2: Phenolic Compounds Potential Health Benefits and Toxicity

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-59 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Potential Health

scholarly journals Insects as a source of phenolic compounds and potential health benefits

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
M.C. Nino ◽  
L. Reddivari ◽  
C. Osorio ◽  
I. Kaplan ◽  
A.M. Liceaga
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Plant Phenolics ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Bioactive Potential

The use of insects in traditional medicine and unveiling the chemical structure of the bright pigments in butterfly wings led to the discovery of bioactive phenolic compounds in the insect bodies. These metabolites have been found not only due to the insect absorption and metabolisation of the plant-derived phenolic present in their diet, but also from the ability of insects to synthesise phenolic compounds de novo through the sclerotisation process. Plant phenolics are secondary metabolites involved in the protection of tissues against UV radiation, herbivores, and pathogens, as well as pigmentation of fruits and flowers. These bioactive compounds exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities, demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo studies. This bioactive potential is thought to occur due to their chemical characteristics that allow them to stabilise reactive oxygen species (ROS), chelate prooxidant metal ions, interact with key enzymes and signal cascades involved in biological pathways. Bioactivity of plant phenolics and both in vitro, in vivo studies, suggest that the dietary compounds absorbed by the insect maintain their chemical and bioactive properties. Further characterisation of the phenolic composition in edible insects and evaluation of their bioactive capacity as well as their bioavailability, could result in discovering additional health benefits of entomophagy apart from macro-nutritional (e.g. protein) content.

scholarly journals Bioactive components of two species of locally grown nuts: Their potential health benefits and implications for healthy living

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ayomadewa Mercy Olatunya
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Locally Grown

Background: Bioactive compounds are naturally occurring compounds in plants and animal products. They are known to have a variety of physiological functions in the body system such as: promoting general body development and prevention of the occurrence of some deadly diseases. The high burden of treatment of some deadly diseases like cancer, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases has raised the need for scientists to generate empirical evidence on preventing these diseases using a dietary approach. Nuts have been identified as plants with potential to improve human health and prevent diseases when consumed adequately because of their rich constituents. This research work was conducted to evaluate and elucidate the bioactive components of locally grown nuts and their potential health benefits. Methods: The Phenolic compounds, phytosterols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols contents of the nuts were analyzed using standard methods.  Results: Fourteen phenolic compounds were detected in the two nuts with cinnamic and gallic acids detected in appreciable amounts in groundnuts and caffeic acid in cashew nut. The total amount of tocopherols in cashew nut was 14.08 mg/100g and 37.95 mg/100g in groundnut and the total tocotrienol was 0.85 and 4.00 × 10-3 mg/100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively. Both samples have high quantity of sistosterol (251.36mg/100g and 238.95 mg/ 100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively) with cashew nut having significantly higher amount. Conclusion: The results showed that the nuts are rich in bioactive compounds and could be considered as natural sources of bioactive compounds that can be obtained from diets rich in these nuts to prevent the occurrence of certain deadly human diseases that are of high burden worldwide.      Keywords: Phenolic Compounds, Tocopherols, Groundnuts, Cashew nuts

scholarly journals Is Chickpea a Potential Substitute for Soybean? Phenolic Bioactives and Potential Health Benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Costa de Camargo ◽  
Bruno Trevenzoli Favero ◽  
Maressa Caldeira Morzelle ◽  
Marcelo Franchin ◽  
Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidation ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Legume seeds are rich sources of protein, fiber, and minerals. In addition, their phenolic compounds as secondary metabolites render health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Lowering apolipoprotein B secretion from HepG2 cells and decreasing the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol oxidation are mechanisms related to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Likewise, low-level chronic inflammation and related disorders of the immune system are clinical predictors of cardiovascular pathology. Furthermore, DNA-damage signaling and repair are crucial pathways to the etiology of human cancers. Along CVD and cancer, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes is constantly increasing. Screening the ability of polyphenols in inactivating digestive enzymes is a good option in pre-clinical studies. In addition, in vivo studies support the role of polyphenols in the prevention and/or management of diabetes and obesity. Soybean, a well-recognized source of phenolic isoflavones, exerts health benefits by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation related to the above-mentioned chronic ailments. Similar to soybeans, chickpeas are good sources of nutrients and phenolic compounds, especially isoflavones. This review summarizes the potential of chickpea as a substitute for soybean in terms of health beneficial outcomes. Therefore, this contribution may guide the industry in manufacturing functional foods and/or ingredients by using an undervalued feedstock.

