Comparison of leptin levels, body composition and insulin sensitivity and secretion by OGTT in healthy, early pubertal girls born at either appropriate- or small-for-gestational age

2007 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 070630051835002-???
Author(s):  
A. Martínez-Aguayo ◽  
T. Capurro ◽  
V. Peña ◽  
G. Iñiguez ◽  
M. I. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age

Serum leptin in formerly small-for-gestational-age children during adolescence: Relationship to gender, puberty, body composition, insulin sensitivity, creatinine, and serum uric acid

Metabolism ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Pulzer ◽  
Ute Haase ◽  
Matthias Kn[uuml ]pfer ◽  
J[uuml ]rgen Kratzsch ◽  
Volker Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Leptin

scholarly journals Premature small for gestational age infants fed an exclusive human milk-based diet achieve catch-up growth without metabolic consequences at 2 years of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. F242-F247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonnikant Visuthranukul ◽  
Steven A Abrams ◽  
Keli M Hawthorne ◽  
Joseph L Hagan ◽  
Amy B Hair
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Catch Up

ObjectiveTo compare postdischarge growth, adiposity and metabolic outcomes of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) versus small for gestational age (SGA) premature infants fed an exclusive human milk (HM)-based diet in the neonatal intensive care unit.DesignPremature infants (birth weight ≤1250 g) fed an exclusive HM-based diet were examined at 12–15 months corrected gestational age (CGA) (visit 1) for anthropometrics, serum glucose and non-fasting insulin, and at 18–22 months CGA (visit 2) for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsOf 51 children, 33 were AGA and 18 were SGA at birth. The SGA group had weight gain (g/day) equal to AGA group during the follow-up period. SGA had a significantly greater body mass index (BMI) z-score gain from visit 1 to visit 2 (0.25±1.10 vs −0.21±0.84, p=0.02) reflecting catch-up growth. There were no significant differences in total fat mass (FM) and trunk FM between groups. SGA had significantly lower insulin level (5.0±3.7 vs 17.3±15.1 µU/mL, p=0.02) and homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (1.1±0.9 vs 4.3±4.1, p=0.02). Although regional trunk FM correlated with insulin levels in SGA (r=0.893, p=0.04), they had lower insulin level compared with AGA and no difference in adiposity.ConclusionsSGA premature infants who received an exclusive HM-based diet exhibited greater catch-up growth without increased adiposity or elevated insulin resistance compared with AGA at 2 years of age. An exclusive HM-based diet may improve long-term body composition and metabolic outcomes of premature infants with ≤1250 g birth weight, specifically SGA.

Catch-Up Growth in Children Born Small for Gestational Age Related to Body Composition and Metabolic Risk at Six Years of Age in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
M. Loredana Marcovecchio ◽  
Samantha Gorman ◽  
Laura P.E. Watson ◽  
David B. Dunger ◽  
Kathryn Beardsall
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Differential DNA methylation profile in infants born small-for-gestational-age: association with markers of adiposity and insulin resistance from birth to age 24 months

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001402
Author(s):  
Marta Diaz ◽  
Edurne Garde ◽  
Abel Lopez-Bermejo ◽  
Francis de Zegher ◽  
Lourdes Ibañez
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Methylation Profiling

IntroductionPrenatal growth restraint followed by rapid postnatal weight gain increases lifelong diabetes risk. Epigenetic dysregulation in critical windows could exert long-term effects on metabolism and confer such risk.Research design and methodsWe conducted a genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in peripheral blood from infants born appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA, n=30) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA, n=21, with postnatal catch-up) at age 12 months, to identify new genes that may predispose to metabolic dysfunction. Candidate genes were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing in the entire cohort. All infants were followed since birth; cord blood methylation profiling was previously reported. Endocrine-metabolic variables and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were assessed at birth and at 12 and 24 months.ResultsGPR120 (cg14582356, cg01272400, cg23654127, cg03629447), NKX6.1 (cg22598426, cg07688460, cg17444738, cg12076463, cg10457539), CPT1A (cg14073497, cg00941258, cg12778395) and IGFBP 4 (cg15471812) genes were hypermethylated (GPR120, NKX6.1 were also hypermethylated in cord blood), whereas CHGA (cg13332653, cg15480367, cg05700406), FABP5 (cg00696973, cg10563714, cg16128701), CTRP1 (cg19231170, cg19472078, cg0164309, cg07162665, cg17758081, cg18996910, cg06709009), GAS6 (N/A), ONECUT1 (cg14217069, cg02061705, cg26158897, cg06657050, cg15446043) and SLC2A8 (cg20758474, cg19021975, cg11312566, cg12281690, cg04016166, cg03804985) genes were hypomethylated in SGA infants. These genes were related to β-cell development and function, inflammation, and glucose and lipid metabolism and associated with body mass index, body composition, and markers of insulin resistance at 12 and 24 months.ConclusionIn conclusion, at 12 months, abnormal methylation of GPR120 and NKX6.1 persists and new epigenetic marks further involved in adipogenesis and energy homeostasis arise in SGA infants. These abnormalities may contribute to metabolic dysfunction and diabetes risk later in life.

Reduced insulin sensitivity during growth hormone therapy for short children born small for gestational age

2003 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne S. Cutfield ◽  
Wendy E. Jackson ◽  
Craig Jefferies ◽  
Elizabeth M. Robinson ◽  
Bernhard H. Breier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Hormone Therapy ◽  
Short Children
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