Diabetics do not have increased Alzheimer-type pathology compared with age-matched control subjects

Neurology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1306-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Heitner ◽  
Dennis Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Glycated Proteins ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postmortem Brains ◽  
And Control

Diabetics have impaired cognitive performance relative to age-matched control subjects, but the pathologic basis for this impairment is unknown. Because Alzheimer-type lesions, including both senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, contain glycated proteins and glycation is known to be increased in diabetes, we hypothesized that cognitive impairment in diabetes may be due in part to increased Alzheimer-type pathology. We measured the amount of Alzheimer-type pathology in postmortem brains of diabetics and age-matched control subjects with sensitive and specific histofluorescent and immunocytochemical methods. As expected, there were strong correlations between severity of senile plaques and neurofibrillary degeneration and age and also a strong correlation between the pathologic measures. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between diabetics and control subjects with respect to severity of Alzheimer-type pathology, on average, or with respect to age. This finding was true for diabetics with and without insulin dependence. The results confirm reports showing that diabetes is not a risk factor for Alzheimer-type pathology and suggest that factors other than Alzheimer's disease are responsible for cognitive impairment in diabetics.

SECRETION OF DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE BY HUMAN PROSTATE IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mahoudeau ◽  
A. Delassalle ◽  
H. Bricaire
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 29 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 56 control men of various ages. No significant difference was found in T, DHT nor DHT/T ratio between BPH and control subjects of similar age. Plasma DHT was higher in the prostatic than in the peripheral veins in 8/9 patients with BPH during laparotomy, indicating a prostatic secretion of DHT. No difference in the mean T nor the mean DHT was found in peripheral plasma before and after adenomectomy.

Thyroid Nodules in Patients with Acromegaly: Frequency According to the ACR TI-RADS Classification and its Relationship with Disease Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Can ◽  
Muhammet Kocabaş ◽  
Melia Karakose ◽  
Hatice Caliskan Burgucu ◽  
Zeliha Yarar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification and its relationship with acromegaly disease activity. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acromegaly and age, sex, and body mass index matched with 56 healthy control subjects were included in our study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels of patients and control subjects were measured. In addition, patients and healthy controls were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine thyroid structure, thyroid volume, and thyroid nodules and to make ACR TI-RADS classification. Results: Thyroid nodules were present in 31 (55.4%) of 56 patients in the acromegaly group and 20 (35.7%) of 56 subjects in the control group, and the frequency of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.038). The mean number of nodules in the acromegaly group and control group was 1.27±1.43 and 0.48±0.73, respectively, and the mean number of nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.003). The number of patients with TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules in the acromegaly group was higher than the control group (p=0.026, p=0.049, p=0.007, respectively). No difference was found in terms of cytological findings between those who have undergone FNAB in the acromegaly group and control group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the frequency of thyroid nodules, the number of thyroid nodules, and the number of TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules increased in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference between acromegaly disease activity and thyroid nodule frequency, number of thyroid nodules, and TI-RADS classifications.

scholarly journals Pteroylglutamic acid malabsorption in tropical sprue

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Corcino ◽  
G Coll ◽  
FA Klipstein
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Sprue ◽  
Perfusion Technique ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pteroylglutamic Acid ◽  
And Control

Abstract Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) absorption was assessed in ten untreated tropical sprue (TS) and eight control subjects utilizing a marker perfusion technique. Physiologic concentrations of the vitamin (25 ng/ml) dissolved in iso-osmotic solutions containing either mannitol of glucose at a concentration of 55.6 mM were perfused on each subject on two consecutive days. A statistically significant difference in PGA absorption between TS and control subjects was obtained only when glucose was present in the perfusate. Thus, unequivocal malabsorption of PGA is demonstrable in all subjects with TS when more refined techniques than the ones applied heretofore are utilized.

scholarly journals Influence of long term stress exposure on somatisation symptoms outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Belma Zečević ◽  
Nešina Avdagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
War Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
And Control

Long term stress exposure results in somatisation symptoms appearance. Cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and muscle-bone symptoms arise because of intensified activity of autonomic nervous system caused by chronic stress. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between long term war stress exposure and appearance of somatisation. 40 students of health-care faculties in Sarajevo, of both sexes, were included in investigation and divided in two groups-somatisation and control. Somatisation group subjects (N=20) lived in B&H under war conditions, from 1992-1995. Control subjects (N=20) spent the same period outside B&H. For evaluation of somatisation symptoms we used SCL-90-R test. The obtained data were statistically evaluated using Student’s t-test and χ2 test. Confidence level was set at ρ < 0,05. Our results showed statistically significant difference in somatisation level between somatisation and control subjects group. Different intensity of appearance of certain symptoms in male and female was established. The score of somatisation dimension between somatisation and control group showed statistically significant level (p < 0,0001). Study results confirmed correlation of chronic stress exposure (living in war environment) and somatisation symptom appearance. Individual organic systems had various level of symptom expression. The influence of sex on intensity of individual symptoms of somatisation is possible.

scholarly journals Domain-specific cognitive impairment in patients with COPD and control subjects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Cleutjens ◽  
Frits Franssen ◽  
Martijn Spruit ◽  
Lowie Vanfleteren ◽  
Candy Gijsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ACTH AND CORTISONE IN RHEUMATIC FEVER: CARDIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS IN A CONTROLLED SERIES OF 100 CASES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
T. N. Harris ◽  
Sidney Friedman ◽  
Herbert L. Needleman ◽  
Herbert A. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The therapeutic effects of ACTH and cortisone have been studied in a series of 100 patients with acute rheumatic fever, with special emphasis on cardiologic observations. This series involved cyclical alternation among hormone-treated patients and control patients. The latter received symptomatic and supportive therapy, but not salicylates in large doses. Observations on such patients during the period of hospitalization (did not indicate any significant difference between hormone-treated and control subjects in terms of the appearance or disappearance of cardiac murmurs, the degree of transmission of apical systolic murmurs, incidence and duration of pericarditis, or other cardiologic phenomena recorded. Rates of occurrence of "rebound" phenomena and of complications of the hormone therapy have also been reported.

