men also had the highest prevalence for each high-risk type tested. Notably, men held 84.9% of the HPV 16 burden, which has the highest risk for orophargyngeal cancer. Mexican-American men had lower odds of high-risk HPV infection than White men (OR=0.47; 95%CI=0.261, 0.86). Further, divorced/separated/widowed men had lower (0.48; 0.26, 0.88) and never married men had greater (1.76; 1.01, 3.07) odds of high-risk HPV compared to men who are married/living with partner. Conclusions: Using a large population-based survey, our results show increased prevalence of high-risk HPV infection in men. Stratification by ethnicity and marital status will increase understanding and awareness of the burden and demographic disparities of potentially oncogenic HPV infections in men and may provide a base for culturally and gender competent oropharyngeal cancer screening programs. Recognizing demographic disparities and behaviors could guide further research into risk factors and conditions that guide the prevalence of HPV infection and oropharyngeal cancer in specific male populations.

Burden of high-risk HPV infection in women in the United States and implications for anal cancer screening: NHANES (1999-2012).

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 532-532
Author(s):  
Erin Dunn ◽  
Kevin J. Moore ◽  
Tulay Koru-Sengul
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Genital Region ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Risk Infection

532 Background: High-risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infections put women at risk for cervical, anal, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. HPV can spread from the genital region to the anus even in absence of sexual intercourse. As anal cancer is more prevalent in women, it is important to consider HPV transmission from the vagina to the anus. National surveys provide estimates of population-specific prevalence to identify the burden of high-risk HPV infection in women. Appreciating high-risk HPV infection in women and the potential for HPV spread from the genitals to the anus is crucial for cancer screening efforts. Methods: We calculated prevalence of HPV infections in women in the United States from 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to obtain a representative sample of the U.S. non-institutionalized civilian population. NHANES performs in-person interviews and physical examinations and collects biological samples at homes and mobile examination centers. We provided epidemiology of HPV infection and its types for women. Analysis was performed by SAS v9.3. Results: DNA-measured HPV from vaginal swabs showed 42.9% of women were HPV positive. We calculated odds ratios across demographic groups for high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82). Non-Hispanic White (NHW) women had the highest prevalence of high-risk HPV (62.5%). Other Hispanic women had lower odds of having high-risk HPV compared to NHW (OR=0.65; 95% CI=0.49, 0.88). Never married women had greater odds of high-risk infection than married women (1.61; 1.26, 2.06). Current smokers had greater odds than never smokers of high-risk infection (1.26; 1.00, 1.59). Conclusions: Our results show the burden and demographic disparities of high-risk HPV infection in women. Understanding the burden of potentially oncogenic HPV infections in the female genital region is important for cervical cancer screening and highlights a potential importance for anal cancer screenings in HPV positive women. Recognizing demographic disparities could lead research into risk factors and risk conditions that guide the preponderance of HPV infection and anal cancer in specific female populations.

scholarly journals Persistent High-Risk HPV Infection and Molecular Changes Related to the Development of Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pablo Moreno-Acosta ◽  
Alfredo Romero-Rojas ◽  
Nicolas Vial ◽  
Antonio Huertas ◽  
Jinneth Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

This article is a preliminary investigational study that is aimed at giving hints about the interesting biomarkers involved in the transition process from low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer. Our study focuses on the risk factors and tumour molecular changes in one patient. First in 1986, she was diagnosed a preinvasive cervix lesion. Then, 16 years later, she was diagnosed an invasive cervical cancer. The 2002 diagnosis was a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, stage IIIB (FIGO), whereas in 1986, she had been diagnosed a high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesion. Retrospectively, the analysis of samples of preneoplastic lesions and invasive cervical cancer confirmed the histopathological diagnoses and detected the presence of HPV type and HPV-16 variants, as well as the overexpression of proteins such as hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1. Finally, the Arg72Pro polymorphism was detected in TP53. The role of high-risk HPV and HPV-16 variants and of hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1 variations seemed confirmed in the development and progression of cervical cancer. As a result, analyzing the molecular changes in one and same tumour that progresses from a low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer could provide valuable information in order to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment in the future.

Burden of high-risk HPV infection in the United States: NHANES (1999-2012).

