Comprehensive guidance for the design and reassessment of tubular joints

Abstract Objective To develop comprehensive guidance that captures international impacts, causes, and solutions related to emergency department crowding and access block Methods Emergency physicians representing 15 countries from all IFEM regions composed the Task Force. Monthly meetings were held via video-conferencing software to achieve consensus for report content. The report was submitted and approved by the IFEM Board on June 1, 2020. Results A total of 14 topic dossiers, each relating to an aspect of ED crowding, were researched and completed collaboratively by members of the Task Force. Conclusions The IFEM report is a comprehensive document intended to be used in whole or by section to inform and address aspects of ED crowding and access block. Overall, ED crowding is a multifactorial issue requiring systems-wide solutions applied at local, regional, and national levels. Access block is the predominant contributor of ED crowding in most parts of the world.

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Book Reviews : Comprehensive Guidance in Grief Counselling

The Expository Times ◽

10.1177/001452467808901021 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. 317-317

Author(s):

Norman Autton

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Guidance

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Efficient Fatigue Testing of Tubular Joints

Volume 4: Materials Technology ◽

10.1115/omae2015-41740 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

P. Thibaux ◽

J. Van Wittenberghe ◽

E. Van Pottelberg ◽

M. Van Poucke ◽

P. De Baets ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Fatigue Testing ◽

Fatigue Loading ◽

Tubular Joints ◽

Testing Method ◽

Out Of Plane ◽

Resonance Principle ◽

Tubular Joint ◽

The Cost ◽

Good Agreement

Tubular joints are intensively used in off-shore structures for shallow waters. Depending on the sea conditions and the type of structure, the design can be fatigue driven. This is particularly the case for off-shore wind turbines, where turbulences are generating a fatigue loading. Any improvement of the fatigue performance of the tubular joint would be beneficial to reduce the weight and the cost of the structure. To assess efficiently the fatigue resistance of the tubular joint, a testing method has been developed based on the resonance principle. The complete circumference of the welded joint can be loaded, successively in the in-plane and out-of-plane modes at a frequency close to 20Hz. Finite element computations were used to investigate the feasibility of the concept. Then, an X-node was made and successfully tested to investigate the stress distribution along the weld. The experimental results were compared with finite element computations, giving a good agreement.

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Structural Efficiency of Internally Ring‐Stiffened Steel Tubular Joints

Journal of Structural Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1992)118:11(3016) ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 118 (11) ◽

pp. 3016-3035 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

D. S. Ramachandra Murthy ◽

A. G. Madhava Rao ◽

P. Gandhi ◽

P. K. Pant

Keyword(s):

Structural Efficiency ◽

Tubular Joints ◽

Stiffened Steel

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The Stress Analysis and Experimental Research of Tubular K-Joints With Overlap

Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.3257034 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 109 (4) ◽

pp. 375-380

Author(s):

Tie-yun Chen ◽

Wei-min Chen

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Stress Concentration ◽

Variational Method ◽

Stress Analysis ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Intersection Point ◽

Tubular Joints ◽

Photoelastic Experiment ◽

Intersection Curves

The geometry of overlapping tubular joints, the equations of intersection curves and the coordinate of the intersection point are introduced first. The variational method for simple tubular joints is extended to the stress analysis of tubular K-joints with overlap. The computer program is compiled. The stress concentration factor and the position of the hot spot of an overlapping joint are found. For the sake of proving the feasibility of our analysis and program, the computed results are compared with experimental data of our photoelastic experiment and other experiments.

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Welding Procedure Establishment for Tubular Joints Welded by Single Station, Solid State Welding Machine

ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference: Volume 6, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/pvp2010-25626 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Ganesan S. Marimuthu ◽

Per Thomas Moe ◽

Bjarne Salberg ◽

Junyan Liu ◽

Henry Valberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Welding Process ◽

High Strength ◽

Pipe Material ◽

Tubular Joints ◽

Welding Machine ◽

Single Station ◽

Welding Procedure ◽

Treatment Procedures

Forge welding is an efficient welding method for tubular joints applicable in oil and gas industries due to its simplicity in carrying out the welding, absence of molten metal and filler metals, small heat-affected zone and high process flexibility. Prior to forging, the ends (bevels) of the joining tubes can be heated by torch or electromagnetic (EM) techniques, such as induction or high frequency resistance heating. The hot bevels are subsequently pressed together to establish the weld. The entire welding process can be completed within seconds and consistently produces superior quality joints of very high strength and adequate ductility. Industrial forge welding of tubes in the field is relatively expensive compared to laboratory testing. Moreover, at the initial stages of a new project sufficient quantities of pipe material may not be available for weldability testing. For these and several other reasons we have developed a highly efficient single station, solid state welding machine that carefully replicates the thermomechanical conditions of full-scale Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding Machines (SAG-FWM) for pipeline and casing applications. This representative laboratory machine can be used to weld tubular goods, perform material characterization and/or simulate welding and heat treatment procedures. The bevel shapes at mating ends of the tubes are optimized by ABAQUS® simulations to fine tune temperature distribution. The main aim of this paper is to establish a welding procedure for welding the tubular joints by the representative laboratory machine. The quality of the welded tubular joint was analyzed by macro/micro analyses, as well as hardness and bend tests. The challenges in optimizing the bevel shape and process parameters to weld high quality tubular joints are thoroughly discussed. Finally a welding procedure specification was established to weld the tubular joints in the representative laboratory machine.

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