The impact of tropical urban environment on the durability of RC in Iberoamerican countries

2010 ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
O de Rincón ◽  
M Sánchez ◽  
V Millano ◽  
R de Gutiérrez ◽  
J Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOADS ON NATURAL COMPLEXES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
P. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Impact

the article describes the problems of assessing the anthropogenic impact of human activity on natural com-plexes surrounding urbanized territories. Among the main research tasks are development of methodological foundations for assessing the quanti-tative and qualitative composition at anthropogenic impact on natural complexes surrounding urban areas. The main method of this research include a dialectical approach that focuses on generally accepted logi-cal research methods (analysis, systematic approach, generalization) and their synthesis using relevant in-formation materials. The author considered various methods of assessing the impact of various factors on the environment, and also carried out the examination of urban decisions related to the appointment of a category (status) the natural resources included in the urban environment in Moscow. The Russian capital is a European metropolis, the largest city-millionaire in Europe and a typical object of research to identify the effects of various anthropogenic factors. The implementation at economic activity in the metropolis is accompanied by the emergence of problems, the solution of which has not been found yet. Analysis of methods for assessing the impact at the various factors on the environment was carried out taking into account the provisions in regulatory documents governing the appointment for protected areas urban environment. Provisions of regulatory documents and decisions of executive authorities designed to use natural (forest) resources in urban environments. The absence of approved methods for assessing certain types of land plots with a protected status was identified. The main factors affecting the quality of biogeocenosis were identified. The main features of the applica-tion methods for assessing the status and possibility in recreational development in territories of varying de-grees at development are considered.

scholarly journals Estimation of Impact From Surface Runoff on Water Objects in Urban Landscape Conditions

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact

The quality of surface water remains an important issue today. This is particularly acute for water bodies located in the urban-basin geosystems. Purpose. To estimate pressure of atmospheric precipitation within the urban landscape basin geosystem on the river water (by example of the Kharkiv river). Methods. Field landscaping, ecological, landscape-geochemical; analytical; system analysis; chemical analytical; statistical Results. An assessment of the state of surface waters under the impact from the surface runoff of atmospheric origin during 2014-2016, and partly from 2017-2019, formed under the influence of the transport (partly residential) subsystem of the urban area and surface waters in Kharkiv. On the salt content, the characteristic of water quality is "moderately polluted" (1,6); on the tropho-saprobiological indicators, the quality of water is characterized as "polluted" (from 3.1 to 2.75 along the river). It is in this context the impact of waters, which is formed in the conditions of the urban environment for the quality of natural waters, is well demonstrated. The presence of high values of pollutants and natural factors. The assessment of the quality of water on the content of specific indicators is "moderately polluted" (from 2.28 to 1.85). Conclusions. The water of the Kharkiv region, which has a strong influence from the urban environment, has a grade III quality; the water is "moderately polluted". Environmental assessment indicates the impact of surface runoff already on the middle part of the river, which increases in accordance with the conditions of the operation of urban landscapes and anthropogenic (transport) load.

scholarly journals Joint inverse estimation of fossil fuel and biogenic CO2 fluxes in an urban environment: An observing system simulation experiment to assess the impact of multiple uncertainties

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wu ◽  
Thomas Lauvaux ◽  
Kenneth J. Davis ◽  
Aijun Deng ◽  
Israel Lopez Coto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
System Simulation ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
The Impact

The Indianapolis Flux Experiment aims to utilize a variety of atmospheric measurements and a high-resolution inversion system to estimate the temporal and spatial variation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions from an urban environment. We present a Bayesian inversion system solving for fossil fuel and biogenic CO2 fluxes over the city of Indianapolis, IN. Both components were described at 1 km resolution to represent point sources and fine-scale structures such as highways in the a priori fluxes. With a series of Observing System Simulation Experiments, we evaluate the sensitivity of inverse flux estimates to various measurement deployment strategies and errors. We also test the impacts of flux error structures, biogenic CO2 fluxes and atmospheric transport errors on estimating fossil fuel CO2 emissions and their uncertainties. The results indicate that high-accuracy and high-precision measurements produce significant improvement in fossil fuel CO2 flux estimates. Systematic measurement errors of 1 ppm produce significantly biased inverse solutions, degrading the accuracy of retrieved emissions by about 1 µmol m–2 s–1 compared to the spatially averaged anthropogenic CO2 emissions of 5 µmol m–2 s–1. The presence of biogenic CO2 fluxes (similar magnitude to the anthropogenic fluxes) limits our ability to correct for random and systematic emission errors. However, assimilating continuous fossil fuel CO2 measurements with 1 ppm random error in addition to total CO2 measurements can partially compensate for the interference from biogenic CO2 fluxes. Moreover, systematic and random flux errors can be further reduced by reducing model-data mismatch errors caused by atmospheric transport uncertainty. Finally, the precision of the inverse flux estimate is highly sensitive to the correlation length scale in the prior emission errors. This work suggests that improved fossil fuel CO2 measurement technology, and better understanding of both prior flux and atmospheric transport errors are essential to improve the accuracy and precision of high-resolution urban CO2 flux estimates.