The orthostatic dysregulation of blood pressure in dizzy patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Aoki ◽  
Yuzuru Sakaida ◽  
Hisamitsu Hayashi ◽  
Nansei Yamada ◽  
Keisuke Mizuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Otolith Organs ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Visual Vertical ◽  
Orthostatic Dysregulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Objectives: A number of animal studies have confirmed that the otolith organs may contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure during positional change; however, the contribution of such organs remains to be elucidated in humans. Methods: This study investigated whether acute dizzy patients (n = 11) with an abnormal deviation of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) show an abnormality in the orthostatic regulation of blood pressure in comparison to acute dizzy patients with a normal deviation of the SVV (n = 11) and control subjects (n = 11). Results: The average change in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 1 minute after active standing in comparison to that at baseline in dizzy patients with an abnormal deviation of the SVV was −6.8 ± 3.0 mmHg. The change was significantly lower than that in the control subjects (2.1 ± 2.6 mmHg, p < 0.05), while the change in dizzy patients with a normal deviation of the SVV (2.6 ± 2.2 mmHg) was not significantly different from that in the control subjects (p > 0.05). Active standing significantly increased the heart rate (HR) in all participants (p < 0.01) and there was no significant difference in the change of the HR among the 3 groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that dizzy patients in the acute phase of recovery from vestibular dysfunction have an orthostatic dysregulation of the blood pressure, thus resulting in such patients suffering from orthostatic intolerance.

scholarly journals Serum Ultrafiltrable Copper, Total Copper and Caeruloplasmin Concentrations in Gynaecological Carcinomas

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Chan ◽  
Felix Wong ◽  
Mano Arumanayagam
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Total Copper ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Serum copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations are elevated in various carcinomas, but it is not known whether the rise in serum copper is due to elevation of caeruloplasmin alone or whether it is also due to the elevation of ‘free’ copper. We therefore determined ultrafiltrable copper to answer this question. Serum ultrafiltrate was prepared using the Amicon micropartition system and ultrafiltrable (free) copper was determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum total copper was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and caeruloplasmin by rate nephelometry. There was no significant difference in the ultrafiltrable copper concentration between patients with gynaecological tumours and control subjects. However, total copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations were significantly elevated in cancer patients compared with control subjects. In contrast to total copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations, ultrafiltrable copper concentrations showed no significant increase with increase in the stage of the cancer.

Plasma, platelet and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidases as risk factors in ischaemic heart disease in man

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Porter ◽  
D. J. Pearson ◽  
V. J. Suarez-Mendez ◽  
A. D. Blann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidases ◽  
And Control

1. Plasma, platelet and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities and serum lipid concentrations were measured in patients with ischaemic heart disease and matched control subjects. 2. Mean plasma and platelet glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly lower in the patients with ischaemic heart disease. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities and serum lipid concentrations were similar in patients with ischaemic heart disease and control subjects. 3. No correlations between plasma, platelet and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities were observed. 4. The combination of plasma and platelet glutathione peroxidase activities provided an 86% discrimination between patients with ischaemic heart disease and matched control subjects. 5. Our data suggest that plasma and platelet glutathione peroxidases may be significant risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. Plasma glutathione peroxidase is a previously unrecognized risk factor.

Cough physiology in elderly women with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1262-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Wen Tsai ◽  
Kevin Fennelly ◽  
Karen Wheeler-Hegland ◽  
Sherry Adams ◽  
Jillian Condrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response ◽  
White Women ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
White Female ◽  
Cough Reflex ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lung Infections

Elderly white, thin, nonsmoking women appear to be more susceptible to lung infections with Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). It has been postulated that such disease in women is related to suppression of their cough. We hypothesized that patients with pulmonary NTM (pNTM) infections may have altered cough physiology compared with unaffected control subjects. We used capsaicin-induced cough to assess the cough reflex in pNTM subjects. Eight elderly white women with stable chronic pNTM infections and six unaffected age-matched control subjects were recruited. There was no significant difference between groups in capsaicin-elicited cough motor response, airflow pattern, or cough frequency. The urge-to-cough (UTC) score at the lowest capsaicin concentration was significantly lower in pNTM than control subjects ( P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the UTC score between pNTM and control subjects at >50 μM capsaicin. These results suggest lower UTC sensitivity to the lowest concentration of capsaicin in pNTM than control subjects. In other words, the pNTM subjects do not sense a UTC when the stimulus is relatively small. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study investigates the cough motor response and cough sensitivity in patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. In elderly white female pulmonary NTM subjects, we demonstrated a capacity to produce coughs similar to that of age-matched control subjects but decreased cough sensitivity in response to a low dose of capsaicin compared with control subjects. These findings are important to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in NTM disease in elderly white women and/or the syndrome developing in elderly white female NTM patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document