Investigation of slope failure mechanisms caused by discontinuous large scale geological structures at the Cadia Hill Open Pit

2008 ◽  
pp. 1209-1216
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Geological Structures

scholarly journals STABILITY ANALYSIS AND FAILURE MECHANISMS OF OPEN PIT ROCK SLOPE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Yahdi Azzuhry
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Class Number ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Wedge Failure ◽  
Planar Failure

Rock mass in nature tend to be unideal, for it is heterogeneous, anisotropic and has discontinuity. The discontinuity makes anisotropic strength and stress in the rock mass, and also controls the changing of the elastic properties of rock mass. This condition results to disruptions in the rock mass strength balance, and finally drives the slopes to collapse. This study aims to determine the slope failure mechanisms in the area of case study, as well as its variations based on the Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Geological Strength Index (GSI), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), kinematic analysis, numerical analysis and monitoring approach slope movement in a coal mine slope applications. The site investigations were implemented to obtain information about slope collapse. Prior to the collapse, the slope inclination was 38° with of 94 meters height, strike slope of N 245 E and direction of slope surface of 335°. After the collapse, the slope was became 25º; and after the collapse materials were cleared, it was 35º. The discontinuity mapping obtained 5 sets of discontinuities, and the data were developed to obtain the value of RMR. The result of piezometer measurements was that at occurrence of collapse, slope elevation was 44.40m. Displacement value from monitoring SSMR showed that when the slope was collapsing in two stages, the first stage value was 70.61cm (a more critical condition, the value was rounded down to 70cm to the implementation in modelling) and the second stage value was at 124.25cm. The value of RMR89 in this study was greater than the value of GSI and SMR. As for the average value, it was obtained 34.67 for RMR89 value and 29.67 for GSI value, these rocks then can be classified into Poor Rock class number IV. The result of kinematic analysis found that sliding planar failure at dips 36°, and wedge failure at dips 36°, 35° and 34°. Acquisition SMR value obtained at 25, 27, 28 and 29. The SMR values classified the rock mass quality into class number IV, the description of the rock mass was relatively poor, the slope stability was low or unstable and the collapse manifold was planar or wedge failure. The result from the analysis of the model with its criteria obtained was that un-collapse conditions at angle 29°. It is recommended to use 29° angle to repair the slopes, and also recommended for overall high wall slope angle. Type of collapse that occurred on the slope failure mechanisms in all of the analysis that has been done, it is known that the mechanisms involved are complex types (combine of wedge failure, planar failure, and step-path failure) or classified into large scale rock slope failure surface.

Coal mining-disturbed land reclamation laws

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
T. V. Galanina ◽  
M. I. Baumgarten ◽  
T. G. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Production Output

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF METALLURGICAL SLAGS AS A BACKFILL MATERIAL FOR QUARRY CAVITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Bondarenko ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Filonenko ◽  
Mykhailo Petlovanyi ◽  
Vladyslav Ruskykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Metallurgical Slag ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Steel Smelting ◽  
Backfill Material ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Metallurgical Slags

Purpose. Experimental studies of the interaction of blast-furnace and steel-making slags with open pit waters during their direct contact and assessment of the volume of filling of the formed man-made cavities during mining of mineral deposits. Methods. Based on the analysis, the current low level of metallurgical slag and the lack of real and effective directions of their large-scale utilization were determined. The laboratory studies of the interaction of metallurgical slags with open pit water at a certain time of interaction, generally accepted methods for studying the chemical composition and concentration of substances in water, computer-aided design software packages and drawings to determine the volumes of the open pit mined-out area were used. Results. The dynamics of changes in the products of interactions of steel-smelting slags with open-pit waters at a certain ratio and period of interaction was investigated. It was found that the concentration of pollutants upon contact of water with steel-making slag changes according to polynomial dependences on the time of their interaction, decreasing by the 30th day, which eliminates the danger for the aquifer. The safest type of metallurgical slag was recommended for the formation of the bottom layer of the backfill massif. The volumes of the mined-out area of the open pit were determined in detail to assess the volumes of placement of the backfill material based on metallurgical slags. Scientific novelty. The safety of the contact of backfill materials based on steelmaking slags with open pit water was scientifically proven, which is confirmed by the established polynomial patterns of changes in concentrations and pollutants from the ratio and time of interaction. Practical significance. The formation of the backfill massif on the basis of blast-furnace dump and steel-smelting slags will allow achieving an environmental effect, such as their safe disposal as a reclamation of technologically disturbed lands by mining and restoration of the economic value of the land plot, as well as preventing the formation of new dumps.

scholarly journals Brown Coal in Victoria, Australia and Maddingley Brown Coal Open Cut Mine Batter Stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Greg You
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Brown coal is young, shallowly deposited, and widely distributed in the world. It is a fuel commonly used to generate electricity. This paper first reviews the resources and characteristics of brown coal in Victoria, Australia, and its exploitation and contribution to the economy or power supply in Victoria. Due to the shallow depth of the brown coal seam, e.g. very favorable stripping ratio, open pit mining is the only mining method used to extract the coal at low cost for power generators. With the large-scale mining operations, cases of batter failure were not rare in the area. From the comprehensive review of past failures, overburden batter tends to fail by circular sliding, coal batter tends to fail by block sliding after the overburden is stripped due to a weak water-bearing layer underneath the coal seam and tension cracks developed at the rear of the batter, and batter failure is typically coincided with peak raining seasons. Secondly, the paper reviews the case study of Maddingley Brown Coal (MBC) Open Cut Mine batter stability, including geology, hydrogeology, and hydro-mechanically coupled numerical modelling. The modelling employs three-dimensional finite element method to simulate the MBC northern batter where cracks were observed in November 2013. The comprehensive simulation covers an overburden batter, a brown coal batter, two rainfall models, and a buttressed batter. The simulated results agree well with observed data, and it is found that the rainfall at the intensity of 21mm substantially lowered the factor of safety of the coal batter.

Prediction of the Ground Vibration Rate during Large-scale Explosions in the Underground Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
V.N. Tyupin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Vibration Velocity ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
The Earth

At present, to ensure seismic safety in massive explosions, the analytical dependence of the determination of the vibration velocity of M.A. Sadovsky rock mass is mainly used. This dependence is widely used in the creation of seismic-safe technologies for mineral deposits open-pit and underground mining. However, scientific research and production experience showed that the rate of oscillation depends on the energy parameters of the explosive, the diameter and length of its charges, the number of simultaneously exploded charges, the number of deceleration stages, the deceleration interval, etc. The purpose of this article is to predict the speed fluctuations of the massif on the earth surface when conducting the underground explosions depending on the parameters of large-scale explosions and physical-technical properties of the rock masses in the areas of explosion of the protected object. The formulas for calculating the velocity of rock mass on the earth surface during large-scale explosions in the underground conditions are substantiated and presented. The formulas were used for calculating the vibration velocities of the rock mass on the earth surface in accordance with the parameters of drilling and blasting operations during large-scale explosions in the mines of GK VostGOK. Comparison of theoretical (calculated) data and the results of actual measurements indicates their convergence. By changing the controlled parameters in the calculation formulas, it is possible to quantitatively reduce the seismic effect of a large-scale explosions on the protected objects. Further research will be aimed at studying the influence of tectonic faults, artificial contour crevices, filling massif or mined-out space on the rate of seismic-explosive vibrations during blasting operations in the mines. The research results can be used in the preparation of rules for conducting large-scale explosions at the underground mining.

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