scholarly journals First Evidence of Human's Influence on Climate of Prague and Brno

Geografie ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Jan Munzar
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The paper brings some new knowledge on air quality deterioration as a part of urban environment in Prague and Brno in the end of the 18th and in the 19th centuries. The impact of man-induced processes on the creation of specific features of urban climate is documented.

Care to Share?

2015 ◽  
pp. 222-244
Author(s):  
Paolo Santi ◽  
Carlo Ratti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Taxi Driver ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
The Impact

GPS technology has been extensively used to optimize operation of taxi systems since the first appearance of commercial GPS devices. Owing to this, data sets generated by taxi fleets are amongst the first and most representative examples of massive GPS data that have been systematically collected. The analysis of these data sets has recently generated a rich literature aimed at, among other things, identifying optimal taxi driver strategies, predicting taxi demand or location of vacant taxis, etc. This chapter focuses on what is a new, exciting field of investigation of GPS taxi data analysis, namely, evaluating the impact of a shared taxi system on the urban environment. After introducing the notion of (taxi) ride sharing, the chapter presents the relevant literature, describing in greater details a methodological approach called “shareability network” that allows formal characterization of taxi sharing opportunities in an urban environment.

scholarly journals The Importance of the Participatory Dimension in Urban Resilience Improvement Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria LopezDeAsiain ◽  
Vicente Díaz-García
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regeneration Processes

This article discusses the approach adopted by the researchers into citizen participation in urban regeneration actions and projects. It describes the concepts of sustainability and habitability in relation to the urban environment and architecture within the framework of improving the resilience of our cities through the circular economy and decarbonisation processes in architecture. The authors review the participatory dimension of different urban regeneration actions carried out in Spain and the impact of this dimension on the results obtained by environmental, economic and social urban improvements. They then define possible strategies and methodological tools for integrating this dimension into traditional urban regeneration processes. The article presents case studies and their specific characteristics, and draws conclusions about their effectiveness and relevance. It also compares citizen-led interventions with interventions led by public administrations. Lastly, the authors analyse the potential reasons for success in these processes and projects, identifying weaknesses and proposing possible strategies for future development by researchers.

scholarly journals Developing A Sustainable Urban-Environmental Quality Evaluation System in China Based on A Hybrid Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qigan Shao ◽  
Sung-Shun Weng ◽  
James J.H. Liou ◽  
Huai-Wei Lo ◽  
Hongbo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainability Policy ◽  
The Impact

In China, with the acceleration of urbanization, people pay more attention to the quality of urban environment. Air pollution, vegetation destruction, water waste and pollution, and waste sorting have restricted the sustainable development of urban environment. It is important to evaluate the impact of these environmental concerns as a prerequisite to implement an effective urban environmental sustainability policy. The aim of this paper is to establish a system for evaluating sustainable urban environmental quality in China. We extracted six dimensions and 29 criteria for assessing urban sustainable environment. Then, a fuzzy technique and the best worst method were applied to obtain the weights for the dimensions and criteria. Next, grey possibility values were applied to evaluate the sustainable environmental quality of five cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, and Hangzhou in China. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify how the ranking of these five cities changed when varying the weights of each criterion. The results show that pollution control, the natural environment, and water management are the three most important dimensions for urban environmental quality evaluation. We suggest that controlling pollutant emissions, strengthening food waste management, improving clean production processes, and utilizing heat energy are the effective measures to improve the urban environment and achieve sustainable urban environmental development.

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