scholarly journals Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels Lower ABCA1 Cholesterol Efflux Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4793-4803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagai Tavori ◽  
Alexandra M Fenton ◽  
Deanna L Plubell ◽  
Sara Rosario ◽  
Elisabeth Yerkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity ◽  
Culture Models

Abstract Context Elevated serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages may be an antiatherogenic process. Plasminogen (PLG) is a driver of ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux, and its action is inhibited by purified human Lp(a). Objective To determine the effects of Lp(a) in human serum on ABCA1 cholesterol efflux. Methods Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) was measured with two different cell-culture models using serum from 76 patients with either low (<50 mg/dL) or high (>50 mg/dL) Lp(a) levels. Results Using cAMP-stimulated J774 macrophages or baby hamster kidney fibroblasts overexpressing human ABCA1, we show that CEC was lower in patients with high Lp(a) levels compared with patients with low levels (−30.6%, P = 0.002 vs −24.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). Total-serum CEC negatively correlated with Lp(a) levels (r = −0.433, P = 0.0007 vs r = −0.505, P = 0.0011, respectively). These negative associations persisted after adjusting for serum cholesterol, age, sex, and statin use in a multiple linear regression model (adjusted R2 = 0.413 or 0.405, respectively) and were strengthened when further adjusting for the interaction between Lp(a) and PLG levels (adjusted R2 = 0.465 and 0.409, respectively). Total-serum and isolated Lp(a) from patients with high Lp(a) inhibited PLG-mediated ABCA1 cholesterol efflux. Conclusion Total-serum CEC is reduced in patients with high Lp(a) levels. This is in part due to the inhibition of PLG-mediated ABCA1 cholesterol efflux by Lp(a). Our findings suggest an atherogenic role for Lp(a) through its ability to inhibit CEC.

scholarly journals Improvements in cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL and adiponectin contribute to mitigation in cardiovascular disease risk after bariatric surgery in a cohort with morbid obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himani Thakkar ◽  
Vinnyfred Vincent ◽  
Sakshi Sukhla ◽  
Manraj Sra ◽  
Uma Kanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Inflammatory Status

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery can alleviate cardiovascular risk via effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Our study aimed to assess the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL as a negative risk factor for CVD in individuals with obesity and identify the factors associated with improvement in CEC 3 months following bariatric surgery. Methods We recruited 40 control individuals (mean BMI of 22.2 kg/m2) and 56 obese individuals (mean BMI of 45.9 kg/m2). The biochemical parameters, inflammatory status and CEC of HDL was measured for the obese individuals before bariatric surgery and at 3 months after surgery. The CEC was measured using a cell-based cholesterol efflux system of BODIPY-cholesterol-labelled THP-1 macrophages. Results A significant reduction in BMI (− 17%, p < 0.001), resolution of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-IR = − 23.4%, p = 0.002; Adipo IR = − 16%, p = 0.009) and inflammation [log resistin = − 6%, p = 0.07] were observed 3 months post-surgery. CEC significantly improved 3 months after surgery [Pre: 0.91 ± 0.13; Post: 1.02 ± 0.16; p = 0.001] despite a decrease in HDL-C levels. The change in CEC correlated with the change in apo A-I (r = 0.39, p = 0.02) and adiponectin levels (r = 0.35, p = 0.03). Conclusion The results suggest that improvements in CEC, through improvement in adipose tissue health in terms of adipokine secretion and insulin sensitivity could be an important pathway in modulating obesity-related CVD risk.

