The Relationship of CSF and Plasma Cytokine Levels to Cerebral White Matter Injury in the Premature Newborn

The ability of diffusion tensor MRI to detect the preferential diffusion of water in cerebral white matter tracts enables neurosurgeons to noninvasively visualize the relationship of lesions to functional neural pathways. Although viewed as a research tool in its infancy, diffusion tractography has evolved into a neurosurgical tool with applications in glioma surgery that are enhanced by evolutions in crossing fiber visualization, edema correction, and automated tract identification. In this paper the current literature supporting the use of tractography in brain tumor surgery is summarized, highlighting important clinical studies on the application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for preoperative planning of glioma resection, and risk assessment to analyze postoperative outcomes. The key methods of tractography in current practice and crucial white matter fiber bundles are summarized. After a review of the physical basis of DTI and post-DTI tractography, the authors discuss the methodologies with which to adapt DT image processing for surgical planning, as well as the potential of connectomic imaging to facilitate a network approach to oncofunctional optimization in glioma surgery.

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369 THE RELATIONSHIP OF PAIN SEVERITY TO CEREBRAL WHITE MATTER ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY SJOGREN'S SYNDROME

European Journal of Pain Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1754-3207(10)70374-6 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (S1) ◽

pp. 105-105

Author(s):

B. Segal ◽

B. Mueller ◽

K. Lim

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Sjogren's Syndrome ◽

Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽

Pain Severity ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽

Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽

White Matter Abnormalities ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship of CSF and Plasma Cytokine Levels in HIV Infected Patients with Neurocognitive Impairment

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/506872 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Lin Yuan ◽

An Liu ◽

Luxin Qiao ◽

Bo Sheng ◽

Meng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Neurocognitive Impairment ◽

Plasma Samples ◽

Plasma Cytokine ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Cognition Impairment ◽

The Relationship

Although HAD is now rare due to HAART, the milder forms of HAND persist in HIV-infected patients. HIV-induced systemic and localized inflammation is considered to be one of the mechanisms of HAND. The levels of cytokines in CSF were associated with neurocognitive impairment in HIV infection. However, the changes of cytokines involved in cognition impairment in plasma have not been shown, and their relationships between CSF and plasma require to be addressed. We compared cytokine levels in paired CSF and plasma samples from HIV-infected individuals with or without neurocognitive impairment. Cytokine concentrations were measured by Luminex xMAP. In comparing the expression levels of cytokines in plasma and CSF, IFN-α2, IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1 were significantly higher in CSF. Eotaxin was significantly higher in plasma, whereas G-CSF showed no difference between plasma and CSF. G-CSF(P=0.0079), IL-8(P=0.0223), IP-10(P=0.0109), and MCP-1(P=0.0497)in CSF showed significant difference between HIV-CI and HIV-NC group, which may indicate their relationship to HIV associated neurocognitive impairment. In addition, G-CSF(P=0.0191)and IP-10(P=0.0377)in plasma were significantly higher in HIV-CI than HIV-NC. The consistent changes of G-CSF and IP-10 in paired plasma and CSF samples might enhance their potential for predicting HAND.

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White matter correlates of hemi-face dominance in happy and sad expression

10.1101/232926 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefano Ioannucci ◽

Nathalie George ◽

Patrick Friedrich ◽

Leonardo Cerliani ◽

Michel Thiebaut de Schotten

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Emotional Expression ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

List Type ◽

Brain Hemispheres ◽

Neural Underpinnings ◽

Human Participants ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThe neural underpinnings of human emotional expression are thought to be unevenly distributed among the two brain hemispheres. However, little is known on the anatomy supporting this claim, particularly in the cerebral white matter. Here, we explored the relationship between hemi-face dominance in emotional expression and cerebral white matter asymmetries in 33 healthy participants. Measures of emotional expression were derived from pictures of the participant’s faces in a ‘happy smiling’ and a ‘sad frowning’ conditions. Chimeric faces were constructed by mirroring right and left hemi-faces, as done in previous studies, resulting in a left mirrored and right mirrored chimeric face per picture. To gain measures of hemi-face dominance per participant, a jury of 20 additional participants rated which chimeric face shows higher intensity of emotional expressivity, by marking a 155mm line between the two versions. Measures of the asymmetry of the uncinate, the cingulum and the three branches of superior longitudinal fasciculi were derived from diffusion weighted imaging tractography dissections. Group effect analyses indicated that the degree of asymmetry in emotional expression was not as prominent as reported in the literature and showed a large inter-individual variability. The degree of asymmetry in emotional expression was, however, significantly associated with the asymmetries in connective properties of the fronto-temporal and fronto-parietal tracts, specifically the uncinate fasciculus and the first branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Therefore, this result raises novel hypotheses on the relationship of specific white matter tracts and emotional expression, especially their role in mood disorders.Ethical statementNone of the authors have a conflict of interestData collection from human participants was approved by the Comité de Protection des Personnes “CPP Ile de France V”All participants provided written informed consentFunding from ERC (grant agreement No. 818521) and “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” [grants numbers ANR-13-JSV4-0001-01 an ANR-10-IAIHU-06]

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