scholarly journals Cross-Border Labor Organizing in the Garment and Automobile Industries: The Phillips Van-Heusen and Ford Cuautitlan Cases

1998 ◽  
pp. 20-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Armbruster
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Guatemala City ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporatist State

The globalization of the world economy has created new opportunities for cross-border labor organizing. In this paper I examine two case studies of cross -border labor organizing. One case involves Phillips Van-Hernen (PVH) workers in Guatemala City, and the other Ford automobile workers in Cuautitlan, Mexico. The PVH case illustrates the potential for cross-border labor organizing in the highly mobile garment industry. The PVH workers' union and their cross-border allies adopted a "strategic cross-border organizing model" that included consumer and trade pressure, an active international trade secretariat, and several other strategies, to achieve an amazing victory. However, the Ford Cuautitlan case demonstrates that corporatist state-labor relations and internal union conflicts have limited cross-border organizing in the automobile industry. These two case studies and their different outcomes have many important lessons for academics and activists interested in cross-border labor organizing.

POVERTY TRAPS AND INFERIOR GOODS IN A DYNAMIC HECKSCHER–OHLIN MODEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Bond ◽  
Kazumichi Iwasa ◽  
Kazuo Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Steady State ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Steady States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Poverty Trap ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
The World ◽  
State Capital

We extend the dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin model in Bond et al. [Economic Theory(48, 171–204, 2011)] and show that if the labor-intensive good is inferior, then there may exist multiple steady states in autarky and poverty traps can arise. Poverty traps for the world economy, in the form of Pareto-dominated steady states, are also shown to exist. We show that the opening of trade can have the effect of pulling the initially poorer country out of a poverty trap, with both countries having steady state capital stocks exceeding the autarky level. However, trade can also pull an initially richer country into a poverty trap. These possibilities are a sharp contrast with dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin models with normality in consumption, where the country with the larger (smaller) capital stock than the other will reach a steady state where the level of welfare is higher (lower) than in the autarkic steady state.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 on Business Industry and Management: Pandemic Challenges and Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Business Process ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Business Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Problem Structure ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Covid-19 pandemic has created unprecedented interruption for the global business industry management. The world economy already facing a turbulent phase experienced the worst scenario in the view of this pandemic. Business management strategists and policymakers have been making an impact assessment to understand the problem structure of this worst possible pandemic situation. The present article tries to develop a viewpoint on Covid-19 impact on business industries and management. Further authors attempt to develop a problem-solving structure by discussing the best possible solutions to mitigate the fact on the one hand and facilitating the business process in various sectors such as business Industry, Marketing, finance, and health industries on the other.

Chapter II. The World Economy

1974 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 23-37
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Economic Position

The world economic position and prospects have worsened further in the last three months. In the United States and Japan, in particular, recessionary conditions are proving to be more marked and more prolonged than we had expected, and it looks as though by the end of the year all the major industrial countries, with the possible exception of France, will have experienced at least one quarter in which output has fallen or at best shown no appreciable rise. The other developed countries have fared better, but we no longer expect there to be any growth of output in the OECD area either in the second half of the year or in the year as a whole. In 1975 the position should be rather better, at least by the second half. We expect OECD countries' aggregate GNP to grow by about 2 per cent year-on-year and nearly 3 per cent between the fourth quarters of 1974 and 1975.

Group Insolvencies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Bork ◽  
Renato Mangano
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One

This chapter deals with European cross-border issues concerning groups of companies. This chapter, after outlining the difficulties encountered throughout the world in defining and regulating the group, focuses on the specific policy choices endorsed by the EIR, which clearly does not lay down any form of substantive consolidation. Instead, the EIR, on the one hand, seems to permit the ‘one group—one COMI’ rule, even to a limited extent, and, on the other hand, provides for two different regulatory devices of procedural consolidation, one based on the duties of ‘cooperation and communication’ and the other on a system of ‘coordination’ to be set up between the many proceedings affecting companies belonging to the same group.

30. Human security

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitav Acharya
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Security ◽  
World Order ◽  
International Aid ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
World Peace ◽  
The World

This chapter examines the origins of the concept of human security, debates surrounding its definition and scope, some of the threats to human security in the world today, and international efforts to promote human security. It explores whether the idea of human security fundamentally challenges or merely supplement the traditional view of national security; whether human security is ‘freedom from fear’ or ‘freedom from want’, or both; and whether human security, broadly defined, represents a more accurate way of conceptualizing and strengthening world order in the twenty-first century. Two case studies are presented, one dealing with human security in Odisha, India, and the other with human security and international aid to Haiti in the wake of the January 2010 earthquake. There is also an Opposing Opinions box that asks whether a human security approach contributes significantly to world peace and order.

