Synergistic Induction of Bone Formation by Relatively Low Doses of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and -β3 in Binary Application with Recombinant Human Osteogenic Protein-1

2015 ◽  
pp. 138-163
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Synergistic Induction ◽  
Osteogenic Protein

Nasal administration of transforming growth factor-β1 induces dendritic cells and inhibits protracted-relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio Ishikawa ◽  
Yuxuen Jin ◽  
Hong Guo ◽  
Hans Link ◽  
Bao-Guo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Nasal Administration ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
T Cell Apoptosis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tgf Β1

Cytokines have a crucial role in initiation and perturbation of EAE that represents an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Administration of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) to EAE mice improves clinical EAE and prevents relapses by unknown mechanisms. Administering low doses of TGF-β1 nasally, we confirmed that TGF-β1 inhibited development and relapse of protracted-relapsing EAE (PR-EAE) in DA rats. Infiltration of CD4+ T-cells and macrophages within the central nervous system was clearly reduced, while proliferation and IFN-g secretion of mononuclear cells (MNC) was augmented in TGF-β1-treated EAE rats compared to PBS-treated control EAE rats. TGF-β1 administered nasally also increased nitric oxide production and CD4+ T cell apoptosis. TGF-β1 treated rats showed augmented proliferation of dendritic cells (DC) compared to MNC. These data imply that low doses of TGF-β1 given by the nasal route prevent PR-EAE and upregulate DC functions that may be involved for disease prevention.

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