scholarly journals Main bioactive phenolic compounds in marine algae and their mechanisms of action supporting potential health benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 128262
Author(s):  
C. Jimenez-Lopez ◽  
A.G. Pereira ◽  
C. Lourenço-Lopes ◽  
P. Garcia-Oliveira ◽  
L. Cassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Potential Health

scholarly journals Characterization of Trametes versicolor: Medicinal Mushroom with Important Health Benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca M. POP ◽  
Ion Cosmin PUIA ◽  
Aida PUIA ◽  
Veronica S. CHEDEA ◽  
Nicolae LEOPOLD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

Trametes species represents a rich source of nutritive compounds with important pharmacological properties like antioxidant, antiinflammatory and anti-cancer properties. However, factors like genetic background, harvesting period, geographic location, climatic conditions and others are influencing the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds, their fingerprint and their concentration. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids content of two mushroom species, namely Tramestes versicolor (TV) and Trametes gibbosa (TG), mushrooms with potential health benefits, harvested from north-west part of Romania. In order to determine the phenolic compounds profile, water, methanol, and acetone mushroom extracts were analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and LC-MS analysis. In total 28 compounds were tentatively identified as phenolic acids (11 compounds), flavonols (6 compounds), flavones (6 compounds), coumarins (2 compounds), flavanols, isoflavonoids and biflavonoids (1 compound). The highest antioxidant activity was determined for the methanolic extract while the highest total polyphenols content and total flavonoids content were determined for the water extract. The results obtained suggested that Trametes species can be considered important sources of bioactive compounds, their phenolics composition and content being influenced by a series of factors like geographic area origin and genetic background.

scholarly journals A perspective on phenolic compounds, their potential health benefits, and international regulations: The revised Brazilian normative on food supplements

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Costa De Camargo ◽  
Renan da Silva Lima
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
International Market ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
International Regulations

Phenolic compounds possess a myriad of health benefits, thus making them potential ingredients for the procurement of food supplements. Anvisa, Brazil’s national regulatory body, has recently revised the regulation on food supplements and only a few phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, rutin, proanthocyanidins, and tocopherols) have been mentioned. Despite several scientific evidences on the bioactivity of phenolics, especially concerning their antioxidant activity, Anvisa does not authorize any claims for supplements containing these compounds, except for tocopherols, which was mentioned as “vitamin E”. The upper limit doses allowed for the phenolics appear to be lower than what the literature suggests as necessary to achieve potential health benefits and might be prohibitive for supplements available in the international market. Moreover, Brazilian sources of phenolic compounds are not listed in the Normative Instruction (NI) as authorized ingredients for supplements. The Brazilian NI on food supplements has moved forward, but it is still limited.

Understanding the nutritional and nutraceutical properties of sorghum

2021 ◽  
pp. 293-318
Author(s):  
Sarah Cox ◽  
◽  
Weiqun Wang ◽  
Seong-Ho Lee ◽  
Dmitriy Smolensky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Preventative Measure ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Nutritional Effects ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Sorghum is a globally grown cereal. Many sorghum varieties contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds with potential health benefits. With a growing interest in using diet as a preventative measure against chronic diseases, the benefits of sorghum need to be examined. This chapter discusses current research on sorghum and its bioactive compounds, particularly the diversity of polyphenolic compounds present in sorghum. The effects of the phenolic compounds against cancer, their anti-inflammatory properties, anti-obesity effects and effects on gut microbiome are discussed. The chapter also discusses anti-nutritional effects of sorghum polyphenols as well as the effects of processing on bioactive compounds and bioavailability.

scholarly journals Potential health benefits of phenolic compounds in grape processing by-products

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1607-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice N. Averilla ◽  
Jisun Oh ◽  
Hyo Jung Kim ◽  
Jae Sik Kim ◽  
Jong-Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
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