Ports of Transnational Labor Organizing: Anarchism along the Peruvian-Chilean Littoral, 1916–1928

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-531
Author(s):  
Joshua Savala
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War ◽  
War Of The Pacific ◽  
Depth View

Abstract This article centers cross-border solidarity in the post–War of the Pacific (1879–83) context in Peru and Chile. I examine the ways in which some maritime and port workers in these countries in the early twentieth century created bonds of solidarity despite the reigning nationalism of the day. The article analyzes labor struggles and the move toward industrial organizing in Mollendo, Peru; Chilean Industrial Workers of the World efforts at creating links with Peruvian workers; and police repression after a 1925 strike in Mollendo. I combine an in-depth view of local organizing with the transnational political moves and connections forged by maritime and port workers. They lived and organized in their own ports while also forming bonds with other working-class people in the shared space of the Pacific littoral. Their organizing locally and transnationally challenged the chauvinistic nationalism of the era.

scholarly journals Cross-Border Labor Organizing in the Garment and Automobile Industries: The Phillips Van-Heusen and Ford Cuautitlan Cases

1998 ◽  
pp. 20-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Armbruster
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Guatemala City ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporatist State

The globalization of the world economy has created new opportunities for cross-border labor organizing. In this paper I examine two case studies of cross -border labor organizing. One case involves Phillips Van-Hernen (PVH) workers in Guatemala City, and the other Ford automobile workers in Cuautitlan, Mexico. The PVH case illustrates the potential for cross-border labor organizing in the highly mobile garment industry. The PVH workers' union and their cross-border allies adopted a "strategic cross-border organizing model" that included consumer and trade pressure, an active international trade secretariat, and several other strategies, to achieve an amazing victory. However, the Ford Cuautitlan case demonstrates that corporatist state-labor relations and internal union conflicts have limited cross-border organizing in the automobile industry. These two case studies and their different outcomes have many important lessons for academics and activists interested in cross-border labor organizing.

scholarly journals Revolutionary Waves of the Twentieth Century: “The Red Wave” in Asia, 1940–1970

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
V. V. Tsygankov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
World System ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Military Revolutions ◽  
Post War ◽  
Protest Activity

The study examines revolutionary waves – the process of spreading protest activity from one society to another. The author reveals the specifics and analyzes the nature of relations within the “red wave” in post-war Asia in the 40s – 70s of the twentieth century. The paper explains the structural, ideological and organizational relationship between these revolutions (uprising, partisan wars) using the world system analysis, demographic and structural theory, the theory of military revolutions, and the neo-Marxist model of B. Moore. These approaches helped to explain the authoritarian, dirigiste an egalitarian Asian “wave”, and also highlighted two ideologically and organizationally separate “waves”.

Tracing the Fur Trade

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Cromwell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
North America ◽  
Historical Archaeology ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Interethnic Relationships

The origins of historical archaeology in the Pacific Northwest of North America in the mid-twentieth century concentrated on the excavations of British terrestrial fur trade forts, but little synthesis and inter-site comparisons of available data has been completed. This chapter presents a comparative typological analysis of these early-nineteenth-century British and Chinese ceramic wares recovered from the Northwest Company’s Fort Okanogan (ca. 1811–1821), Fort Spokane (ca. 1810–1821), Fort George (ca. 1811–1821) and the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Fort Vancouver (ca. 1825–1860). This study helps to reveal the extent that early Victorian ideals gave precedence to the supply of British manufactured goods to these colonial outposts on the opposite side of the world and what the presence of these ceramic wares may reveal about the complex interethnic relationships and socioeconomic statuses of the occupants of these forts and the Native Americans who engaged in trade with these forts.

scholarly journals Religious Motifs in Polish Contemporary Art Using the Crucifixion: An Outline of the Problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Beata Bigaj-Zwonek
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
The Political ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War

Sacred motifs have a long tradition in art and ample figurative representation. They have been present in the visual arts for numerous reasons, from the need to identify faith to artistic expression based on commonly-known truths and stories saturated with meaning. In the art of the twentieth century, Christian motifs were often an excuse to speak about the world, its threats and fears, and the human condition. Polish artists frequently availed themselves of religious symbols and systems in the post-war era, and during the political transforma­tion of the 1980s, they became a way to articulate uncertainty, expectation, and hope for change. Today, the religious trope is a pretext for artistic commentary on religion, social problems, and internal issues of the creators themselves. The article explores the causes and the nature of artistic practice rooted in Christian iconography in Polish contemporary art, with a particular emphasis on the motif of the crucifixion.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey Stonebridge
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The World ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Post War

This book is about how a generation of writers and intellectuals in the mid-twentieth century responded to the emergence of a new category of person in the world: the modern refugee whose history, as has recently become clear once more, is also the history of the changing meanings of political and national citizenship in the later twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The introduction offers a critical review of how literary and legal history eventually ended up telling the same story about exile and statelessness in the post-war period: the exile, usually European, emerges as an individual of conscience and agency, a victim of persecution who, nonetheless, is of his time; and the exile’s others, the refugees, sometimes but usually not European, caught in the dehumanizing movements of mass displacement and whose existence is recognized neither by the humanism of human rights nor by literary history.

Philadelphia's Lords of the Docks: Interracial Unionism Wobbly-Style

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-338
Author(s):  
Peter Cole
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Labor Union ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Diverse Workforce ◽  
Ethnic Integration ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Racial Lines ◽  
Interracial Unionism

In the early twentieth century, several thousand Philadelphia longshoremen organized themselves into a powerful, durable, and effective labor union. These men, who proudly belonged to the Industrial Workers of the World, proved willing and able to employ the Wobblies’ direct action tactics to improve their lives. Perhaps even more impressive is that Local 8 was one of the most, perhaps the most, racially inclusive union of its era. Few institutions of any sort at that time in America could claim to be more committed to interracial, multiethnic unionism than Local 8. For ideological and pragmatic reasons, Local 8 stood for racial and ethnic integration on the waterfront. Uniting a diverse workforce was essential to the union's success. Indeed, the union collapsed when Local 8 was split along racial lines. This article looks at the rise and fall of the Progressive Era's most integrated union.

Chile During the First Months of the War of the Pacific

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Sater
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
War Of The Pacific

Charles Darwin once described the Atacama as the world' most desolate desert, and it is hardly surprising that its ownership was not vigorously contested before the 1860s. The discovery, however, first of guano and then of nitrates, made the Atacama the object of a diplomatic dispute between Chile and Bolivia, both of which now coveted this once undesirable land.

Economic Literature for Merchants: Handbooks, Dictionaries and Periodicals on Commerce during the 18th Century in Spain

2010 ◽  
pp. 99-132
Author(s):  
Jesůs Astigarraga ◽  
Juan Zabalza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Labor Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Constitutive Process ◽  
The World

This work outlines a profile of Daniel De Leon, one between the most charismatic and discussed American socialist leaders, deepening his ideological contribution to Marxist and Radical thought in the United States between the end of the Nineteenth Century and the begin of the Twentieth Century. In particular, this paper analyses the development of De Leon syndicalism theory, describing how he tried to realize it through the participation to the constitutive process of the Industrial Workers of the World (I.W.W.) as well analyzing the reasons that subsequently induced him to break whit the same labor union organization.

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