CDIO Standards and Quality Assurance

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Certification And Accreditation

With Conceive-Design-Implement-Operate (CDIO) approach collaborating institutions and programs in many countries and regions of the world, it is essential that the International CDIO Leadership Council promulgate processes to assure internal and external stakeholders that member institutions and programs are adhering to the 12 CDIO Standards. The Standards are what make CDIO a unique initiative in that they provide a vehicle for realizing the CDIO vision to transform the culture of engineering education. Therefore, the CDIO Council has developed five quality assurance processes that begin with the application to become a CDIO Collaborator and include self-evaluation, certification, and accreditation based on the CDIO Standards. This article discusses the CDIO quality assurance processes and the other articles in this special issue provide case studies and other examples related to the use of the processes by CDIO collaborators.

scholarly journals KORUPSI, PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Junaidi I Ketut Patra
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
The People ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Developing Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Conducting Research

Some countries have been faced to corruption stage. Especially developing region, corruption has became a disaster humankind and occur a global issue, because it is very disturbing cycle of the world economy. In many cases corruption related to financial report manipulation. One of the factor fraud rate is accounting have leave religion aspect in their report. A revolution of solution must be born in the globe. to reduces and combating the level of corruption, but on the other hand accounting makes corruption becomes more fertile. This research uses the literature approach and is expected to be one of the concepts for future research in conducting research on the prevention of corruption for accounting sector. Based on literature study we found that the approach to culture and religiosity in Indonesia will be more effective in preventing corruption. This is caused by the people of Indonesia, which consists of many tribes, cultures, beliefs and religions.

scholarly journals Problems of destandardization and precarization of labor in the context of globalization-americanization-deglobalization of the world economy in the XXI century

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Arseienko
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Digital Capitalism ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of the content, essence and social consequences of the transformation of employment in industrially developed countries after the Second World War in the context of globalization - americanization - deglobalization of the world economy. The author pays great attention to exposing the modern mythologization of the digitalization of labor and labor relations in the countries of the global North in order to cover up the true essence of various forms of non-standard work, which has become widespread in the modern world-system within the framework of digital capitalism. At the center of the study and research of the problems of destandardization and precarization of labor in the world of digital capitalism is the digitalization of the world of work and labor relations and the impact of the digital economy on the situation of workers in Western countries, especially in the United States, which has become a role model throughout the world, including the countries with "economies in transition". The author draws special attention to the fact that the introduction of non-standard employment into economic practice in the West was caused by the transition of economically developed countries to the new social structures of accumulation by means of withdrawal, that is, by reducing labor costs within the framework of the neoliberal economy. Based on the study and analysis of foreign sources, the author concludes that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a trigger to the exacerbation of the current systemic crisis of global capitalism, which puts on the agenda the need to search for and implement new, fairer and more humane forms of world order under the slogans of the social movement of alterglobalists "People are higher than profits!" and "Another world is possible!"

Ports of Transnational Labor Organizing: Anarchism along the Peruvian-Chilean Littoral, 1916–1928

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-531
Author(s):  
Joshua Savala
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War ◽  
War Of The Pacific ◽  
Depth View

Abstract This article centers cross-border solidarity in the post–War of the Pacific (1879–83) context in Peru and Chile. I examine the ways in which some maritime and port workers in these countries in the early twentieth century created bonds of solidarity despite the reigning nationalism of the day. The article analyzes labor struggles and the move toward industrial organizing in Mollendo, Peru; Chilean Industrial Workers of the World efforts at creating links with Peruvian workers; and police repression after a 1925 strike in Mollendo. I combine an in-depth view of local organizing with the transnational political moves and connections forged by maritime and port workers. They lived and organized in their own ports while also forming bonds with other working-class people in the shared space of the Pacific littoral. Their organizing locally and transnationally challenged the chauvinistic nationalism of the era.

Labor-Value Commodity Chains

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Intan Suwandi
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
First Century ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Decentralized Networks ◽  
Global Commodity Chains ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century

The analysis of global commodity chains creates some crucial questions in relation to the nature of imperialism in the twenty-first century: (1) whether decentralized global commodity chains can be seen as constituting a decentralization of power among the major actors within these chains, and (2) whether the complexities of these chains suggest that the hierarchical, imperialist characteristics of the world economy have been superseded. I argue that the answer to both of these questions is no. Despite the seemingly decentralized networks, and notwithstanding the existing complexities that characterize global commodity chains, the capital-labor relations inherent in these chains are still imperialistic in their configurations.

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