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12517-e12517
Author(s):  
Erin Dunn ◽  
Kevin J. Moore ◽  
Qingyun Liu ◽  
Stacey L. Tannenbaum ◽  
Tulay Koru-Sengul
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Cancer screening at the level of state programs: review, recommendations and management

Public Health ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
A. A. Barchuk ◽  
Yu. V. Raskina ◽  
O. V. Smirnova ◽  
A. M. Belyaev ◽  
S. F. Bagnenko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
State Programs

An overview of existing cancer screening programs, their organization system, and the main implementation parameters is presented. The methods of primary screening that have been shown to be effective in reducing mortality from certain cancers, as well as the reasons for the lack of screening programs in relation to some of them, are listed. The existing screening programs and their main characteristics are considered, and examples of using economic analysis to change screening programs are given. It is noted that in countries even with a large coverage, for example, in the United States and Germany, there is no single national register of screening, and the invitation system does not have a population-based nature. Although the large coverage and development of health systems in these countries allows for the positive effects of opportunistic screening, its effectiveness is lower than in countries with organized programs, and the costs are higher.

scholarly journals Challenges of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Associated Diseases in Low-Resource Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Chukwugoziem Nweke ◽  
Clement Abu Okolo ◽  
Yara Daous ◽  
Olukemi Ayotunde Esan
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Sub Saharan

Context.— The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection varies worldwide. The high-risk viruses are usually associated with cancers of the cervix, vagina, and vulva in women, cancer of the penis in men, and cancers of the anus, tonsils, oropharynx, and base of the tongue in both sexes. Objectives.— To review literature about the challenges and burden associated with HPV infection in low-resource (ie, developing) countries, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa. To review the prevention, incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of HPV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. To review the therapy and management of HPV infections in low-resource countries in comparison to developed countries. Data Sources.— Peer-reviewed literature and experience of some of the authors. Conclusions.— Sub-Saharan Africa has high HPV infection prevalence rates, with predominance of high-risk subtypes 16, 18, and 45. The difficulty of access to health care has led to higher morbidity and mortality related to HPV-related cancers. Improvement in screening programs will help in monitoring the spread of HPV infections. Survival studies can be more informative if reliable cancer registries are improved. HPV vaccination is not yet widely available and this may be the key to curtailing the spread of HPV infections in resource-poor countries.

scholarly journals An Organized Approach to Multi-Organ Screening in Rural Honduras

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 48s-48s
Author(s):  
L. Kennedy ◽  
S. Bejarano ◽  
E.P. Larochelle ◽  
G.J. Tsongalis
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Background: Poverty, poor healthcare infrastructure and geographic location contribute to a total lack of cancer screening for most residents of rural Honduras. Three projects built upon each other to develop, with local leaders, multiorgan screening events that mitigated barriers to screening-based early detection of cancers. Targeted barriers included transportation, cost, community perception and convenience. Aim: To test a novel system of multiorgan screening for feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness. Methods: Leveraging well-known brigade-style medical outreach methods, two large-scale weekend programs for women and one for men over four years in the same rural location screened women for cancers of the cervix, breast, oral cavity, thyroid; and men for cancers of the testes, oral cavity, skin, prostate and colon; and connected participants with follow-up care at a Honduran cancer center. Screening methods ranged from simple throat palpation for thyroid lesions to molecular screening for high risk HPV. Generally, screening began with low-tech methods onsite to triage the participants and identify those at high-risk for cancer who should have more technical follow-up at an equipped clinic. Well-trained Honduran medical students provided screening capacity and community leaders were solely responsible for promoting the screening opportunities. Masking was not possible onsite, but data analysis in the U.S. was anonymized. Results: Participants were accrued to each program's capacity (n=400) in 2013 and 2016 and near capacity in 2017 with high levels of participants completing the screening programs, community engagement with the process, and compliance with referrals for clinical follow-up at a collaborating cancer center located three hours away. Participants identified at the screenings for clinical follow-up included for women: breast 2.7% (2013) and 4.2% (2016), thyroid 1.7% (2016), cervix/positive for high risk HPV 8.2% (2013) and 11.8% (2016); and for men all in 2017: skin 0%, testes 7%, colorectal 1%, oropharynx 1 participant, and prostate 6.7%. The dominant local narrative predicted men would not participate in screening, yet 326 participated and of that group, 239 self-identified as having possible colorectal symptoms based on seeing an advertising flyer with questions about symptoms of constipation, bloody stools, or unintended weight loss. That self-identified subset took the initiative to see the local nurse in advance, obtain a colorectal sample kit, collect three days of stool samples, and bring them to the screening event. Conclusion: With community engagement and attention to planning for organized and rapid throughput, large-scale multiorgan cancer screening may be feasible in low-income rural communities. Funding: The Jornada studies were funded by Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine and a special grant from Geisel's Munck-Pfefferkorn Fund.

