scholarly journals Metabolic profiling of alcohol consumption in 9778 young adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Würtz ◽  
Sarah Cook ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Mika Tiainen ◽  
Tuulia Tynkkynen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Signature ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Background: High alcohol consumption is a major cause of morbidity, yet alcohol is associated with both favourable and adverse effects on cardiometabolic risk markers. We aimed to characterize the associations of usual alcohol consumption with a comprehensive systemic metabolite profile in young adults. Methods: Cross-sectional associations of alcohol intake with 86 metabolic measures were assessed for 9778 individuals from three population-based cohorts from Finland (age 24 45 years, 52% women). Metabolic changes associated with change in alcohol intake during 6-year follow-up were further examined for 1466 individuals. Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires. Circulating lipids, fatty acids and metabolites were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and biochemical assays. Results: Increased alcohol intake was associated with cardiometabolic risk markers across multiple metabolic pathways, including higher lipid concentrations in HDL subclasses and smaller LDL particle size, increased proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and decreased proportion of omega-6 fatty acids, lower concentrations of glutamine and citrate (P<0.001 for 56 metabolic measures). Many metabolic biomarkers displayed U-shaped associations with alcohol consumption. Results were coherent for men and women, consistent across the three cohorts, and similar if adjusting for body mass index, smoking and physical activity. The metabolic changes accompanying change in alcohol intake during follow-up resembled the cross-sectional association pattern (R2=0.83, slope=0.72±0.04). Conclusions: Alcohol consumption is associated with a complex metabolic signature, including aberrations in multiple biomarkers for elevated cardiometabolic risk. The metabolic signature tracks with long-term changes in alcohol consumption. These results elucidate the double-edged effects of alcohol on cardiovascular risk.

Associations of Vigorous Gardening With Cardiometabolic Risk Markers for Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kingsley ◽  
Nyssa Hadgraft ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
David W. Dunstan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

This study investigates the associations of vigorous-intensity gardening time with cardiometabolic health risk markers. This cross-sectional study (AusDiab) analyzed 2011–2012 data of 3,664 adults (55% women, mean [range], age = 59.3 [34–94] years) in Australia. Multiple linear regression models examined associations of time spent participating in vigorous gardening (0, <150 min/week, ≥150 min/week) with a clustered cardiometabolic risk (CMR) score and its components, for the whole sample and stratified by age and gender. Of participants, 61% did no vigorous gardening, 23% reported <150 min/week, and 16% reported ≥150 min/week. In the whole sample, spending ≥150 min/week in vigorous gardening was associated with lower CMR (lower CMR score, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides) compared with no vigorous gardening. Stratified analyses suggested that these associations were almost exclusively observed for older adults and women. These findings suggest the public health potential of vigorous-intensity gardening in reducing CMR.

Ruminant and industrial trans-fatty acids consumption and cardiometabolic risk markers: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bárbara Júlia Fonseca Verneque ◽  
Adriane Moreira Machado ◽  
Luciana de Abreu Silva ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza Lopes ◽  
Camila Kümmel Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

scholarly journals Contributions of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Visceral Adiposity to Six-Year Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Apparently Healthy Men and Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1462-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Rhéaume ◽  
Benoit J. Arsenault ◽  
Marie-Pierre Dumas ◽  
Louis Pérusse ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Context: Both excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels are associated with a deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the respective contributions of changes in VAT accumulation vs. changes in CRF to 6-yr longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic risk markers. Design, Settings, and Participants: We conducted a prospective, population-based study with an average follow-up of 5.9 ± 0.8 yr. We followed 132 middle-aged participants from the Quebec Family Study (mean age, 35.3 ± 13.9 yr). VAT was measured by computed tomography, whereas the level of CRF was assessed by a submaximal physical working capacity test at baseline and at follow-up. A complete cardiometabolic risk profile, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, C-reactive protein (n = 72), as well as a standard lipoprotein-lipid profile, was obtained at baseline and at follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: We measured changes in CRF, VAT, and cardiometabolic risk profile over 6 yr. Results: After adjusting for age and sex, 6-yr changes in VAT were negatively correlated with changes in CRF (r = −0.38; P &lt; 0.001). In a multivariate model that included age, sex, changes in VAT, changes in CRF, as well as baseline levels of the above cardiometabolic risk factors, 6-yr changes in VAT were the most important predictor of the change in the metabolic syndrome score (R2 = 13.2%; P &lt; 0.001). Adding 6-yr changes in CRF levels significantly improved the predictability of the model (R2 = 19.7%; P = 0.002). Conclusions: Changes in both VAT and CRF levels observed over 6 yr are associated with changes in parameters of the lipoprotein-lipid profile, glucose-insulin homeostasis, and inflammatory markers. Thus, maintaining a low level of VAT and a high level of CRF are important targets for maintenance of cardiometabolic health.

