Participation of Serotonin in the Phasic Release of Luteinizing Hormone. II. Effects of Lesions of Serotonin- Containing Pathways in the Central Nervous System

Endocrinology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HERY ◽  
E. LAPLANTE ◽  
C. KORDON
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Phasic Release

Characterization of placental luteinizing hormone-relasing factor-like material

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jau-Nan Lee ◽  
Markku Seppälä ◽  
Tim Chard
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inhibition Curve

Abstract. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radioimmunoassay were employed to characterize luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF)-like material in the human placenta. Methanol extracts of the placenta were washed with acetic acid and chloroform, further purified on coarse octadecylsilane columns, fractionated on HPLC, and tested by radioimmunoassay. In HPLC, placental LRF had the same retention time as synthetic LRF, and such fractions gave an inhibition curve which was parallel to that of synthetic LRF in radioimmunoassav. It is concluded that human placental I.RF is similar or identical to LRF in the central nervous system.

PARADOXICAL EFFECTS OF DRUGS ACTING ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ON THE PREOVULATORY RELEASE OF PITUITARY LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN PRO-OESTROUS RATS

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. BLAKE
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lh Rh

There are many drugs which act on the central nervous system to block the spontaneous, preovulatory surge of LH in the plasma of the rat when administered just before the start of the LH surge at pro-oestrus. Several of these drugs have been tested for their ability to inhibit LH release after the start of the LH surge. Four day cyclic rats were each fitted with an indwelling right atrial cannula during the morning of pro-oestrus. Serial blood samples were collected through the cannula during the afternoon of pro-oestrus, starting at a time when the level of LH in the plasma was expected to be raised. Drugs were then administered at doses known to block the surge of LH. Additional blood samples were collected and subsequently the plasma concentration of LH was measured by radioimmunoassay. In rats with a raised level of LH, i.p. injection of phenobarbitone or pentobarbitone, s.c. injection of atropine or i.v. injection of ethanol caused the concentration of LH to fall rapidly starting within 15 min after the injection. The mean half-lives for the disappearance of LH from plasma ranged from 23·5 to 28·6 min over a 30 min period. In contrast, s.c. injection of nicotine, i.p. injection of urethane or continuous exposure to ether fumes resulted in a biphasic effect on the concentration of LH in the plasma. The value rose rapidly, reached a peak within 5–20 min and declined rapidly (range of mean half-lives 25·3– 28·6 min). Nicotine, urethane and ether caused a small, transient increase in the plasma level of LH when administered before the start of the spontaneous surge of LH. These results and the fact that luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) is far more effective at raising the concentration of LH in the plasma when given after the start of the LH surge than just before it, suggest that LH-RH must prime the pituitary gland before nicotine, urethane or ether can cause a substantial increase in the plasma level of LH in pro-oestrous rats.

ON DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PREOVULATORY LUTEINIZING HORMONE SURGES OF 4- AND 5-DAY CYCLIC RATS

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. SCHUILING ◽  
J. DE KONING ◽  
A. F. ZÜRCHER
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Maximal Peak ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Cycles

SUMMARY Preovulatory LH surges were studied in rats with ovarian cycles of 4 days (4d-rats) and 5 days (5d-rats). In 5d-rats the maximal peak height was about twice that observed in 4d-rats, whereas in 4d-rats peaks occurred about 1·5 h later than in 5d-rats and were much less consistently timed. From experiments in which LH releasing hormone (LH-RH) was infused into pentobarbitone-blocked pro-oestrous rats, it was concluded that (a) differences between the two types of preovulatory LH surges originate within the central nervous system, and (b) prooestrous LH-RH secretion may not be restricted to the period in which increased LH levels in blood were found, but may exceed this period for a considerable time.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

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