Application of PCMs for Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Indoor Comfort in Buildings

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-155
Author(s):  
Farah Souayfane ◽  
Pascal Henry Biwolé ◽  
Farouk Fardoun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Comfort

scholarly journals Field Test on Performance of an Air Source Heat Pump System Using Novel Gravity-Driven Radiators as Indoor Heating Terminal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jia ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Yuanda Cheng ◽  
Qi Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Gravity Driven ◽  
Indoor Comfort

The simultaneous need for energy efficiency and indoor comfort may not be met by existing air source heat pump (ASHP) technology. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a new gravity-driven radiator as the indoor heating terminal of ASHPs, aiming to provide an acceptable indoor comfort with improved energy efficiency. To confirm and quantify the performance improvement due to the proposed system retrofit, a field test was conducted to examine the system performance under real conditions. In the tests, measurements were made on the refrigerant- and air-side of the system to characterize its operational characteristics. Results showed that the proposed radiator has a rapid thermal response, which ensures a fast heat output from the system. The proposed system can create a stable and uniform indoor environment with a measured air diffusion performance index of 80%. The energy efficiency of the proposed system was also assessed based on the test data. It was found that the system’s first law efficiency is 42.5% higher than the hydraulic-based ASHP system. In terms of the second law efficiency, the compressor contributes the most to the overall system exergy loss. The exergy efficiency of the proposed system increases with the outdoor temperature and varies between 35.02 and 38.93% in the test period. The research results and the analysis methodology reported in this study will be useful for promoting the technology in search of energy efficiency improvement in residential and commercial buildings.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation and Energy Performance Simulation of Mongolian Ger with ETS Heater and Solar PV in Ulaanbaatar City

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5840
Author(s):  
Bat-Erdene Bayandelger ◽  
Yuzuru Ueda ◽  
Amarbayar Adiyabat
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Central Energy ◽  
Indoor Comfort

There are approximately 200,000 households living in detached houses and gers (yurts) with small coal stoves that burn raw coal in Ulaanbaatar city. A proper heating system and improvement of the energy efficiency of residential dwellings are vitally important for Ulaanbaatar city to reduce air pollution as well as for the operation of the current central energy system. This study shows the experimental results for two gers with two different heating systems and different thermal insulation, for investigating the merits of each. The technical feasibility of the system consisting of an electric thermal storage (ETS) heater with a daytime charging schedule and areal photovoltaic (PV) system was also examined by using a simulation with software developed in MATLAB (R2020a, MathWorks, USA). As a result of the experiment, the indoor comfort level and energy efficiency of the ger with added insulation and an ETS heater with nighttime charging were shown to be enhanced compared with those of the reference ger. The ger with added insulation and the ETS heater consumed 3169 kWh for electric appliances and 5989 kWh for the heating season. The simulation showed that the PV self-consumption rate is 76% for the Ger 2 with the ETS heater because of the daytime charging schedule of the ETS heater. The PV system supplied 31% of the total energy consumed, with the remaining 69% from the main grid.

Electrochromics for energy efficiency and indoor comfort

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2489-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes G. Granqvist
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Reactive Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Reactive Magnetron ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
Device Technology

Electrochromic (EC) oxide films with nanocrystalline and nanoporous structure constitute the basis of a number of devices for modulating the throughput of radiant energy. One example is in architectural windows capable of providing energy efficiency and indoor comfort simultaneously. This paper introduces EC technology with particular attention to applications to the built environment. The nanostructural features of the EC films are emphasized, and it is pointed out that reactive magnetron sputtering can be used for large area manufacturing. Electrochromics is discussed from the viewpoints of materials, device technology, and applications.

Optical coatings for energy-efficient fenestration: principles, products and prospects

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes G. Granqvist
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Optical Coatings ◽  
Major Road ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Spectral Selectivity ◽  
Indoor Comfort

AbstractBuildings use as much as 40% of the world’s total primary energy. This huge energy consumption is mainly tied to poor designs and entrenched practices for buildings’ envelopes. One major road toward more energy efficient buildings is to employ design principles that are in harmony with the radiation in our natural surroundings. Glass coatings with spectral selectivity can lead to windows and glass facades with good thermal insulation and capability to transmit mainly visible light or, alternatively, across the full solar spectrum. Chromogenic glazings, especially if based on electrochromism, can regulate the inflow of visible light and solar energy between widely separated limits and achieve further energy efficiency. The new fenestration technologies are able to improve indoor comfort.

Physical Rules Based Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inferential Sensor Model Design and Analysis in Predicting the Indoor Temperature in Heating System

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 370-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Huang ◽  
Zai Yi Liao ◽  
Hua Ge ◽  
Lian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Model Design ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Sensor Model ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Robust Prediction ◽  
Indoor Comfort

The previous research on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inferential systems (ANFIS) presented an approach to estimating the average indoor temperature in the building environment. However, the restriction on robustness limited the energy efficiency and indoor comfort ratio. An accurate and robust prediction model is proposed in this paper. Comparing to the previous unphysical rules based ANFIS prediction model, the improvement of the physical rules based ANFIS prediction model will be presented and the reason of better performance of this new model will be discussed. Three performance measures are using in evaluating the proposed prediction model.

scholarly journals Different Façade Types and Building Integration in Energy Efficient Building Design Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Muammer Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Building Facade ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
The Impact

Building façades play a major role in improving the effects of outdoor environment conditions on indoor comfort conditions. Façades, which are designed as energy efficiency, are created according to different performance parameters and can offer solutions appropriate for the climatic condition. This paper aims to describe and highlight the role of design and application determinants in building façade types according to energy efficiency in different climatic classes. For this purpose, 12 building façade types in different climate types were investigated and analyzed by a purposive or judgmental sampling technique. Façade analyses have been carried out by considering double skin, adaptive, photovoltaic panel, vertical green, media and structural membrane façades created as a result of developing technological opportunities. Balance of heat loss and gain, preventing overheating, providing daylight and natural ventilation, active and mechanical solutions for climate-sensitive, noise control, recycling and evaluating the initial investment cost are presented. With examinations, it has been determined that different façade systems are innovative construction systems in creating energy efficiency. It has been concluded that the effect of improving indoor comfort conditions of the building by controlling the outdoor environment conditions with the construction of different facade systems is very important in the architectural process. With the development of technology and smart systems, the impact of the façades on the climate analysis and energy efficient design strategies will be much more important in the future

Progress in Chromogenic Materials and Devices: New Data on Electrochromics and Thermochromics

2013 ◽  
Vol 1492 ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Granqvist ◽  
S.-Y. Li ◽  
İ. Bayrak Pehlivan ◽  
G. A. Niklasson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Mg Doping ◽  
Thermal Emittance ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Ito Nanoparticles ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
Theoretical Results

ABSTRACTElectrochromic (EC) and thermochromic (TC) materials are of much interest for “smart” windows which combine energy efficiency with the provision of indoor comfort. This paper summarizes results from several recent studies related to nanoparticles of transparent and electrically conducting ITO (i.e., In2O3:Sn) and of thermochromic VO2. Specifically, we consider (i) the use of ITO nanoparticles in polaronic EC devices in order to suppress near-infrared solar transmittance, (ii) performance limits for plasmonic EC devices embodying ITO nanoparticles, and (iii) ITO-VO2-based nanocomposites with joint low thermal emittance and TC properties, and with Mg-doping of the VO2 as a means for boosting the luminous transmittance. Both experimental and theoretical results are presented.

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