37 Biochemical Markers of Regional Brain Injury in Preterm Babies with Perinatal Asphyxia

Melatonin may serve as a potential therapeutic free radical scavenger and broad-spectrum antioxidant. It shows neuroprotective properties against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in animal models. The authors review the studies focusing on the neuroprotective potential of melatonin and its possibility of treatment after perinatal asphyxia. Melatonin efficacy, low toxicity, and ability to readily cross through the blood-brain barrier make it a promising molecule. A very interesting thing is the difference between the half-life of melatonin in preterm neonates (15 hours) and adults (45-60 minutes). Probably, the use of synergic strategies—hypothermia coupled with melatonin treatment—may be promising in improving antioxidant action. The authors discuss and try to summarize the evidence surrounding the use of melatonin in hypoxic-ischemic events in term and preterm babies.

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Biochemical Markers of Brain Injury: An Integrated Proteomics-Based Approach

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e451452006-001 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Ronald L. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Brain Injury ◽

Biochemical Markers

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Biochemical Markers of Brain Injury: An Integrated Proteomics Based Approach

10.21236/ada425658 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Ronald L. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Brain Injury ◽

Biochemical Markers

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Abstract 36: Association of Parental Stroke with Cognitive and Brain MRI Measures in Offspring - The Framingham Heart Study

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.a36 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

GALIT WEINSTEIN ◽

Alexa Beiser ◽

Rhoda Au ◽

Charles DeCarli ◽

Philip A Wolf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Function ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Abstract Reasoning ◽

Parental History ◽

Brain Volumes ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

Objectives- Parental stroke is related to an increased risk of stroke among the offspring. Vascular related brain changes, however, often occur before clinical stroke and the association of parental history of stroke and structural brain measures and cognition has not been fully explored. We hypothesized that prospectively verified parental stroke will be associated with increased vascular brain injury and poorer cognitive performance. Methods- A total of 1,297 Framingham offspring (mean age: 61 ± 9 years, 54% women) were studied. Of these, 9.9% had prospectively identified stroke in one or both parents before age 65. Volumetric brain MRI measures of total cerebral brain volume (TCBV), regional brain volumes, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), and covert brain infarcts (CBI) and performance on tests of verbal memory, abstract reasoning, verbal learning and visuospatial memory (VRd) were compared for offspring with and without parental history of stroke. All measures were assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally (mean duration of follow-up was 6.1±1.2 years). We used models adjusted only for age, sex, education and also additionally adjusted for vascular risk factors and for WMHV as an index of subclinical vascular brain injury. GEE models were used to adjust for sibling relationships among offspring. Results- Higher WMHV (β±SE=0.17±0.08;p=0.027) and lower VRd scores (β±SE=-0.80±0.34; p=0.017) at baseline were found in offspring with parental history of stroke. In addition, participants with parental stroke by age 65 years were more likely to be in the highest quintile of increase in WMHV (OR=1.87;p=0.04) as well as worsening executive function (Trails B-A) (OR:1.81;p=0.03). Parental stroke was not associated with total and regional brain volumes or with memory, abstract reasoning and verbal learning. Conclusions- In our community-based sample of middle-aged asymptomatic subjects, the occurrence of parental stroke by age 65 years is associated with higher baseline WMHV and with a more rapid increase in WMHV. Further, parental stroke is also associated with poorer performance on VRd and a decline in executive function. The effects on baseline WMH and VRd were substantial equivalent to 2.8 and 7 years of brain aging, respectively.

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Correlation between echocardiographic findings and biochemical markers in term newborns with moderate to severe perinatal asphyxia

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs210121012v ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-12

Author(s):

Milena Vasiljevic ◽

Dejan Nesic ◽

Stasa Krasic ◽

Sanja Ninic ◽

Sergej Prijic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Serum Lactate ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Echocardiographic Parameters ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Echocardiographic Findings

Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a condition characterized by a gas exchange disorder due to a lack of blood flow or gas exchange, with potential multiorgan dysfunction. Our study aimed to determine the correlation between biochemical markers and echocardiography findings in a group of asphyxiated newborns. The prospective cohort study included 120 neonates (52/120 with PA) treated at a tertial referral pediatric center, from 2012 to 2014. A moderate-strong positive correlation was recorded between the transtricuspid pressure gradient (TRPG) and serum lactate, and between TRPG and NT-proBNP in the PA group (P<0.001) on the 1st day of life. A moderate positive correlation was found between NT-proBNP, lactate and troponins on one side, and TRPG on the other in the PA group after the 2nd measurement. Multinomial regression analysis showed that the lactate level was an independent factor for survival on the 1st (odds ratio (OR) 41.3, 95%confidence interval (CI) 2.14-797.1) and 3rd (OR 136.4, 95% CI 2.27-8206.7) days. Our research confirmed a significant correlation between echocardiographic and biochemical parameters of the myocardial lesion and cardiac function. Due to their complementarity, the use of the biochemical and echocardiographic parameters may be conditioned by their availability.

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Interleukins in diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia: A systematic review

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v17i5.4598 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hassan Boskabadi ◽

Ali Moradi ◽

Maryam Zakerihamidi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Cochrane Library

Background: Biochemical markers including interleukins (ILs) has been proposed for early diagnosis of asphyxia. Objective: This study has aimed to systematically review the significance of IL measurements in the diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases before 2017 were searched for the following keywords: asphyxia, neonatal, interleukin, and diagnosis. A total of 13 out of 300 searched papers were finally selected for evaluation. Interleukins under study were IL6 and interleukin 1

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Nanotherapeutic modulation of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in acute brain injury

Nanobiomedicine ◽

10.1177/1849543520970819 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 184954352097081

Author(s):

Rick Liao ◽

Thomas R Wood ◽

Elizabeth Nance

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Calcium Influx ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Global Brain Ischemia ◽

Excitatory Neurotransmitters ◽

Disease Site ◽

The Right ◽

Global Brain

Excitotoxicity is a primary pathological process that occurs during stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and global brain ischemia such as perinatal asphyxia. Excitotoxicity is triggered by an overabundance of excitatory neurotransmitters within the synapse, causing a detrimental cascade of excessive sodium and calcium influx, generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial damage, and ultimately cell death. There are multiple potential points of intervention to combat excitotoxicity and downstream oxidative stress, yet there are currently no therapeutics clinically approved for this specific purpose. For a therapeutic to be effective against excitotoxicity, the therapeutic must accumulate at the disease site at the appropriate concentration at the right time. Nanotechnology can provide benefits for therapeutic delivery, including overcoming physiological obstacles such as the blood–brain barrier, protect cargo from degradation, and provide controlled release of a drug. This review evaluates the use of nano-based therapeutics to combat excitotoxicity in stroke, TBI, and hypoxia–ischemia with an emphasis on mitigating oxidative stress, and consideration of the path forward toward clinical translation.

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