State of International Policy for Blue Carbon Actions

2018 ◽  
pp. 199-215
Author(s):  
Dorothee Herr ◽  
Tibor Vegh ◽  
Moritz Von Unger
Jurnal Segara ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin Rustam ◽  
Terry L. Kepel ◽  
Restu Nur Afiati ◽  
Hadiwijaya L. Salim ◽  
Mariska Astrid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Law and World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157

In the presented article, the author analyzes socio-economic damage caused and expected as a result of cybercrime, a global and transnational threat. In parallel, with the development of technology and the growing dependence of the population on internet resources in the digital era, there are discussed dangers of blooming opportunities for cybercriminals and harm imposed by their actions. Taking into account the scale of the proceeds of crime, the author of the article presumes that cybercrime has formed into organized criminal business and has become a threat not only to the security of states and proper functioning of their institutions but also to the property and assets of citizens and enterprises, banks and fund institutions. According to the author, even the rules implemented by countries with a strong economy and developed technologies, and the refinement/ development of methods to combat this crime, will not bring results and will not be effective, since cybercrime is global and transnational by its nature. To accomplish the goals effectively, response to this challenge should be comprehensive, based on unified, well-established international policy. This only can be achieved through close interstate cooperation and instant (bypassing bureaucratic formalism) mutual legal assistance.


Author(s):  
Hideki Kokubu ◽  
Hideki Kokubu

Blue Carbon, which is carbon captured by marine organisms, has recently come into focus as an important factor for climate change initiatives. This carbon is stored in vegetated coastal ecosystems, specifically mangrove forests, seagrass beds and salt marshes. The recognition of the C sequestration value of vegetated coastal ecosystems provides a strong argument for their protection and restoration. Therefore, it is necessary to improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms that stock control C in these ecosystems. However, the contribution of Blue Carbon sequestration to atmospheric CO2 in shallow waters is as yet unclear, since investigations and analysis technology are ongoing. In this study, Blue Carbon sinks by Zostera marina were evaluated in artificial (Gotenba) and natural (Matsunase) Zostera beds in Ise Bay, Japan. 12-hour continuous in situ photosynthesis and oxygen consumption measurements were performed in both areas by using chambers in light and dark conditions. The production and dead amount of Zostera marina shoots were estimated by standing stock measurements every month. It is estimated that the amount of carbon storage as Blue Carbon was 237g-C/m2/year and 197g-C/m2/year in the artificial and natural Zostera marina beds, respectively. These results indicated that Zostera marina plays a role towards sinking Blue Carbon.


Author(s):  
Kristin A. Hancock ◽  
Douglas C. Haldeman

Psychology’s understanding of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people has evolved, become more refined, and impacted the lives of LGB people in profound ways. This chapter traces the history of LGB psychology from the nineteenth century to the present and focuses on major events and the intersections of theory, psychological science, politics, and activism in the history of this field. It explores various facets of cultural and psychological history that include the pathologizing of homosexuality, the rise of psychological science and the political movements in the mid-twentieth century, and the major shifts in policy that ensued. The toll of the AIDS epidemic on the field is discussed as is the impact of psychological research on national and international policy and legislation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis ◽  
Jeffrey A. Baldock ◽  
Bruce Hawke ◽  
Patricia S. Gadd ◽  
Atun Zawadzki ◽  
...  

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