Ground motion at a rock trapezoidal hill under seismic waves induced by an underground exploitation

2018 ◽  
pp. 529-537
Author(s):  
Z.L. Li ◽  
J.C. Li ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
J. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves

Three-Dimensional Simulations of Strong Ground Motion in the Shidian Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 1447-1452
Author(s):  
Yan Yan Yu ◽  
Qi Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spectral Element ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Computing Technique ◽  
Soil Deposits ◽  
Basin Edge ◽  
The Impact

Seismic response of the Shidian basin to moderate scenario earthquake is investigated considering 3D basin model incorporated with real topography by using the spectral-element method and parallel computing technique. The wave propagation process, the generation of surface wave, and the impact of soil deposits velocity to the basin-induced surface wave are studied in this paper. The results show that the amplification behavior of the basin is the interactions of basin geometry and low velocity soil deposits. First, locally small hollows in the basin are apt to trap seismic waves and produce much stronger ground motion, basin edge and areas with deep sediments are also characterized with large amplification. Then, basin with softer soil deposits produces stronger surface waves with lower propagation velocity and higher mode.

scholarly journals Multi-angle and nonuniform ground motions on cable-stayed bridges

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110513
Author(s):  
Eleftheria Efthymiou ◽  
Alfredo Camara
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Cable System ◽  
Parametric Problem ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

The definition of the spatial variability of the ground motion (SVGM) is a complex and multi-parametric problem. Its effect on the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges is important, yet not entirely understood to date. This work examines the effect of the SVGM on the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges by means of the time delay of the ground motion at different supports, the loss of coherency of the seismic waves, and the incidence angle of the seismic waves. The focus herein is the effect of the SVGM on cable-stayed bridges with various configurations in terms of their length and of design parameters such as the pylon shape and the pylon–cable system configuration. The aim of this article is to provide general conclusions that are applicable to a wide range of canonical cable-stayed bridges and to contribute to the ongoing effort to interpret and predict the effect of the SVGM in long structures. This work shows that the effect of the SVGM on the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges varies depending on the pylon shape, height, and section dimensions; on the cable-system configuration; and on the response quantity of interest. Furthermore, the earthquake incidence angle defines whether the SVGM is important to the seismic response of the cable-stayed bridges. It is also confirmed that the SVGM excites vibration modes of the bridges that do not contribute to their seismic response when identical support motion is considered.

scholarly journals Basin Resonance and Seismic Hazard for Jakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasius Cipta ◽  
Phil Cummins ◽  
Masyhur Irsyam ◽  
Sri Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Earthquake Scenario ◽  
Design Response Spectrum ◽  
Intraslab Earthquake

We use earthquake ground motion modelling via Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) and numerical simulation of seismic waves to consider the effects of site amplification and basin resonance in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. While spectral accelerations at short periods are sensitive to near-surface conditions (i.e., Vs30), our results suggest that, for basins as deep as Jakarta’s, available GMPEs cannot be relied upon to accurately estimate the effect of basin depth on ground motions at long periods (>1 s). Amplitudes at such long periods are influenced by entrapment of seismic waves in the basin, resulting in longer duration of strong ground motion, and interference between incoming and reflected waves as well as focusing at basin edges may amplify seismic waves. In order to simulate such phenomena in detail, a basin model derived from a previous study is used as a computational domain for deterministic earthquake scenario modeling in a 2-dimensional cross-section. A Mw 9.0 megathrust, a Mw 6.5 crustal thrust and a Mw 7.0 instraslab earthquake are chosen as scenario events that pose credible threats to Jakarta, and the interactions with the basin of seismic waves generated by these events were simulated. The highest PGV amplifications are recorded at sites near the middle of the basin and near its southern edge, with maximum amplifications of PGV in the horizontal component of 200% for the crustal, 600% for the megathrust and 335% for the deep intraslab earthquake scenario, respectively. We find that the levels of ground motion response spectral acceleration fall below those of the 2012 Indonesian building Codes's design response spectrum for short periods (< 1 s), but closely approach or may even exceed these levels for longer periods.

Feasibility of the use of Microtremors in Estimating Site Response during Earthquakes: Some Test Cases in Italy

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rovelli ◽  
Shri K. Singh ◽  
Luca Malagnini ◽  
Alessandro Amato ◽  
Massimo Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Site Response ◽  
Spectral Ratio ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Spectral Ratios ◽  
Cultural Noise ◽  
Maximum Amplification

We explore the feasibility of the use of microtremors in estimating the amplification of seismic waves at soft sites in Italy. Microtremors were measured at three soft sites and nearby hard sites at night when the cultural noise was minimum. These soft sites were selected as those showing the largest amplifications of ground motion during earthquakes as compared to the records on the hard sites or with respect to the predicted spectra. We compare the soft-to-hard site microtremor spectral ratios with the corresponding acceleration spectral ratios. A rough estimate of the shape and level of spectral amplification is obtained from the microtremor data in all three cases. However, the details of the soft-to-hard site spectral ratio are not reproduced and some differences appear in (a) the frequency at which the maximum amplification occurs, and (b) the bandwidth of the significant amplification. More testing of the method is needed before its wider use for microzonation in Italy can be recommended.