Antioxidant biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk markers in an Aboriginal community in remote Australia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lenette Knudsen ◽  
Jasmine G Lyons ◽  
Kerin O’Dea ◽  
Dirk L Christensen ◽  
Julie K Brimblecombe
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Abstract Objective: High-quality diets, characterised by nutrient-rich foods, are one of the foundations for health and well-being. Indicators of diet quality, antioxidants, are associated with protection against cardiometabolic diseases. The current study explores relationships between plasma antioxidants and cardiometabolic risk among Aboriginal people in Australia. Design: As part of a community-driven health promotion programme, we conducted a cross-sectional study including a health-behaviour questionnaire, plasma antioxidants and cardiometabolic risk markers (anthropometric, blood pressure measurements, fasting glucose, glycated Hb (HbA1c), lipids, C-reactive protein and albumin-creatinine-ratio) continuous and categorised into population-specific cut-offs. Antioxidants (β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein-zeaxanthin, retinol and α-tocopherol measured using HPLC) were applied to a principal component analysis, which aggregated these into a single component. Linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between the antioxidant component and cardiometabolic risk markers. Setting: Community in a remote area in Northern Territory, Australia. Participants: A total of 324 Aboriginal people, mean age 35·5 (range 15–75) years. Results: Antioxidant component levels were higher among individuals with higher self-reported vegetable intake (P < 0·01), higher among individuals with higher self-reported fruit intake (P = 0·05) and lower among current smokers (P = 0·06). Linear regression revealed an inverse association between the antioxidant component and C-reactive protein (β = –0·01, P < 0·01) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: Higher plasma antioxidant levels, indicators of diet quality, were associated with lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in this Aboriginal population in remote Australia. This association suggests plasma antioxidants may be protective against inflammation; however, longitudinal studies are needed to examine this potentially protective relationship.

scholarly journals Serum urate and its relationship with alcoholic beverage intake in men and women: findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1965-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo L Gaffo ◽  
Jeffrey M Roseman ◽  
David R Jacobs ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
James M Shikany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Alcohol

ObjectiveTo investigate if beer, liquor (spirits), wine and total alcohol intakes have different associations with serum urate (SU) concentrations at different ages in a cohort of young men and women.MethodsData from 3123 participants at baseline and follow-up at 20 years were used, with balanced proportions of Caucasians and African Americans. The relationships of SU with categories of beer, liquor, wine and total alcohol intake referent to no intake were examined in sex-specific, cross-sectional analyses.ResultsMean age (SD) at the beginning of follow-up was 25.1 (3.6) years. Compared with non-drinkers, significant associations between higher SU concentrations and greater beer intake were observed among men and women, with more pronounced and consistent associations for women. An association between greater liquor intake and higher SU concentrations was only seen for men at the year 20 evaluation. Wine intake was not associated with SU in either sex and total alcohol was associated with higher SU concentrations in both men and women. The magnitude of the associations between alcoholic beverages intake and SU was modest (≤0.03 mg/dl/alcoholic beverage serving).ConclusionAn association between higher SU concentrations and greater beer intake was consistent and pronounced among women, but also present in men. Despite the small magnitude of the increases in SU associated with alcohol intake, clinical implications in conditions such as cardiovascular disease and gout in young adults who are moderate and heavy drinkers cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals A Whole-Diet Approach Affects Not Only Fasting but Also Postprandial Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (11) ◽  
pp. 2942-2949
Author(s):  
Eva Fechner ◽  
Lena Bilet ◽  
Harry P F Peters ◽  
Patrick Schrauwen ◽  
Ronald P Mensink
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Apolipoprotein B48 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

ABSTRACT Background Current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention focus more on dietary patterns than on single nutrients. However, randomized controlled trials using whole-diet approaches to study effects on both fasting and postprandial CVD risk markers are limited. Objective This randomized parallel trial compared the effects of a healthy diet (HD) with those of a typical Western diet (WD) on fasting and postprandial CVD risk markers in overweight and obese adults. Methods After a 2-wk run-in period, 40 men and women (50–70 y; BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) consumed the HD (high in fruit and vegetables, pulses, fibers, nuts, fatty fish, polyunsaturated fatty acids; low in salt and high-glycemic carbohydrates; n = 19) or the WD (less fruit, vegetables, and fibers; no nuts and fatty fish; and more saturated fatty acids and simple carbohydrates; n = 21) for 6 wk. Fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers were assessed as secondary outcome parameters during a 5-h mixed-meal challenge, and a per protocol analysis was performed using 1-factor ANCOVA or linear mixed models. Results Differences in diet-induced changes are expressed relative to the HD group. Changes in fasting plasma total cholesterol (–0.57 ± 0.12 mmol/L, P &lt; 0.001), LDL cholesterol (–0.41 ± 0.12 mmol/L, P &lt; 0.01), apolipoprotein B100 (–0.09 ± 0.03 g/L, P &lt; 0.01), and apolipoprotein A1 (–0.06 ± 0.03 g/L, P = 0.05) were significantly different between the diet groups. Changes in postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (diet × time, P &lt; 0.001) and apolipoprotein B48 (P &lt; 0.01) differed significantly between the groups with clear improvements on the HD, although fasting triacylglycerols (–0.24 ± 0.13 mmol/L, P = 0.06) and apolipoprotein B48 (1.04 ± 0.67 mg/L, P = 0.40) did not. Significant differences between the diets were also detected in fasting systolic (–6.9 ± 3.1 mmHg, P &lt; 0.05) and 24-h systolic (–5.0 ± 1.7 mmHg, P &lt; 0.01) and diastolic (–3.3 ± 1.1 mmHg, P &lt; 0.01) blood pressure. Conclusion A whole-diet approach targeted multiple fasting and postprandial CVD risk markers in overweight and obese adults. In fact, the postprandial measurements provided important additional information to estimate CVD risk. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02519127.

scholarly journals Subjective social status and cardiometabolic risk markers in young adults

2022 ◽  
pp. 105666
Author(s):  
Mia Klinkvort Kempel ◽  
Trine Nøhr Winding ◽  
Morten Böttcher ◽  
Johan Hviid Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers
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