scholarly journals Comparison of detection rate of high risk HPV infection between self-collected HPV testing and clinician-collected HPV testing in cervical cancer screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattiya Nutthachote ◽  
Shina Oranratanaphan ◽  
Wichai Termrungruanglert ◽  
Surang Triratanachat ◽  
Arkom Chaiwongkot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution and Correlation with Cyto-Histological Patterns in Women from the South of Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Menegazzi ◽  
Luisa Barzon ◽  
Giorgio Palù ◽  
Elisa Reho ◽  
Luigi Tagliaferro
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
The South ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type-specific distribution was evaluated in genital samples collected from 654 women from the South of Italy undergoing voluntary screening and correlated with cyto-histological abnormalities. HPV DNA was detected in 45.9% of the samples, 41.7% of which had multiple infection and 89.0% had high-risk HPV infection. The prevalence of HPV infection and the rate of multiple infections decreased with age, suggesting natural selection of HPV types with better fitness. In line with other Italian studies, the most common HPV types were HPV-6 and HPV-16, followed by HPV-51, HPV-31, HPV-53, and HPV-66, in women with both normal and abnormal cytology. Cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or 3 were associated with high-risk HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31, and HPV-51 infection. These data indicate that prophylactic HPV vaccination is expected to reduce the burden of HPV-related cervical lesions in this population, but also suggest the potential utility of new vaccines with larger type coverage.

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in uterine cervical lesions among older Japanese women.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5084-5084
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Takehara ◽  
Hiroko Nakamura ◽  
Osamu Samura ◽  
Tomoya Mizunoe ◽  
Akihisa Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

5084 Background: To estimate the prevalence and genotypes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) among older Japanese women, using liquid-based cytology (LBC). Methods: ThinPrep LBC specimens were collected from 11,039 Japanese women (age range, 14-98 years). After classifying cytodiagnosis, specimens were analyzed for HPV DNA using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Cervical smear specimens from 1,302 women showed positive results. To examine the prevalence of HPV in women defined as negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), 2,563 samples were randomly selected from the remaining 9,737 women. Comparisons were made between women ≥50 years of age (older age group) and women <50 years of age (younger age group). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. In this study, the high-risk HPV genotypes encountered were 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58. Results: In the older age group with abnormal smear findings, HPV genotypes were detected in 49.7% (148/298), including high-risk HPV genotypes in 40.9% (122/298). In the younger age group with abnormal smear findings, HPV genotypes were detected in 71.7% (720/1004), including high-risk HPV genotypes in 58.1% (583/1,004). In NILM, HPV-positive rates were 4.5% (39/873) in the older age group and 11.8% (199/1,690) in the younger age group. In high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or more severe cytological findings, HPV genotypes of each group (older age group/younger age group) were detected in 61.7%/83.1%, and high-risk HPV genotypes were detected in 56.4%/74.7% of women. In positive cervical smears, HPV 16 was the most frequently detected (28.5%) in the younger age group, while HPV 52 (31.3%) and 58 (27.2%) were detected more frequently than HPV 16 (18.4%) in the older age group. Conclusions: In Japan, although HPV infection as a cause of abnormal cervical cytology is more frequent among younger age groups than in older age groups, high-risk HPV infection was more highly associated with older individuals (older age group/younger age group: abnormal smear findings, 82.4%/81.0%; HSIL or more severe cytological findings, 91.3%/89.9%). In older age groups, HPV 52 and 58 were more frequent than HPV 16.

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