Coupled torsional dynamic analysis of a multistory building

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 1025-1039
Author(s):  
Bruce M. Douglas ◽  
Thomas E. Trabert
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Horizontal Ground Motion

abstract The coupled bending and torsional vibrations of a relatively symmetric 22-story reinforced concrete building in Reno, Nevada are studied. Analytical results are compared with observations obtained during the nuclear explosion FAULTLESS and to ambient vibration data. The fundamental periods of vibration observed during FAULTLESS were (TNS = 1.42, TEW = 1.81, TTORSION = 1.12 sec), and the calculated periods were (TNS = 2.14, TEW = 2.07, TTORSION = 1.90 sec). It was estimated that between 25 and 45 per cent of the total available nonstructural stiffness was required to explain the differences in the observed and calculated fundamental periods. Each floor diaphragm in the system was allowed three degrees of freedom-two translations and a rotation. It was found that coupled torsional motions can influence the response of structural elements near the periphery of the structure. Strong-motion structural response calculations comparing the simultaneous use of both components of horizontal ground motion to a single component analysis showed that the simultaneous application of both components of ground motion can significantly alter the response of lateral load-carrying elements. Differences of the order of 45 per cent were observed in the frames near the ends of the structure. Also, it was shown that the overall response of tall buildings is sensitive not only to the choice of input ground motion but also to the orientation of the structure with respect to the seismic waves.

Surface topography effects on seismic ground motion and correlation with earthquake-induced landslide: An example of the JiuJiu peaks in 1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Te Chen ◽  
Shiann-Jong Lee ◽  
Yu-Chang Chan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Mesh Model

<p>The topography effect has been thriving investigated based on numerical modeling. It impacts the seismic ground shaking, usually amplifying the amplitude of shaking at top hills or ridges and de-amplifying at valleys. However, the correlation between the earthquake-induced landslide and the topographic amplification is relatively unexplored. To investigate the amplification of seismic response on the surface topography and the role in the Chi-Chi earthquake-induced landslide in the JiuJiu peaks area, we perform a 3D ground motion simulation in the JiuJiu peaks area of Taiwan based on the spectral element method. The Lidar-derived 20m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data was applied to build a mesh model with realistic terrain relief. To this end, in a steep topography area like the JiuJiu peaks, the designed thin buffer layers are applied to dampen the mesh distortion. The three doubling mesh layers near the surface accommodate a more excellent mesh model. Our results show the higher amplification of PGA on the tops and ridges of JiuJiu peaks than surrounding mountains, while the de-amplification mostly occurs near the valley and hillside. The relief topography could have a ±50% variation in PGA amplification for compression wave, and have much more variety in PGA amplification for shear wave, which could be in the range between -50% and +100%. We also demonstrate that the high percentages of the landslide distribution right after the large earthquake are located in the topographic amplified zone. The source frequency content interacts with the topographic feature, in general, small-scale topography amplifies the higher-frequency seismic waves. It is worthy of further investigating the interaction between the realistic topography and the velocity structure on how to impact the seismic response in the different frequency bands. We suggest that the topographic seismic amplification should be taking into account in seismic hazard assessment and landslide evaluation.</p>

Study on Far-Field Ground Motion Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1471-1473
Author(s):  
Gong Lian Chen ◽  
Wen Zheng Lu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Qi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Propagation Process ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Motion Characteristics

In order to study the far-field ground motion characteristics and the attenuation of seismic waves, the peak ground acceleration (velocity, displacement), time of duration and response spectrum of the seismic waves were analyzed in this paper. Through the investigation of earthquake wave propagation process, the seismic attenuation low was analyzed. This study can provide technical support for the seismic design of long period structures and related engineering application.

scholarly journals A Centrifuge Model Test of the Ground Motion Response in a Moderately Stiff Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jing-Yan Lan ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Diwakar Khatri Chhetri ◽  
Mohammad Wasif Naqvi ◽  
Liang-Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Time History ◽  
Centrifuge Model Test ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Motion Response ◽  
Centrifuge Model ◽  
Amplification Effect ◽  
Stiff Soil

The ground motion response in a moderately stiff soil in seismic events has been traditionally studied based on the actual field records which, however, have yet to offer consistent results regarding the amplification effect of the ground motion. In the present study, a centrifuge model of the moderately stiff soil field is designed to study the amplification effect of the ground motion in response to seismic loads. Four El Centro waves of different strengths are used as the input wave at the base under a gravitational field of 75 g. Ground motion data at different depths are collected via a number of sensors to study the acceleration peak, time history, and response spectrum of the ground motion. The measured amplitude and energy of seismic waves are found to gradually increase from the bottom to the surface during the propagation of seismic waves, and the peak acceleration at the surface is significantly magnified. The response spectrum analysis shows that the acceleration response spectrum gradually moves to the high-frequency direction from the base to the surface and the value of the response spectrum decreases with the increase of the depth in the present study.

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