Elevated Serum Lipoprotein(a) Is a Risk Factor for Clinical Recurrence After Coronary Balloon Angioplasty

Circulation ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1403-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene L. Desmarais ◽  
Ian J. Sarembock ◽  
Carlos R. Ayers ◽  
Sarah M. Vernon ◽  
Eric R. Powers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Balloon Angioplasty ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Recurrence ◽  
Lipoprotein A

scholarly journals Elevated serum lipoprotein(a) is significantly associated with angiographic progression of coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Shui ◽  
Zheqi Wen ◽  
Zefeng Chen ◽  
Xujing Xie ◽  
Yongxia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Predicting 10-year cardiovascular risk using WHO/ISH risk prediction chart among urban population in Salem

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5228
Author(s):  
K. Premanandh ◽  
R. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Very High

Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) risk estimation tools are a simple means of identifying those at high risk in a community and hence a potentially cost-effective strategy for CVD prevention in resource-poor countries. The WHO /ISH risk prediction charts provide approximate estimates of cardiovascular disease risk in people who do not have established coronary heart disease, stroke or other atherosclerotic disease.Methods: A total of 280 subjects between 40 to 70 years of age were included in this cross sectional study. Eligible households was selected randomly (every 5th household) for the interview using systematic random sampling. Age, gender, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, presence or absence of diabetes and total serum cholesterol were used to compute the total CVD risk using WHO/ISH CVD risk prediction chart. The chart stratify an individual into low (<10%), moderate (10% to <20%), high (20% to <30%), and very high (>30%) risk groups.Results: Moderate and high CVD risk were 12.14% and 7.5% respectively. Of total study participants, 2.5% had very high risk (>40%). High risk (binge drinking) alcohol drinkers (p=0.04) and abdominal obesity (p=0.0001) were significantly associated with higher CVD risk. Higher prevalence of behavioral risk factors was also reported in our study population.Conclusions: A large proportion of the population is at moderate and high cardiovascular risk. Risk stratification and identification of individuals with a high risk for CHD who could potentially benefit from intensive primary prevention efforts are critically important in reducing the burden of CVD in India.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a): A Genetically Determined, Causal, and Prevalent Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gissette Reyes-Soffer ◽  
Henry N. Ginsberg ◽  
Lars Berglund ◽  
P. Barton Duell ◽  
Sean P. Heffron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Scientific Statement ◽  
Genetically Determined

High levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], an apoB100-containing lipoprotein, are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms associated with increased atherogenesis, inflammation, and thrombosis. Lp(a) is predominantly a monogenic cardiovascular risk determinant, with ≈70% to ≥90% of interindividual heterogeneity in levels being genetically determined. The 2 major protein components of Lp(a) particles are apoB100 and apolipoprotein(a). Lp(a) remains a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development even in the setting of effective reduction of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoB100. Despite its demonstrated contribution to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden, we presently lack standardization and harmonization of assays, universal guidelines for diagnosing and providing risk assessment, and targeted treatments to lower Lp(a). There is a clinical need to understand the genetic and biological basis for variation in Lp(a) levels and its relationship to disease in different ancestry groups. This scientific statement capitalizes on the expertise of a diverse basic science and clinical workgroup to highlight the history, biology, pathophysiology, and emerging clinical evidence in the Lp(a) field. Herein, we address key knowledge gaps and future directions required to mitigate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk attributable to elevated Lp(a) levels.

scholarly journals Association of Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
AHM Khairul Imam Suman ◽  
Khadija Begum ◽  
Kaniz Rahman ◽  
Abu Mohammed Talukder ◽  
SM Matiur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Xanthelasma Palpebrarum ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is the most common cutaneous xanthoma occurs over or surrounding the eyelids in yellowish color and various shapes. The objective of this study was to describe the status of cardiovascular disease risk factors in XP patients and determine their association with XP. A case-control study was conducted among 81 cases (have XP) and 81 controls (no XP) among patients attended for cardiac check-up between January 2019 to July 2019 at Ad-Din Women's Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among 162 subjects were interviewed in our study, majority were female (62.3%). XP were found more prevalent among female and several cardiac risk factors were significantly associated with XP. The chi-square analysis indicates gender (p=0.035), BMI (p=0.01), Angina history (p=0.008), and serum LDL (p=0.024) were significantly associated with presence of XP. A higher percentage of patients with high total serum cholesterol, TG levels, and LDL was observed in patients with XP in compared to control group. Our study reveals an increased presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among patients with xanthelasma. Moreover, a statistically significant association of gender, BMI, angina history, and serum LDL with XP were observed. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(4): 324-329

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