Atmospheres of Violence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Social World ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Don't Ask Don't Tell ◽  
Ways Of Life

Advances in LGBTQ rights in the recent past—marriage equality, the repeal of Don't Ask, Don't Tell, and the expansion of hate crimes legislation—have been accompanied by a rise in attacks against trans, queer and/or gender-nonconforming people of color. In Atmospheres of Violence, theorist and organizer Eric A. Stanley shows how this seeming contradiction reveals the central role of racialized and gendered violence in the United States. Rather than suggesting that such violence is evidence of individual phobias, Stanley shows how it is a structuring antagonism in our social world. Drawing on an archive of suicide notes, AIDS activist histories, surveillance tapes, and prison interviews, they offer a theory of anti-trans/queer violence in which inclusion and recognition are forms of harm rather than remedies to it. In calling for trans/queer organizing and worldmaking beyond these forms, Stanley points to abolitionist ways of life that might offer livable futures.

scholarly journals Death by Numbers: Why Evolving Standards Compel Extending Roper’s Categorical Ban Against Executing Juveniles From 18 to 21

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Blume ◽  
Hannah Freedman ◽  
Lindsey Vann ◽  
Amelia C. Hritz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Current State ◽  
Jury Verdicts ◽  
Death Sentences ◽  
Eighth Amendment ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Juvenile Sentencing

Texas Law Review, ForthcomingNearly fifteen years ago, the Supreme Court held in Roper v. Simmons that the Eighth Amendment prohibits the execution of people who were under 18 at the time of their offenses. The Court justified the line it drew based on legislative enactments, jury verdicts, and neuroscience. In the intervening years, however, much has changed in juvenile sentencing jurisprudence, the legal treatment of young people, and neuroscience. These changes beg the question: Why 18? Is the bright-line rule that the Court announced in Roper still constitutionally valid or do the changes since 2005 now point to a new cutoff at 21? To answer those questions, this Article considers post-Roper developments in the relevant domains to make the case that the 18-year-old constitutional line should be extended to age 21. It does so by applying the Supreme Court’s evolving-standards-of-decency methodology. Specifically, the Article examines all death sentences and executions imposed in the United States post-Roper and looks at the current state of neuroscientific research that the Court found compelling when it decided Roper. Two predominant trends emerge. First, there is a national consensus against executing people under 21. This consensus comports with what new developments in neuroscience have made clear: people under 21 have brains that look and behave like the brains of younger teenagers, not like adult brains. Second, young people of color are disproportionately sentenced to die — even more so than adult capital defendants. The role of race is amplified when the victim is white. These trends confirm that the logic that compelled the Court to ban executions of people under 18 extends to people under 21.

Transgender Voice and Communication: Introduction and International Context

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Service ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
International Context ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Gender Variant ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
The World

Transgender voice and communication is a growing area of clinical service delivery in the United States and around the world; however, many clinicians are unsure where to begin if they are interested in working with people who are transgender, transsexual, or gender nonconforming/gender variant. Recently, at the Biennial Symposium of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) in Bangkok, Thailand, a group of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and speech-language therapists (SLTs) from around the world gathered to discuss ways of disseminating information about transgender voice and communication to clinicians interested in serving this underrepresented and misunderstood clinical population. The symposium participants also brainstormed ways of reaching out to students so they would have an increased awareness of this area of clinical service delivery. In order to address these goals, this article introduces transgender voice and communication with a focus on: (a) key terminology for practicing SLPs and SLTs, (b) the role of WPATH in voice and communication intervention, and (c) a group therapy program for people in the transgender community.

Hate Crime Victimization and Weapon Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 009385482098384
Author(s):  
Zachary T. Malcom ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Bias Crime ◽  
Bias Crimes ◽  
Weapon Use ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research has suggested that hate crimes hurt more, in that they are more physically severe than other crimes. A separate body of research has focused on the role of weapons in exacerbating violence; yet, no research has considered the role of weapon use in bias crime victimization. Following this, this research examines the relationship between weapon use, bias motivation, and victimization in the United States. On one hand, weapons may play an important role in hate crime by exacerbating violence. On the other hand, weapons may be unnecessary for facilitating hate crime violence, given the animus associated with bias motivation. Using data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System, we find that bias crimes are both (a) less likely than nonbias crimes to involve weapons and (b) more likely than nonbias crimes to involve serious or lethal victim injury. These patterns are particularly pronounced for antisexual orientation hate crimes.

“A Problem of Humanity”: The Human Rights Framework and the Struggle for Racial Justice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Rosino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Symbolic Politics ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Racial Injustice

While the historical and ongoing symbolic and material inequalities and violence faced by African Americans can be understood as a human rights violation, the efficacy of the human rights framework for addressing racial injustice in the United States remains contested. In this article, I examine the relationship between the emergence and dominance of the geopolitical doctrine of human rights and the struggle for racial justice in the United States. Through historical, legal, and sociological analysis of relevant issues and cases, I discern the benefits and limitations of the human rights framework for achieving racial justice and elucidate dynamics between relevant institutional, political, and social actors. I argue that the human rights framework opens international pathways for information, accountability, and symbolic politics conducive to combating racial injustice, particularly regarding overt manifestations of oppression and violence, but enduring issues such as the role of the state in racial politics and the dehumanization of people of color present hindrances.

scholarly journals On the Importance of Listening and Intercultural Communication for Actions Against Racism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Baires ◽  
Rocco Catrone ◽  
Brandon Kenneth Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Listener Behavior ◽  
Verbal Exchanges

In a period where racial inequities in the United States have garnered more attention and discussion as a result of social media (e.g., increased use of the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag; Anderson et al., 2020) and newer generations (Tatum, 2017b), it is important to ensure that communication between cultural groups is effective and produces systemic change. This paper will review the failures of a “post-racial” society, with emphasis on ineffective communication between Black, Indigenous People of Color and non-Black, Indigenous People of Color. The role of the listener during intercultural verbal exchanges will be examined, while highlighting the barriers and harmful results of ineffective communication. A behavioral conceptualization of effective listener behavior will be presented, which if implemented, may maintain and sustain social equity, inclusion, and justice. A call to action will be made to further investigate intercultural communication using behavior-analytic research methodologies and how such research might inform on how to functionally and precisely mediate reinforcement in the fight against racism.

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

The Category Is . . . Opulence!

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Plaster
Keyword(s):  
Performance Studies ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The Cross ◽  
And Gender ◽  
A Performance

In recent years there has been a strong “public turn” within universities that is renewing interest in collaborative approaches to knowledge creation. This article draws on performance studies literature to explore the cross-disciplinary collaborations made possible when the academy broadens our scope of inquiry to include knowledge produced through performance. It takes as a case study the “Peabody Ballroom Experience,” an ongoing collaboration between the Johns Hopkins University Sheridan Libraries, the Peabody Institute BFA Dance program, and Baltimore’s ballroom community—a performance-based arts culture comprising gay, lesbian, queer, transgender, and gender-nonconforming people of color.

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