scholarly journals Tractography and the connectome in neurosurgical treatment of gliomas: the premise, the progress, and the potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. E6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fraser Henderson ◽  
Kalil G. Abdullah ◽  
Ragini Verma ◽  
Steven Brem
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Preferential Diffusion ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment ◽  
Glioma Resection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The ability of diffusion tensor MRI to detect the preferential diffusion of water in cerebral white matter tracts enables neurosurgeons to noninvasively visualize the relationship of lesions to functional neural pathways. Although viewed as a research tool in its infancy, diffusion tractography has evolved into a neurosurgical tool with applications in glioma surgery that are enhanced by evolutions in crossing fiber visualization, edema correction, and automated tract identification. In this paper the current literature supporting the use of tractography in brain tumor surgery is summarized, highlighting important clinical studies on the application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for preoperative planning of glioma resection, and risk assessment to analyze postoperative outcomes. The key methods of tractography in current practice and crucial white matter fiber bundles are summarized. After a review of the physical basis of DTI and post-DTI tractography, the authors discuss the methodologies with which to adapt DT image processing for surgical planning, as well as the potential of connectomic imaging to facilitate a network approach to oncofunctional optimization in glioma surgery.

scholarly journals White matter correlates of hemi-face dominance in happy and sad expression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Ioannucci ◽  
Nathalie George ◽  
Patrick Friedrich ◽  
Leonardo Cerliani ◽  
Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
List Type ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe neural underpinnings of human emotional expression are thought to be unevenly distributed among the two brain hemispheres. However, little is known on the anatomy supporting this claim, particularly in the cerebral white matter. Here, we explored the relationship between hemi-face dominance in emotional expression and cerebral white matter asymmetries in 33 healthy participants. Measures of emotional expression were derived from pictures of the participant’s faces in a ‘happy smiling’ and a ‘sad frowning’ conditions. Chimeric faces were constructed by mirroring right and left hemi-faces, as done in previous studies, resulting in a left mirrored and right mirrored chimeric face per picture. To gain measures of hemi-face dominance per participant, a jury of 20 additional participants rated which chimeric face shows higher intensity of emotional expressivity, by marking a 155mm line between the two versions. Measures of the asymmetry of the uncinate, the cingulum and the three branches of superior longitudinal fasciculi were derived from diffusion weighted imaging tractography dissections. Group effect analyses indicated that the degree of asymmetry in emotional expression was not as prominent as reported in the literature and showed a large inter-individual variability. The degree of asymmetry in emotional expression was, however, significantly associated with the asymmetries in connective properties of the fronto-temporal and fronto-parietal tracts, specifically the uncinate fasciculus and the first branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Therefore, this result raises novel hypotheses on the relationship of specific white matter tracts and emotional expression, especially their role in mood disorders.Ethical statementNone of the authors have a conflict of interestData collection from human participants was approved by the Comité de Protection des Personnes “CPP Ile de France V”All participants provided written informed consentFunding from ERC (grant agreement No. 818521) and “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” [grants numbers ANR-13-JSV4-0001-01 an ANR-10-IAIHU-06]

scholarly journals The Relationship of CSF and Plasma Cytokine Levels to Cerebral White Matter Injury in the Premature Newborn

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa J Ellison ◽  
Tessa J Mocatta ◽  
Christine C Winterbourn ◽  
Brian A Darlow ◽  
Joseph J Volpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Plasma Cytokine ◽  
Premature Newborn ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Tractography Alterations in the Arcuate and Uncinate Fasciculi in Post-Stroke Aphasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Sara Kierońska ◽  
Milena Świtońska ◽  
Grzegorz Meder ◽  
Magdalena Piotrowska ◽  
Paweł Sokal
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Arcuate Fasciculus ◽  
Fiber Tractography ◽  
Post Stroke

Fiber tractography based on diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal three-dimensional white matter connectivity of the human brain. Tractography is a non-invasive method of visualizing cerebral white matter structures in vivo, including neural pathways surrounding the ischemic area. DTI may be useful for elucidating alterations in brain connectivity resulting from neuroplasticity after stroke. We present a case of a male patient who developed significant mixed aphasia following ischemic stroke. The patient had been treated by mechanical thrombectomy followed by an early rehabilitation, in conjunction with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). DTI was used to examine the arcuate fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus upon admission and again at three months post-stroke. Results showed an improvement in the patient’s symptoms of aphasia, which was associated with changes in the volume and numbers of tracts in the uncinate fasciculus and the arcuate fasciculus.

scholarly journals Blood-based bioenergetic profiling is related to differences in brain morphology in African Americans with Type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (23) ◽  
pp. 2509-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gargi Mahapatra ◽  
S. Carrie Smith ◽  
Timothy M. Hughes ◽  
Benjamin Wagner ◽  
Joseph A. Maldjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
White Matter ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Blood-based bioenergetic profiling has promising applications as a minimally invasive biomarker of systemic bioenergetic capacity. In the present study, we examined peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) mitochondrial function and brain morphology in a cohort of African Americans with long-standing Type 2 diabetes. Key parameters of PBMC respiration were correlated with white matter, gray matter, and total intracranial volumes. Our analyses indicate that these relationships are primarily driven by the relationship of systemic bioenergetic capacity with total intracranial volume, suggesting that systemic differences in mitochondrial function may play a role in overall brain morphology.

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