Progression of brain atrophy and cognitive decline in diabetes mellitus: A 3-year follow-up

Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. C. van Elderen ◽  
A. de Roos ◽  
A. J. M. de Craen ◽  
R. G. J. Westendorp ◽  
G. J. Blauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Atrophy

Synergistic Effect of Serum Homocysteine and Diabetes Mellitus on Brain Alterations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gihwan Byeon ◽  
Min Soo Byun ◽  
Dahyun Yi ◽  
Jun Ho Lee ◽  
So Yeon Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Serum Homocysteine

Background: Both elevated blood homocysteine and diabetes mellitus (DM) are related to cognitive impairments or dementia. A previous study also demonstrated that the association between homocysteine and cognitive decline was much stronger in individuals with DM than in those without DM. Objective: This study aimed to examine the interactive effect of blood homocysteine and DM on brain pathological changes including brain atrophy, amyloid-β and tau deposition, and small vessel disease (SVD) related to cognitive impairments. Methods: A total of 430 non-demented older adults underwent comprehensive clinical assessment, measurement of serum homocysteine level, [11C] Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET, [18F] AV-1451 PET, and brain MRI. Results: The interactive effect of homocysteine with the presence of DM on brain atrophy, especially in aging-related brain regions, was significant. Higher homocysteine concentration was associated with more prominent brain atrophy in individuals with DM, but not in those without DM. In contrast, interaction effect of homocysteine and DM was found neither on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathologies, including amyloid-β and tau deposition, nor white matter hyperintensity volume as a measure of SVD. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that high blood homocysteine level and DM synergistically aggravate brain damage independently of AD and cerebrovascular disease. With regard to preventing dementia or cognitive decline in older adults, these results support the importance of strictly controlling blood glucose in individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia and lowering blood homocysteine level in those with DM.

Diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment no dementia in the aging, demographics, and memory study (ADAMS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Gould ◽  
Sherry A. Beaudreau ◽  
Huma Salman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cognitive Impairment No Dementia

Individuals with diabetes mellitus have a 1.39 times increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, a 2.38 times increased risk of vascular dementia, and a faster rate of cognitive decline compared to individuals without diabetes (Lu et al., 2009). In a study, over a 9-year follow-up diabetes was associated with accelerated progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia, but was not associated with progression from no impairment to MCI (Xu et al., 2010). Many previous studies on cognitive impairment and diabetes are limited by the use of cognitive screens to diagnose and assess cognitive impairment. A few studies diagnosing cognitive impairment with comprehensive neuropsychological batteries provide mixed results. For instance, Luchinger et al. (2007) found that diabetes was correlated with the presence of MCI, whereas diabetes was not associated with the presence of dementia versus no dementia in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study ADAMS; (Llewellyn et al., 2010).

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus, brain atrophy and cognitive decline in older people: a longitudinal study

Diabetologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Callisaya ◽  
Richard Beare ◽  
Chris Moran ◽  
Thanh Phan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Atrophy

[P4-353]: LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH COGNITIVE DECLINE AND BRAIN ATROPHY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7S_Part_29) ◽  
pp. P1425-P1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Callisaya ◽  
Richard Beare ◽  
Chris Moran ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Thanh G. Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

scholarly journals Cognitive Decline in Multiple Sclerosis Is Related to the Progression of Retinal Atrophy and Presence of Oligoclonal Bands: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Giedraitiene ◽  
Egle Drukteiniene ◽  
Rasa Kizlaitiene ◽  
Andrius Cimbalas ◽  
Rimvydas Asoklis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Rnfl Thickness

Background: Brain atrophy, which is associated with cognitive impairment and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) atrophy, is the main biomarker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, data on the relationship between inflammatory markers, such as oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and cognition, RNFL atrophy, and brain atrophy are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of RNFL thickness, brain atrophy markers, intrathecal OCBs, and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) index on cognitive decline over a 5-year period in patients with MS.Methods: This prospective, single-center, observational cohort study included 49 patients with relapsing MS followed up over 5 years. At baseline, the patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cognitive evaluation was performed using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS), and RNFL thickness was assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCBs and IgG levels in the CSF were evaluated at baseline. The BICAMS, OCT, and MRI findings were re-evaluated after 5 years.Results: A significant reduction in information processing speed, visual learning, temporal RNFL thickness, the Huckman index, and third ventricle mean diameter was found in all 49 patients with relapsing MS over the observation period (p < 0.05). Of the patients, 63.3% had positive OCBs and 59.2% had elevated IgG indices. The atrophy of the temporal segment and papillomacular bundle and the presence of OCBs were significantly related to a decline in information processing speed in these patients (p < 0.05). However, brain atrophy markers were not found to be significant on the general linear models.Conclusions: RNFL atrophy and the presence of OCBs were related to cognitive decline in patients with MS over a 5-year follow-up period, thereby suggesting their utility as potential biomarkers of cognitive decline in MS.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus, Edentulism, and Trajectory of Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
Chenxin Tan ◽  
Brenda Plassman ◽  
Frank Sloan ◽  
Mark Schwartz ◽  
Samrachana Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Rapid Cognitive Decline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract We examined the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) and edentulism on the trajectory of cognitive decline, using the Health and Retirement Study. We analyzed self-reported DM and edentulism collected in 2006 and cognition data from 2006 and its follow up waves through 2018. Among 15,709 eligible participants age 50+ in 2006, 65.96% had neither DM nor edentulism (Group 1), 15.12% had DM alone (Group 2), 13.79% had edentulism alone (Group 3), and 5.12% had both conditions (Group 4). Results from linear mixed-effects models show that in comparison to Group 1, individuals in Group 4 had the lowest level of cognitive function, followed by those in Group 3 and Group 2. Group 4 had a modestly faster rate of cognitive decline (p=0.052). This study illustrates that co-occurrence of DM and edentulism has a higher risk of more rapid cognitive decline with advancing age than the presence of each condition alone.

Vitamin D Supplementation and Serum Levels of Magne-sium and Selenium in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Gender Dimorphic Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser M. Al-Daghri ◽  
Khalid M. Alkharfy ◽  
Nasiruddin Khan ◽  
Hanan A. Alfawaz ◽  
Abdulrahman S. Al-Ajlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Dependent Manner

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of magnesium and selenium in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 126 adult Saudi patients (55 men and 71 women, mean age 53.6 ± 10.7 years) with controlled T2DM were randomly recruited for the study. All subjects were given vitamin D3 tablets (2000 IU/day) for six months. Follow-up mean concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) vitamin D] significantly increased in both men (34.1 ± 12.4 to 57.8 ± 17.0 nmol/L) and women (35.7 ± 13.5 to 60.1 ± 18.5 nmol/L, p < 0.001), while levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) decreased significantly in both men (1.6 ± 0.17 to 0.96 ± 0.10 pmol/L, p = 0.003) and women (1.6 ± 0.17 to 1.0 ± 0.14 pmol/L, p = 0.02). In addition, there was a significant increase in serum levels of selenium and magnesium in men and women (p-values < 0.001 and 0.04, respectively) after follow-up. In women, a significant correlation was observed between delta change (variables at six months-variable at baseline) of serum magnesium versus high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = 0.36, p = 0.006) and fasting glucose (r = - 0.33, p = 0.01). In men, there was a significant correlation between serum selenium and triglycerides (r = 0.32, p = 0.04). Vitamin D supplementation improves serum concentrations of magnesium and selenium in a gender-dependent manner, which in turn could affect several cardiometabolic parameters such as glucose and lipids.

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