Recycling of Aluminum

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys ◽

10.1201/9781351045636-140000433 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório ◽

Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa

Keyword(s):

Primary Aluminum ◽

Salt Flux ◽

Aluminum Production ◽

Energy Impact ◽

Aluminum Recovery ◽

The World ◽

Primary Aluminum Production ◽

Negative Environmental Impact ◽

The Impact ◽

By Products

Aluminum is the second most used metal in the world because of its properties including good corrosion resistance, low density, high electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity. However, the negative environmental impact from production of primary aluminum is due to the corresponding impact of red mud and release of fluorides which is devastating to forests and the space required for waste disposal. Recycling, in addition to reducing the impact of disposal of the by-products of primary aluminum production also consumes a great amount of electricity. Therefore, recycling of aluminum scrap is of increasing interest. In this article, the following factors involved in aluminum recycling are discussed: environmental and energy impact, secondary metallurgy of aluminum, fundamentals of aluminum recovery using salt flux, recovery of aluminum drosses by milling and preliminary treatments of scrap.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the reactivity of treated spent pot lining from primary aluminum production as cementitious materials

Resources Conservation and Recycling ◽

10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105584 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 170 ◽

pp. 105584

Author(s):

Victor Brial ◽

Hang Tran ◽

Luca Sorelli ◽

David Conciatori ◽

Claudiane M. Ouellet-Plamondon

Keyword(s):

Primary Aluminum ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Aluminum Production ◽

Primary Aluminum Production

Download Full-text

Deactivation of Red Mud by Primary Aluminum Production Wastes

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1040.109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1040 ◽

pp. 109-116

Author(s):

V.Yu. Piirainen ◽

A.A. Barinkova ◽

V.N. Starovoytov ◽

V.M. Barinkov

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Red Mud ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Waste Product ◽

Primary Aluminum ◽

Raw Material ◽

Aluminum Production ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Primary Aluminum Production ◽

Knowledge Intensive

Current global environmental challenges and, above all, global warming associated with a change in the carbon balance in the atmosphere has led to the need for urgent and rapid search for ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, which primarily include carbon dioxide as a by-product of human activity and technological progress. One of these ways is the creation of industries with a complete cycle of turnover of carbon dioxide. Aluminum is the most sought-after nonferrous metal in the world, but its production is not environmentally safe, so it constantly requires the development of knowledge-intensive technologies to improve the technological process of cleaning and disposal of production waste, primarily harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Another environmental problem related to aluminum production is the formation and accumulation in mud lagoon of huge amounts of so-called highly alkaline "red mud," which is a waste product of natural bauxite raw material processing into alumina - the feedstock for aluminum production. Commonly known resources and technological methods of neutralizing red mud and working with it as ore materials for further extraction of useful components are still not used because of their low productivity and cost-effectiveness. This article describes the negative impact of waste in the form of "red" mud and carbon dioxide of primary aluminum production on the environment. The results showed that thanks to carbonization of red mud using carbon dioxide, it is possible to achieve rapid curing and its compact formation for safer transportation and storage until further use. Strength tests of concrete samples filled with deactivated red mud were also carried out, which showed the prospects of using concrete with magnesia binder.

Download Full-text

Introduction to Aluminum

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys ◽

10.1201/9781351045636-140000421 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alexey Sverdlin

Keyword(s):

Ferrous Metal ◽

Primary Aluminum ◽

Aluminum Production ◽

The World ◽

Annual Consumption

Aluminum is the most heavily consumed non-ferrous metal in the world with an annual consumption of approximately 24 million tons of which it is estimate that 75% of this total amount is primary aluminum (aluminum extracted from ore). This article provides an overview of aluminum ores and their composition, reduction of aluminum, production of commercial quality aluminum, extraction, refinement and the production of ultrapure aluminum.

Download Full-text